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Ihe ngosi friji 2025 Mbupu China Air vs ọnụ ahịa oke osimiri

Mgbe ị na-ebufe ihe ngosi refrigerated (ma ọ bụ ihe ngosi) site na China gaa n'ahịa ụwa, ịhọrọ n'etiti ibu ikuku na oke osimiri na-adabere na ọnụ ahịa, usoro iheomume, na nha ibu. Na 2025, yana ụkpụrụ gburugburu gburugburu IMO ọhụrụ yana ọnụ ahịa mmanụ ọkụ na-agbanwe, ịghọta nkọwa ọnụahịa na ngwa ngwa kachasị ọhụrụ dị oke mkpa maka azụmaahịa. Ntuziaka a na-akụda ọnụego 2025, nkọwa ụzọ, yana ndụmọdụ ndị ọkachamara maka ebe ndị isi.

ụgbọ elunjem ụgbọ mmiri

Ọnụ ahịa akọwapụtara site na China gaa na mpaghara dị iche iche gburugburu ụwa n'okpuru:

1. China na United States

(1) Ibu ụgbọ elu

Ọnụ ego: $4.25–$5.39 kwa n'arọ (100kg+). Oge kacha elu (Nọvemba–Dec) na-agbakwunye $1–$2/kg n'ihi ụkọ ikike.

Oge mbufe: ụbọchị 3–5 (ụgbọ elu ụgbọ elu Shanghai/Los Angeles).

Kachasị mma maka: Iwu ngwa ngwa (dịka ọmụmaatụ, oghere ụlọ oriri na ọṅụṅụ) ma ọ bụ obere batches (≤5 nkeji).

(2) Ibu ụgbọ mmiri (Containers Reefer)

20ft Reefer: $2,000–$4,000 gaa Los Angeles; $3,000–$5,000 gaa New York.

40ft High Cube Reefer: $3,000–$5,000 gaa Los Angeles; $4,000–$6,000 gaa New York.

Ihe mgbakwunye: Ụgwọ ọrụ refrigeration ($1,500–$2,500/akpa) + Ọrụ mbubata US (9% maka koodu HS 8418500000).

Oge mbufe: 18-25 ụbọchị (West Coast); 25–35 ụbọchị (East Coast).

Kachasị mma maka: Nnukwu iwu (nkeji 10+) nwere usoro oge na-agbanwe agbanwe.

2. China na Europe

Ibu ụgbọ elu

Ọnụ ego: $4.25–$4.59 kwa n'arọ (100kg+). Ụzọ Frankfurt/Paris kwụsiri ike.

Oge mbufe: 4–7 ụbọchị (ụgbọ elu ụgbọ elu Guangzhou/Amsterdam).

Ihe edeturu: EU ETS (Sistemụ Azụmahịa Emissions) na-agbakwunye ~ € 5/ton n'ụgwọ carbon.

Ibu ụgbọ mmiri (Container Reefer)

20ft Reefer: $1,920–$3,500 ruo Hamburg (Northern Europe); $3,500–$5,000 gaa Barcelona (Mediterranean).

40ft High Cube Reefer: $3,200–$5,000 ruo Hamburg; $ 5,000- $ 7,000 gaa Barcelona.

Ihe mgbakwunye: Ịkwụ ụgwọ mmanụ sulfur dị ala (LSS: $ 140 / akpa) n'ihi iwu IMO 2025.

Oge njem: 28-35 ụbọchị (Northern Europe); 32-40 ụbọchị (Mediterranean).

3. China na Ndịda Ebe Ọwụwa Anyanwụ Eshia

Ibu ụgbọ elu

Ọnụ ego: $2–$3 kwa kilogram (100kg+). Ọmụmaatụ: China→Vietnam ($2.1/kg); China →Thailand ($2.8/kg).

Oge mbufe: 1-3 ụbọchị (ụgbọ elu mpaghara).

Ibu ụgbọ mmiri (Container Reefer)

20ft Reefer: $800–$1,500 ruo Ho Chi Minh City (Vietnam); $1,200–$1,800 gaa Bangkok (Thailand).

Oge mbufe: 5-10 ụbọchị (ụzọ obere oge).

4. China gaa Africa

Ibu ụgbọ elu

Ọnụ ego: $5–$7 kwa n'arọ (100kg+). Ọmụmaatụ: China→Nigeria ($6.5/kg); China → South Africa ($ 5.2 / kg).

Ihe ịma aka: Mkpọchi ọdụ ụgbọ mmiri Lagos na-agbakwunye $300–$500 na ụgwọ igbu oge.

Ibu ụgbọ mmiri (Container Reefer)

Reefer 20ft: $3,500–$4,500 ruo Lagos (Nigeria); $3,200–$4,000 ruo Durban (South Africa).

Oge mbufe: 35-45 ụbọchị.

Isi ihe na-emetụta ọnụ ahịa 2025

1.Fuel akwụ ụgwọ

10% ịrị elu mmanụ ụgbọ elu na-abawanye ibu ikuku site na 5-8%; Mmanụ ụgbọ mmiri na-emetụta ọnụego oke osimiri dị obere mana nhọrọ sọlfọ dị ala na-eri 30% karịa.

2.Oge oge

Ọnụ ụgbọ elu ikuku n'oge Q4 (Black Friday, Christmas); ibu ụgbọ mmiri na-arị elu tupu afọ ọhụrụ ndị China (Jan-Feb).

3.Iwu

EU CBAM (Usoro mmezi nke oke ala carbon) na tarifụ igwe US ​​(ihe ruru 50%) na-agbakwunye 5–10% na ọnụ ahịa mkpokọta.

4. Ibu nkọwa

Ihe ngosi friji chọrọ mbupu na-achịkwa okpomọkụ (0-10°C). Enweghị nrubeisi nwere ihe egwu dị $200+ / hour.

Ndụmọdụ ndị ọkachamara maka ịchekwa ọnụ ahịa

(1) Mbupu Mbupu:

Maka obere iwu (nkeji 2-5), jiri LCL (ihe na-erughị ebu ibu) ibu mmiri iji belata ọnụ ahịa site na 30%.

(2) Kwalite nkwakọ ngwaahịa

Kwusaanụ ọnụ ụzọ / okpokolo agba enyo iji belata olu - na-echekwa 15-20% na ibu ikuku (ebubo ya site na ibu ibu: ogologo × obosara × ịdị elu / 6000).

(3) Ikike akwụkwọ tupu akwụkwọ

Chekwaa oghere oke osimiri/ikuku izu 4–6 tupu oge eruo n'oge kacha elu ka ịzena ọnụ ahịa adịchaghị.

(4) mkpuchi

Tinye "mkpuchi ngbanwe okpomọkụ" (0.2% nke uru ibu) iji chebe megide mmebi ma ọ bụ mmebi akụrụngwa.

Ajụjụ: Mbupu ihe ngosi friji sitere na China

Ajụjụ: Kedu akwụkwọ achọrọ maka kọstọm?

A: akwụkwọ ọnụahịa azụmaahịa, ndepụta nkwakọ ngwaahịa, asambodo CE / UL (maka EU / US), yana ndekọ okpomọkụ (chọrọ maka reefers).

Ajụjụ: Kedu ka esi edozi ngwongwo ndị mebiri emebi?

A: Nyochaa ibu na ọdụ ụgbọ mmiri na-ebupu ma tinye akwụkwọ n'ime ụbọchị 3 (ikuku) ma ọ bụ ụbọchị 7 (oké osimiri) nwere foto mmebi.

Ajụjụ: Ibu ụgbọ okporo ígwè bụ nhọrọ maka Europe?

A: Ee-China → Ụgbọ okporo ígwè Europe na-ewe ụbọchị 18-22, yana ọnụego ~ 30% dị ala karịa ikuku ma 50% dị elu karịa oké osimiri.

Maka 2025, ibu oké osimiri na-anọgide na-akwụ ụgwọ kacha mma maka mbupu ihe ngosi refrigerated nke ukwuu (na-echekwa 60%+ vs. ikuku), ebe ibu ikuku dabara ngwa ngwa, obere obere iwu. Jiri ntuziaka a tulee ụzọ, na-ebute ụgwọ ọrụ, ma mee atụmatụ n'ihu iji zere igbu oge kacha elu.


Oge nzipu: Ọgọst-05-2025 Nlele: