He aha ka mānoanoa maʻamau o ka papa insulation i loko o kahi pahu hau ice cream?

Ua hālāwai paha nā hoaaloha e holo ana i nā hale kūʻai mea ʻono a i ʻole nā ​​hale kūʻai kūpono i kēia kūlana paʻakikī: ʻElua mau pahu hau ʻaikalima i hoʻonoho ʻia ma -18°C e hoʻopau paha i 5 kWh o ka uila i ka lā, aʻo kekahi e hoʻohana ana i 10 kWh. Mālama ka hau ʻaikalima hou i kona ʻano laumania i loko o kekahi mau pahu hau, akā hoʻomohala mau i ka hau a paʻakikī i nā mea ʻē aʻe. ʻO ka ʻoiaʻiʻo, ʻo ka mānoanoa o ka papa insulation e hoʻoholo mālie i ka hopena.

Manaʻo ka poʻe he nui "ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o ka insulation mānoanoa," akā ua ʻike ka poʻe loea i ka ʻoihana ʻo ka mānoanoa kūpono ʻole e hoʻonele i ka ikehu a me ke kālā a ʻai paha i ka wahi mālama.

I. ʻO ka mānoanoa o ka insulation mainstream mai 50-100mm, i hana ʻia no nā hiʻohiʻona kikoʻī

ʻAʻohe pono e ʻimi mau loa—aia ka mānoanoa o ka insulation no nā keʻena hau kalima ma waena o 50-100mm. Eia naʻe, ʻaʻole kēia he waiwai paʻa. Pono nā ʻano hoʻohana like ʻole a me nā koi mahana no nā mānoanoa like ʻole.

He memo kūikawā: Pono ka mālama ʻana i ka hau kalima i nā kūlana insulation koʻikoʻi. E like me ka nui o nā loea mālama anu e kaʻana like ana ma nā kahua e like me Douyin, pono ka mālama ʻana i ka hau kalima ma -22°C a i -25°C i nā papa insulation ma ka liʻiliʻi he 15cm (150mm) ka mānoanoa no ka pono o ka ikehu. ʻOiai ʻaʻole pono nā keʻena hau kalima i kēia mānoanoa, ʻaʻole pono e hāʻule nā ​​​​​​mamana wela haʻahaʻa loa ma lalo o 100mm.

II. He mea koʻikoʻi kēia mau kumu 4 no ka pono o ka insulation

Nui nā ʻoihana e kālele wale ana i ka mānoanoa i ke kūʻai ʻana, me ka nānā ʻole ʻana i nā mea koʻikoʻi. ʻO ka "hiki ke paʻa i ka wela" o kahi panela e hilinaʻi maoli ia i nā hopena i hui pū ʻia o ka mānoanoa, ka mea hana, ke kaʻina hana, a me ke ʻano—ʻaʻole pono mau ka hoʻohui wale ʻana i ka mānoanoa.

1. Pono nā ʻokoʻa mahana nui i nā panela mānoanoa

ʻO ka hana nui o ka insulation, ʻo ia ke ālai i ka hoʻololi wela ma waena o loko a me waho. ʻOi aku ka nui o ka ʻokoʻa o ka mahana e koi ai i ka mānoanoa nui aʻe. No ka laʻana, i loko o kahi ʻano o loko he 25°C, pono ka mānoanoa o kahi keʻena hau kalima -18°C he 70mm. Eia nō naʻe, inā e kau ʻia i loko o kahi hale kūʻai waho he 38°C, ʻo ka mālama ʻana i ka mahana like e pono ai ka hoʻonui ʻana i ka mānoanoa ma luna o 90mm. Ua like kēia me ke komo ʻana i kahi ʻaʻahu huluhulu i ka hoʻoilo: pono kahi mana mānoanoa ma nā ʻāpana ʻākau ma -20°C, ʻoiai ua lawa ka mea lahilahi ma nā ʻāpana hema ma 5°C.

2. Mainstream PU Foam: ʻOi aku ka nui o ka Density ma mua o ka mānoanoa

Hoʻohana ka aneane āpau o nā keʻena hau kalima i ka insulation polyurethane paʻa (PU). Hoʻohanohano kēia mea i ka helu pani-cell a hiki i ka 95% a me ka conductivity thermal haʻahaʻa e like me 0.018-0.024 W/(m·K), e lilo ia i "all-rounder" o ka insulation. Eia naʻe, e hoʻomaopopo: Pono ka nui o ka huʻa PU he ≥40kg/m³; inā ʻaʻole, ʻoiai me ka mānoanoa lawa, e hoʻopilikia nā hakahaka kūloko i ka insulation. Hoʻemi kekahi mau mea hana i nā kumukūʻai ma ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka huʻa honeycomb ma kahi o ka huʻa paʻa, e hōʻemi ana i ka hana insulation ma 30%. ʻOiai inā i kapa ʻia he 80mm ka mānoanoa, ʻaʻole i lawa kona pono maoli ma mua o 50mm o ka huʻa PU kiʻekiʻe.

3. ʻOi aku ka mānoanoa o ka insulation no ka wehe pinepine ʻana i nā puka

ʻO nā keʻena hau kalima o nā hale kūʻai kūʻai kūpono, i wehe ʻia i nā manawa he nui i kēlā me kēia lā e nā mea kūʻai aku, ʻike lākou i ka nalowale wikiwiki o ke anu, e koi ana i ka insulation he 20mm ka mānoanoa ma mua o nā ʻāpana hale. ʻAʻole wale nā ​​​​​​mahele wela nui aʻe e kū nei i nā hiʻohiʻona o waho akā ʻo ka lā pololei a me ka ʻike ʻana i ke aniau, e pono ai ka mānoanoa hou he 10-20mm. I ka ʻaoʻao ʻē aʻe, ʻo nā ʻāpana hale me ka pinepine wehe haʻahaʻa e pono ai he 50mm wale nō o ka insulation kiʻekiʻe. Hoʻopau pono ʻole ka mānoanoa nui i kahi mālama waiwai.

4. ʻOi aku ka maikaʻi o ka pale ʻana i nā "Thermal Bridge Effects" ma mua o ka hoʻomānoanoa ʻana

ʻAʻole hiki i kekahi mau keʻena hau kalima ke mālama i ke anu ʻoiai ua lawa ka mānoanoa ma muli o ka "thermal bridging." No ka laʻana, hana nā pale hao i hoʻolālā maikaʻi ʻole ʻia a i ʻole nā ​​​​gaskets puka e like me "nā puka i loko o kahi lole insulated," e ʻae ana i ka wela e pakele pololei. ʻO kēia ke kumu e hoʻohui ai kekahi mau mea hana i ka insulation hou aʻe ma nā hui metala—ʻoiai me ka insulation holoʻokoʻa lahilahi iki, ʻoi aku kā lākou hana ma mua o nā huahana insulated maikaʻi ʻole a mānoanoa.

III. Hiki i ke koho ʻana i ka mānoanoa kūpono ke mālama i nā kumukūʻai uila koʻikoʻi i kēlā me kēia makahiki

Hoʻopilikia pololei ka mānoanoa o ka insulation i nā bila uila. Hōʻike kahi ʻano hoʻoili wela maʻalahi i ke kumu: ua like ka nui o ka hoʻoili wela me ka mānoanoa. ʻO ka mānoanoa nui e paʻakikī ai ke komo ʻana o ka wela, e hōʻemi ana i ka pono no ka hoʻāla pinepine ʻana i ka ʻōnaehana hoʻomaʻalili a hoʻemi kūlohelohe i ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka ikehu.

E noʻonoʻo i kēia laʻana maoli: ʻO ka pahu hau kalima o kahi hale kūʻai me ka insulation 70mm i hoʻopau i 8 kWh i kēlā me kēia lā. Ma hope o ke pani ʻana me kahi pahu 90mm-mānoanoa o ke ʻano hoʻohālike like, ua hāʻule ka hoʻohana ʻana i kēlā me kēia lā i 5.5 kWh. Ma ka uku kūʻai o 1.2 yuan/kWh, ʻo ka mālama kālā makahiki he (8-5.5) × 365 × 1.2 = 1,095 yuan. Eia nō naʻe, e hoʻomaopopo ma mua o 100mm ka mānoanoa, emi iki ka mālama kālā ikehu. No ka laʻana, mālama wale kahi pahu 120mm i 0.3 kWh hou i kēlā me kēia lā i hoʻohālikelike ʻia me kahi kumu hoʻohālike 100mm, akā hoʻemi i ka hiki ke mālama ma 15%—e hana ana i mea kūʻē.

IV. ʻEkolu Manaʻo Kōkua e Pale aku ai i ka "Mānoanoa Hoʻopunipuni" a me ka "ʻOihana Hana Lima ʻOle"

Loaʻa i ka ʻoihana kāna mau hana hoʻopunipuni, e like me ke kau inoa ʻana i ka mānoanoa o 80mm akā hāʻawi wale i ka 60mm, a i ʻole e hoʻokō ana i nā kūlana mānoanoa me nā ʻano hana hoʻohua subpar. Eia nā nānā maʻalahi ʻekolu e ʻike ai i kēia mau pilikia me ka ʻole o nā mea hana kūikawā:

1. E kaupaona: No ka mana like, ʻoi aku ka hilinaʻi o nā ʻāpana kaumaha.

ʻOi aku ka nui o ka mānoanoa o ka huʻa PU kiʻekiʻe, e hoʻolilo ana i mea kaumaha. No ka laʻana, ʻelua mau keʻena hau kalima 153L: hiki i kahi kumu hoʻohālike premium ke kaupaona he 62 jin (ma kahi o 31.5 lbs), ʻoiai ʻo kahi kumu haʻahaʻa he 48 jin wale nō (ma kahi o 24.8 lbs). ʻO kēia kaumaha māmā e hōʻike ana i ka lawa ʻole o ka mānoanoa o ka huʻa a i ʻole ka emi ʻana o ka mānoanoa.

2. E nānā i ka hakahaka ma waena o ke sila a me ke kino o ke keʻena

ʻO nā ʻāpana sila ke "kī kōkua" i ka pale ʻana. Pono lākou e ʻoluʻolu ke kaomi ʻia a hana i kahi sila paʻa a ʻaʻohe hakahaka e kūʻē i ke keʻena i ka wā e pani ʻia ai. ʻO nā lua a i ʻole nā ​​​​puʻupuʻu ma nā kihi o ke keʻena e hōʻike ana i ka hoʻolaha huʻa like ʻole, e hōʻailona ana paha i nā hakahaka i loko o ka papa pale.

3. E nānā i ka mahana o ka ʻili: Ma hope o 2 mau hola o ka hana, ʻaʻole pono e hōʻike ka ʻili o ke keʻena i ka condensation a i ʻole ka wela nui.

Ma hope o 2 mau hola o ka hana, e hoʻopā i ka ʻaoʻao waho o ke keʻena. Inā ʻike ʻia ka condensation (ka hou ʻana) a i ʻole e wela loa ia, hōʻike kēia i ka pale maikaʻi ʻole—ʻo ka mānoanoa lawa ʻole a i ʻole nā ​​pilikia mea/hana ʻana. Ma lalo o nā kūlana maʻamau, pono ka mahana o ka ʻili o ke keʻena e kokoke i ka mahana ambient, me ka manaʻo iki he anuanu.

V. E hōʻoia i kēia mau kūlana e pale aku i nā huahana haʻahaʻa

Pono nā keʻena ʻaikalima kūpono e kūlike me nā kūlana kūpono, e like me GB 4706.1 "Palekana o nā Mea Hana Uila o ka Hale a me nā Mea Hana Uila like" a me T/CAR 12—2022 "Hoʻokaʻawale ʻana, nā Koina, a me nā Kūlana Hoʻāʻo no nā Hau Paʻahau ʻAikalima."

ʻOiai ʻaʻole koi kēia mau kūlana i nā mānoanoa kikoʻī, hoʻokau lākou i nā koi maopopo i ka hana insulation thermal. No ka laʻana, pono e haʻahaʻa ka coefficient hoʻoili wela (K-value) e hōʻoia i ka mahana kūloko like a me ka mālama pono ʻana i ka ikehu.

I ke kūʻai ʻana, e noi i ka mea kūʻai aku e hāʻawi i nā hōʻike hoʻāʻo. E kālele i ka "coefficient hoʻoili wela" a me ka "mānoanoa o ka foam o ka papa insulation." Inā kūlike kēia mau ana ʻelua i nā kūlana, i hui pū ʻia me nā pae mānoanoa i ʻōlelo ʻia ma mua, e pale nui ʻoe i nā pilikia.

Nā mea nui e lawe ʻia:Mai hoʻonohonoho pono i ka mānoanoa o ka insulation no nā keʻena hau kalima. E koho i 50-70mm no ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka home, 70-90mm no nā hoʻonohonoho pāʻoihana i loko, a me 90-150mm no nā noi waho/haʻahaʻa loa. E hoʻonohonoho i ka mānoanoa o ka huʻa PU a me ke kaʻina hana, a laila e hoʻoponopono ma muli o nā hiʻohiʻona hoʻohana. Hōʻoia kēia i ka insulation maikaʻi me ka ʻole o ka hoʻonele ʻana i ka wahi a i ʻole nā ​​​​kumukūʻai uila.