Mukutengeserana kuri kuramba kuchibudirira kwepasirese, bhizimusi rekunze remafiriji makuru rinowanzoitika. Kune mabhizinesi mazhinji anoita zvekutengesa kunze kwefiriji uye vatengi vane zvinodiwa zvekutenga, kunzwisisa nguva inodiwa kune hukuru-hwekutengesa kunze kwenyika dzakasiyana kwakakosha. Iyi nguva yakareba haingokanganisa kurongeka kweiyo ketani yekugovera asi zvakare ine hukama zvakanyanya nezvinhu zvakaita sebhizinesi kudzora mutengo uye kugutsikana kwevatengi. Tevere, isu tichaongorora zvakadzama zvinhu zvakakosha zvinokanganisa nguva yekufambisa yezvikuru - zvikero zvefiriji zvinotengeswa kunze kwenyika uye tozivisa zvakadzama nguva yakatarwa inodiwa yekutumira kune dzimwe nyika huru.
I. Zvinhu Zvikuru Zvinobata Nguva Yekufambisa Yemahombe - scale Refrigerator Exports
1.Kusiyana kwemaitiro ekufambisa
(1) Maritime shipping:
Iine mabhenefiti akakosha evhoriyamu hombe yekutakura uye mutengo wakaderera, asi kumhanya kwayo kwekufambisa kunononoka. Kazhinji, kune zvakajairika kutakura midziyo, kutanga kubva panguva iyo zvinhu zvinoiswa mungarava pachiteshi chekubva kusvika zvaburutswa pachiteshi chekuenda, kuita uku kunogona kutora mazuva gumi nemashanu - 45, zvichienderana nezvinhu zvakasiyana senge chinhambwe chiri pakati pechiteshi chekusimuka nechiteshi chekuenda, kubatikana kwenzira yekufambisa kunodiwa, uye kana nzira yekufambisa ichidiwa. Semuenzaniso, kana kutumira kubva kuChina kuenda kumhenderekedzo yekumadokero kweUnited States, pasi pemamiriro ezvinhu, nguva yekufambisa inenge 15 - 25 mazuva; kana kutakura kuenda kumhenderekedzo yekumabvazuva kweUnited States, nekuda kwechinhambwe chakareba uye chinokwanisika chinodiwa chekufambisa kuburikidza nePanama Canal, nguva yekufambisa ichawedzerwa kusvika ku25 - 35 mazuva.
(2) Kutakura mhepo
Chinhu chayo chikuru ndechekumhanya. Iyo inowanzo tsigira kutakurwa kwemafiriji madiki, asi hazvigoneke kune makuru - chiyero. Maitiro kubva panguva yaunzwa zvinhu kundege kusvika zvaburitswa panhandare yendege zvinongotora mazuva 1 - 7. Iyi isarudzo yakanakira vatengi vanoda zvinhu nekukurumidza kana kune mamwe maodha akakosha ane yakanyanyisa nguva inodiwa. Zvisinei, kutakura mhepo kunodhura, uye kune mafiriji makuru, akakura muhuwandu uye anorema muhuremu, ndege dzinogona kunge dziine zvimwe zvirambidzo maererano nekugadzirisa nzvimbo yekabhini. Semuyenzaniso, zvinogara zvichitora mazuva matatu - 5 kuenda kumhepo - kutakura mafiriji akakura kubva kuChina kuenda kuEurope, asi kana iri mwaka wepamusoro wekufambisa nendege kana paine mamiriro akakosha mukuita kweairport, nguva yekufambisa inogonawo kunonoka.
(3) Kutakurwa kwepasi
Pakati penyika dzakavakidzana kana mune mamwe matunhu ane ivhu rakazara - network yekufambisa, yekufambisa yepasi zvakare sarudzo yekutumira kunze kwezvinhu zvakakura. Kune mahombe - vhoriyamu mafiriji, rori yekutakura nyika inodiwa. Nguva yekufambisa yekufambisa kwenyika inosiyana zvichienderana nedaro uye mamiriro emugwagwa, kazhinji kutora anenge 1 - 10 mazuva. Semuenzaniso, kana kutakura mafiriji makuru kubva kuChina kuenda kune dzimwe nyika dzeSoutheast Asia nemugwagwa kana njanji, kana nzira yekufambisa yakatsetseka, zvinogona kungotora 3 - 5 mazuva kuti usvike. Nekudaro, kana paine kuomesesa nzira dzekubvisa muganhu, kugadzirwa kwemigwagwa, nezvimwewo, nguva yekufambisa inogona kuwedzerwa zvakanyanya.
2.Customs clearance kunyatsoshanda kwenyika yekuenda
Nyika dzakabudirira: Munyika dzakabudirira dzakaita seUnited States, United Kingdom, neGermany, nzira yekuregererwa kwetsika ine mwero uye inoshanda. Kazhinji, pasi pemamiriro emagwaro akazara uye zviziviso zvakarurama, nguva yekuregererwa kwetsika yegungwa - kutakura zvinhu zvinowanzova 2 - 5 mazuva ekushanda, uye iyo yemhepo - kutakura zvinhu ndeye 1 - 3 mazuva ekushanda. Tichitora United States semuenzaniso, kune gungwa - zvinhu zvekutakura, zvinowanzotora 2 - 5 mazuva ekushanda kubva pakutumirwa kwemagwaro akazara kuti asunungurwe; kumhepo - zvinhu zvekutakura, zvinowanzotora 1 - 3 mazuva ekushanda kuti apedze kubviswa kwetsika. Nekudaro, kana paine zvikanganiso kana kusanzwisisika mune yekuzivisa ruzivo rwezvinhu, kana kana zvinhu zvikaongororwa zvisina tsarukano netsika uyezve kuongororwa kunodiwa, nguva yekubvumidzwa kwetsika ichawedzerwa zvakafanana, ingangosvika 7 - 10 mazuva kana kutopfuura.
Nyika dzichiri kusimukira: Nekuda kwezvikonzero zvakaita setsika dzisina kukwana uye zvivakwa zvisina kusimba munyika dzichiri kusimukira, kugona kubviswa kwetsika kungave kwakadzikira. Nguva yekuregererwa kwetsika inogona kutora mazuva 3 - 10, uye mune zvimwe zviitiko, inogona kudarika mazuva gumi. Semuenzaniso, mune dzimwe nyika dzeAfrica, tsika dzetsika dzakaoma, kuongororwa kwemagwaro kwakaoma, uye panogona kunge kune matambudziko akadai sekushaya simba kwevashandi, zvichiita kuti zvinhu zvigare kwenguva refu patsika. Pamusoro pezvo, mitemo yetsika dzedzimwe nyika dzichiri kusimukira inogona kunge isina kugadzikana uye inogona kugadziridzwa chero nguva, izvo zvinounzawo kusavimbika kubasa rekubvisa tsika uye kuwedzera nguva yekufambisa.
4.Impact yenguva dzakakosha uye njodzi
Mazororo:Munguva yemamwe mazororo akakosha, kushanda zvakanaka kwezvose zviri zviviri zvekutakura zvinhu uye kubvumidzwa kwetsika munyika yekubva uye nyika yekuenda kunokanganiswa. Semuenzaniso, panguva yezororo rekuMadokero seKisimusi neGore Idzva, pamwe neMutambo weChirimo muChina, panguva idzi, vashandi vemakambani ezvekutengesa vanotora zororo, uye maawa ekushanda etsika anogadziridzwawo zvinoenderana, zvichikonzera kudzikira kwekufambisa uye kubvumidzwa kwetsika kwezvinhu. Zvinowanzokurudzirwa kuronga kutengesa kunze kwenyika mavhiki maviri - 3 pamberi pepamusoro pemazororo aya kudzivirira kunonoka kwakanyanya munguva yekufambisa.
Kugadziriswa kwemitemo yekutengesa:Kuchinja kwemitemo yekutengeserana kwenyika dzakasiyana-siyana kune kukanganisa kwakananga panguva yekufambisa kwemahombe - mafiriji anotengeswa kunze kwenyika. Kana nyika yekuenda ichiunza marongero matsva ekutengeserana, akadai sekuwedzera mitero kana kuwedzera zvirambidzo kunze kwenyika, mabhizinesi anoda nguva yekugadzirisa uye kugadzirisa magwaro ekuzivisa uye maitiro, izvo zvinogona kutungamira mukuwedzerwa kwenguva yekubvumidzwa kwetsika. Semuyenzaniso, kana nyika ikaerekana yashandisa simba idzva - kunyatsoshanda chiyero chetifiketi zvinodiwa kune mafiriji anotengeswa kunze kwenyika, bhizinesi rinotumira kunze rinoda kugadzirira zvakare zvitupa zvechitupa, uye tsika dzinodawo kuongorora zvinhu izvi, izvo pasina mubvunzo zvichawedzera mutengo wenguva yekubvumidzwa kwetsika.
Force majeure factors:Kuitika kwesimba majeure zvinhu zvakaita senjodzi dzinongoitika dzoga, hondo, uye zviitiko zvehutano hweveruzhinji zvichakanganisa zvakanyanya kutakurwa kwezvinhu zvepasirese. Semuenzaniso, dutu remhepo rinongoerekana raitika rinogona kukonzera kuvharwa kwechiteshi chezvikepe kwemazuva akawanda, zvichiita kuti zvibvirire kutakura nekudzikisa zvinhu panguva; kukakavara kwedunhu kunogona kukanganisa kuchengetedzwa kwenzira yekufambisa, kumanikidza mabhizinesi ekugadzirisa zvinhu kuti achinje nzira yekufambisa, nekudaro kuwedzera nguva yekufambisa.
II. Inenge Nguva Inodiwa Kutumira kunze Huru - chiyero cheFiriji Equipment (mafiriji, maFreezer) kune Nyika huru
1.Export kuUnited States
Maritime shipping:Kana uchibva kune zviteshi zvikuru zveChinese kuenda kuzviteshi kumahombekombe ekumadokero kweUnited States, seLos Angeles neLong Beach, pasi pemamiriro ekufambisa kwakatsetseka uye pasina kufunga nezvenguva yekubvisa tsika, gungwa - nguva yekufambisa ingangoita 15 - 20 mazuva. Kuwedzera iyo yakajairwa tsika yekubvumidza nguva ye2 - 5 mazuva ekushanda muUnited States, nguva yese yekufambisa ingangoita 18 - 25 mazuva. Kana kuendesa kune zviteshi kumahombekombe ekumabvazuva kweUnited States, senge New York neNew Jersey, nekuda kwehurefu hwekufambisa chinhambwe uye kudikanwa kunobvira kwekufamba nemuPanama Canal, gungwa - nguva yekufambisa inowanzova 25 - 35 mazuva. Kuwedzera iyo tsika yekubvumidza nguva, iyo yakazara yekufambisa nguva ingangoita 28 - 40 mazuva.
Kutakura nendege:Kubva panhandare huru dzendege dzeChinese kuenda kunhandare huru dzendege muUnited States, dzakaita saJohn F. Kennedy Airport muNew York neLos Angeles International Airport, nguva yekubhururuka kazhinji inenge 12 - 15 maawa. Kuwedzera nguva yekushanda kwezvinhu kumativi ose enhandare yendege uye nguva yekuregererwa kwetsika (1 - 3 mazuva ekushanda), nguva yose yekufambisa inenge mazuva matatu - 5. Zvisinei, kana iri mwaka wepamusoro-soro wekufambisa kwemhepo uye nzvimbo yekabhini yakaoma, zvinhu zvingada kumira mumutsara kuti zvitakurwe, uye nguva yekufambisa inogona kuwedzerwa kusvika kumazuva mashanu - 7.
2.Export kuUnited Kingdom
Maritime shipping:Kutumira zvinhu kubva kuChinese zviteshi kuenda kuBritish zviteshi, seSouthampton neFelixstowe, gungwa - nguva yekufambisa inowanzove mazuva makumi maviri neshanu - 35. Kubudirira kwemaitiro ekubvisa tsika dzeUK tsika dzakakwirira. Pasi pemamiriro ezvinyorwa zvakakwana uye zviziviso zvakarurama, nguva yekuregererwa kwetsika inowanzova 2 - 4 mazuva ekushanda. Naizvozvo, iyo yakazara nguva yekufambisa yekutumira kunze kubva kuChina kuenda kuUK negungwa ingangoita 28 - 40 mazuva. Vamwe vanopa mabasa ehunyanzvi, seFengge International Logistics, vanopa gungwa reUK - kutakura zvinhu LCL masevhisi ekutumira mahombe - machira emidziyo nezvimwe zvinhu, zvine mbiri - clearance, mutero - inosanganisirwa, uye musuwo - kuenda - kumasuwo, uye nguva yekuendesa ndeye 20 - 25 mazuva. Vanopfupisa nguva yekufambisa kusvika pamwero wakati nekugadzirisa nzira yekufambisa uye kunyatsoshanda nemakambani ekutumira.
Kutakura nendege:Kubva kuChina kuenda kunhandare huru dzendege muUK, dzakadai seLondon Heathrow Airport, nguva yekubhururuka ingangoita 10 - 12 maawa. Kuwedzera kushanda kwenhandare yendege uye nguva yekuregererwa kwetsika (1 - 3 mazuva ekushanda), nguva yose yekufambisa ingangoita 3 - 5 mazuva. Zvakafanana nekutakura zvinhu mugungwa, kutakurwa kwemhepo kunogonawo kuwana nzvimbo yakasimba yekabhini uye yakawedzerwa nguva yekufambisa mukati memwaka wepamusoro.
3.Export kuCanada
Maritime shipping:Zvekutakura zvinhu mugungwa kubva kuChina kuenda kuCanada, kana kutakura kuenda kumadokero - zviteshi zvemahombekombe zvakaita seVancouver, gungwa - nguva yekufambisa inowanzoita mazuva makumi maviri - makumi matatu. Iyo tsika yekubvisa tsika yeCanadian tsika yakaenzana, uye yakajairwa tsika yekubvumidza nguva ndeye 2 - 5 mazuva ekushanda. Saka nguva yose yekufambisa inenge 23 - 35 mazuva. Kana kutakura kuenda kumabvazuva - maguta emahombekombe akadai seToronto neMontreal, nekuda kwekuwedzera kwechinhambwe chekufambisa uye mukana wekufambisa, gungwa - nguva yekufambisa ichawedzerwa kusvika kumazuva makumi matatu - 40. Kuwedzera iyo tsika yekubvumidza nguva, iyo yakazara yekufambisa nguva ingangoita 33 - 45 mazuva. Mimwe mitsetse yakakosha, senge imba - gungwa remidziyo - tambo yekutakura kuenda kuCanada, inogona kuendesa mafiriji nezvimwe midziyo yemumba kuVancouver mumazuva makumi matatu, uye zvinotora mazuva makumi matatu neshanu - makumi mana nemashanu kumaguta akadai seToronto neMontreal. Ivo zvakare vanopa CBSA kaviri - tsika - mvumo uye mutero - inosanganisirwa musuwo - kune - misuwo masevhisi, anofukidza maguta makuru akadai seCalgary neOttawa.
Kutakura nendege:Kubva kuChina kuenda kunhandare huru dzendege muCanada, dzakadai seToronto Pearson International Airport uye Vancouver International Airport, nguva yekubhururuka ingangoita maawa gumi nemaviri - gumi nemashanu. Kuwedzera kushanda kwenhandare yendege uye nguva yekuregererwa kwetsika (1 - 3 mazuva ekushanda), nguva yose yekufambisa ingangoita 3 - 5 mazuva. Asi kukanganisa kwemwaka wepamusoro wekufambisa kuchiri kufanira kucherechedzwa.
4.Export kuAustralia
Maritime shipping: Kutakura kubva kuChinese zviteshi kuenda kuzviteshi zvikuru zveAustralia, seSydney neMelbourne, gungwa - nguva yekufambisa kazhinji 15 - 25 mazuva. Tsika dzeAustralia dzine kuomesesa kuongorora uye kuvharirwa zvinhu zvinotengeswa kunze kwenyika, uye nguva yekubvumidzwa kwetsika kazhinji 3 - 7 mazuva ekushanda. Naizvozvo, iyo yakazara nguva yekufambisa yekuendesa kunze kwenyika kuAustralia negungwa ingangoita 18 - 32 mazuva. Munguva yekufambisa, zvinhu zvinoda kusangana neakakodzera zvigadzirwa zviyero uye kuchengetedzwa kwezvakatipoteredza zvinodiwa zveAustralia; zvikasadaro, vangatarisana nezvipingamupinyi zvekubuda mutsika, zvichiwedzera nguva yekufambisa.
Kutakura nendege: Kubva kunhandare dzendege dzeChinese huru kuenda kunhandare huru dzendege muAustralia, nguva yekubhururuka ingangoita 8 - 10 maawa. Kuwedzera kushanda kwenhandare yendege uye nguva yekuregererwa kwetsika (1 - 3 mazuva ekushanda), nguva yose yekufambisa ingangoita 3 - 5 mazuva. Zvakafanana nedzimwe nyika, kunyange hazvo kutakura zvinhu nendege kuine nguva yakakwira, mutengo wacho wakatokwirawo, uye mabhizinesi anofanirwa kuita sarudzo maererano nezvaanoda.
5.Export kune dzimwe nyika uye nzvimbo
(1) Tumira kunze kune dzimwe nyika dzeEurope:
Tichitora Germany semuenzaniso, wekutakura zvinhu mugungwa kubva kuChina kuenda kuGerman zviteshi, seHamburg neBremen, gungwa - nguva yekufambisa kazhinji 25 - 35 mazuva, uye nguva yekubvumidza yetsika i2 - 5 mazuva ekushanda. Nguva yose yekufambisa inenge 28 - 40 mazuva. Kana ikatakurwa nechitima, kubva kune dzimwe zviteshi zvekutanga zveChina - Europe zvitima zvekutakura muChina kuenda kuGermany, nguva yekufambisa ingangoita mazuva gumi nemaviri - gumi nemasere. Nekudaro, huwandu hwekutakura njanji hushoma, uye chirongwa chekufambisa chinogona kukanganiswa nezvinhu zvakaita sekugadzirisa mitsara uye kuronga. Mhepo - nguva yekutakura kuenda kuGermany yakafanana neyedzimwe nyika dzeEurope, anenge 3 - 5 mazuva.
(2) Tumira kunze kune dzimwe nyika dzeAsia:
Kana uchitumira kunze kwenyika kuJapan, zvekutakura zvinhu mugungwa kubva kuChinese zviteshi zvezviteshi zveJapan zvakakura, seTokyo neOsaka, nguva yekufambisa yegungwa kazhinji 3 - 7 mazuva, uye nguva yekubvumidzwa kwetsika i1 - 3 mazuva ekushanda. Nguva yose yekufambisa inenge 4 - 10 mazuva. Mamiriro ekutumira kunze kuSouth Korea akafanana. Gungwa - nguva yekufambisa inowanzova 2 - 5 mazuva, uye nguva yekuregererwa kwetsika ndeye 1 - 3 mazuva ekushanda. Nguva yose yekufambisa inenge 3 - 8 mazuva. Nyika mbiri idzi dziri padyo neChina, saka nguva yekufambisa ipfupi, uye hurongwa hwekutakura zvinhu hwakakura, uye nekufamba kwenguva. Kana uchitumira kune dzimwe nyika dzeAsia dzakadai seIndia, gungwa - nguva yekufambisa inogona kunge inenge 10 - 20 mazuva, uye nekuda kwekuoma kwemaitiro eIndia tsika, nguva yekuregererwa kwetsika inogona kutora 3 - 10 mazuva. Nguva yose yekufambisa inenge 13 - 30 mazuva.
(3) Tumira kunze kunyika dzeAfrica:
Nekuda kwekusiyana kukuru kwezvivakwa nemamiriro ezvinhu pakati penyika dzeAfrica, nguva yekufambisa zvakare inosiyana zvakanyanya. Tichitora South Africa semuenzaniso, wekutakura zvinhu mugungwa kubva kuChina kuenda kuzviteshi zvikuru zveSouth Africa, seDurban neCape Town, gungwa - nguva yekufambisa inowanzoita 30 - 45 mazuva, uye nguva yekubvisa tsika inogona kutora 5 - 10 mazuva kana kutopfuura. Nguva yose yekufambisa inenge 35 - 55 mazuva. Kune imwe nyika - nyika dzakakiyiwa, nekuda kwekudiwa kwechipiri chekufambisa nemugwagwa kana njanji, nguva yekufambisa ichave yakareba, uye pane zvimwe zvinhu zvisina chokwadi panguva yekufambisa.
Iyo nguva inodiwa kune yakakura-yezvifambiso kutumira kunze kwenyika kune dzakasiyana-siyana inokanganiswa zvakanyanya nezvinhu zvakasiyana, zvinosanganisira nzira dzekufambisa, kugona kwetsika yekubvisa nyika yekuenda, uye nguva dzakakosha uye emergency. Paunenge uchironga bhizinesi rekutengesa kunze kwefiriji yakakura, mabhizinesi anofanirwa kufunga nezvezvinhu izvi zvizere, kusarudza zvine musoro nzira yekufambisa, uye kunyatsoshanda pamwe nehunyanzvi hwekuita sevhisi sevhisi kuti ive nechokwadi chekuti zvinhu zvinosvika kunzvimbo yacho nenguva uye zvakachengeteka. Panguva imwecheteyo, vanofanira kunyatsocherechedza kuchinja kwemitemo yekutengeserana kwenyika dzakasiyana-siyana uye kushanduka kwemusika wepasi rose wekutengesa zvinhu, uye kutora matanho ekudzivirira mberi kuderedza njodzi dzinounzwa nekuwedzera kwenguva yekufambisa. Kune vatengi vane zvinodiwa zvekukurumidzira, kunyangwe kutakura kwemhepo kunodhura, kunogona kuzadzisa zvavanoda kuti zvienderane nenguva; nepo kune akawanda enguva dzose maodha, kutakura zvinhu mugungwa isarudzo iri nani yekuenzanisa mutengo uye nguva yekufambisa.
Nguva yekutumira: Aug-08-2025 Views: