Nzira yekugadzirisa sei kutonhora kusina kukwana mumafiriji ekutengeserana akamira?

Mafiriji ekutengeserana akamira zvakanaka ndiwo midziyo mikuru yekutonhodza mumaindasitiri akadai sekubika, kutengesa, uye hutano. Kushanda kwawo pakutonhodza kunokanganisa zvakananga kutsva kwezvinoshandiswa, kugadzikana kwemishonga, uye mari yekushandisa. Kusatonhodza kwakakwana—kunoratidzwa nekupisa kwemakabati kuri 5℃ kana kupfuura kupfuura kukosha kwakatemwa, mutsauko wekupisa kwenzvimbo unodarika 3℃, kana kunonoka kukuru kwekutonhodza—hazvingokonzere kungoora kwezvinoshandiswa uye kuraswa asiwo zvinomanikidza macompressor kushanda pasi pekuwanda kwenguva refu, zvichikonzera kuwedzera kwe30% mukushandiswa kwesimba.

1. Kusakwana kwekutonhodza mumafiriji ebhizinesi: Kuongorora Matambudziko uye Kukanganisa Kwazvinoita Mukushanda

Nyanzvi dzekutenga dzinofanira kutanga dzaona zviratidzo nezvikonzero zvekusakwana kwekutonhodza kuti dzisagadziriswe zvisina kujeka kana kutsiviwa kwemichina, izvo zvinozoguma nekurasikirwa nemari isingakoshi.

1.1 Zviratidzo Zvikuru uye Njodzi Dzekushanda

Zviratidzo zvinowanzoonekwa zvekusatonhodza zvakakwana zvinosanganisira: ① Kana tembiricha yakatarwa iri -18℃, tembiricha chaiyo yekabati inogona kungodzikira kusvika -10℃ kana kupfuura, nekuchinja-chinja kunodarika ±2℃; ② Musiyano wetembiricha pakati pezvikamu zvepamusoro nepazasi unodarika 5℃ (mafiriji akamira anowanzova nematambudziko "epamusoro anodziya, anotonhorera" nekuda kwekunyura kwemhepo inotonhora); ③ Mushure mekuwedzera zvinhu zvitsva, nguva yekutonhodza kusvika patembiricha yakatarwa inodarika maawa mana (nguva yakajairika maawa maviri kusvika matatu). Matambudziko aya anotungamira zvakananga ku:

• Indasitiri yezvekudya: Kudzikira kwe50% muhupenyu hwezvinhu zvitsva, zvichiwedzera njodzi yekukura kwebhakitiriya uye njodzi dzekuchengetedza chikafu;
• Indasitiri yekutengesa: Kupfava uye kuchinja kwezvikafu zvakachengetwa mufiriji, mwero wepamusoro wekunyunyuta kwevatengi, uye mwero wemarara asina kutengeswa unodarika 8%;
• Indasitiri yehutano: Kuderera kwebasa rezvinhu zvipenyu nemajekiseni, zvichitadza kuzadzisa zvinodiwa zveGSP.

1.2 Kuferefeta Chikonzero Chakakosha: Zviyero zvina kubva paMidziyo kusvika kuNzvimbo

Nyanzvi dzekutenga zvinhu dzinogona kuferefeta zvikonzero nenzira inotevera kuti dzisapotsa zvinhu zvikuru:

1.2.1 Kukundikana kweChikamu Chepakati Chemidziyo (60% yeMatambudziko)

① Kuvharika kwechando mu evaporator: Mafiriji mazhinji ekutengeserana akamira akatonhodzwa nemhepo. Kana chando chiri pamafins e evaporator chikapfuura 5mm muukobvu, chinovhara kutenderera kwemhepo inotonhora, zvichideredza kushanda kwekutonhodza ne40% (zvinowanzoitika mumamiriro ezvinhu ane magonhi akawanda uye hunyoro hwakawanda); ② Kudzikira kwekushanda kwe compressor: Ma compressor anoshandiswa kwemakore anopfuura mashanu anogona kudzikira ne20% mukumanikidzwa kwekubuda, zvichikonzera kusakwana kwekutonhodza; ③ Kubuda kwe refrigerant: Kukwegura kana kukuvara kunokonzerwa nekudengenyeka kwema welds epaipi kunogona kukonzera kubuda kwe refrigerant (semuenzaniso, R404A, R600a), zvichikonzera kurasikirwa kamwe kamwe kwekukwanisa kutonhodza.

1.2.2 Zvikanganiso zveMagadzirirwo (20% yeZviitiko)

Mamwe mafiriji akamira pasi ane zvikanganiso zve "single evaporator + single fan": ① Mhepo inotonhora inongofuridzwa kubva panzvimbo imwe chete kumashure, zvichikonzera kutenderera kwemhepo kusina kuenzana mukati mekabati, tembiricha yepamusoro iri 6-8℃ yakakwira kupfuura yepasi; ② Nzvimbo isina kukwana ye evaporator (semuenzaniso, nzvimbo ye evaporator iri pasi pe 0.8㎡ yemafiriji e1000L) haikwanise kuzadzisa zvinodiwa zvekutonhodza zvakakura.

1.2.3 Kukanganiswa Kwezvakatipoteredza (15% yezviitiko)

① Tembiricha yakakwira zvakanyanya: Kuisa firiji pedyo nezvitofu zvekicheni kana munzvimbo dzekunze dzine tembiricha yepamusoro (tembiricha yakapoteredza inodarika 35℃) kunodzivisa kupararira kwekupisa kwecompressor, zvichideredza kugona kutonhora ne15%-20%; ② Kufefetera kusina kunaka: Kana daro riri pakati pefiriji kumashure nemadziro riri pasi pe15cm, condenser haigone kubvisa kupisa zvinobudirira, zvichikonzera kuwedzera kwekumanikidzwa kwekudziya; ③ Kuzadza zvakanyanya: Kuwedzera zvinhu zvetembiricha yekamuri zvinodarika 30% yesimba refiriji panguva imwe chete kunoita kuti compressor isakwanise kutonhora nekukurumidza.

1.2.4 Kushanda Kwevanhu Zvisina Kufanira (5% Yezviitiko)

Mienzaniso inosanganisira kuvhurika kwemagonhi kakawanda (kanopfuura ka50 pazuva), kunonoka kutsiviwa kwemagasket emagonhi ekukwegura (zvichikonzera kubuda kwemhepo inotonhora kupfuura 10%), uye zvinhu zvakawandisa zvinovhara nzira dzemhepo dzinobuda nadzo (zvichidzivisa kutenderera kwemhepo inotonhora).

2. Mhinduro Dzepamusoro Dzehunyanzvi Dzekutonhodza Dzisina Kukwana: Kubva Pakugadzirisa Kusvika Pakuvandudza

Zvichienderana nezvikonzero zvakasiyana-siyana, nyanzvi dzekutenga dzinogona kusarudza mhinduro dze "kugadzirisa nekugadzirisa" kana "kuvandudza tekinoroji", dzichiisa pamberi nzira dzekushandisa mari zvakanaka uye kugadzikana kwenguva refu.

2.1 MaEvaporator maviri + Mafeni maviri: Mhinduro Yakanakisisa yeMafiriji Akakura Akamira

Mhinduro iyi inogadzirisa "zvikanganiso zvekugadzirwa kwe evaporator imwe chete" uye "zvinodiwa zvekutonhodza zvine simba guru," zvichiita kuti ive sarudzo huru kune nyanzvi dzekutenga pavanenge vachivandudza kana kutsiva michina. Yakakodzera mafiriji ekutengeserana anomira pamusoro pe1200L (semuenzaniso, mafiriji esupamaketi, mafiriji ekicheni ari pakati pekubika).

2.1.1 Nheyo dzemhinduro uye zvakanakira

Dhizaini ye "evaporators mbiri dzepamusoro-pasi + mafeni maviri akazvimiririra": ① Evaporator yepamusoro inotonhodza chikamu chimwe chete kubva muzvitatu chekabhineti, nepo evaporator yepasi ichitonhodza chikamu chimwe chete kubva muzvitatu zvepasi. Mafeni akazvimiririra anodzora mafambiro emhepo, zvichideredza mutsauko wekupisa kwekabhineti kusvika ± 1℃; ② Nzvimbo yese yekupisa ye evaporators mbiri yakakura ne60% kupfuura ye evaporator imwe chete (semuenzaniso, 1.5㎡ ye evaporators mbiri mu 1500L mafiriji), inowedzera kugona kwekutonhodza ne35% uye kukurumidza kukurumidza kwekutonhodza ne40%; ③ Kudzora kwedunhu remaviri kwakazvimirira kunoita kuti kana evaporator imwe ikatadza, imwe inogona kuchengetedza kutonhora kwenguva pfupi, ichidzivirira kudzimwa kwemidziyo yese.

2.1.2 Mari Yekutenga uye Nguva Yekubhadhara

Mari yekutenga mafiriji akamira ane ma evaporator maviri yakakwira ne15%-25% kupfuura yemamodheru e single-evaporator (semuenzaniso, angangoita RMB 8,000 ye 1500L single-evaporator model zvichienzaniswa ne RMB 9,500-10,000 ye dual-evaporator model). Zvisinei, kudzoka kwenguva refu kwakakosha: ① 20% kuderedzwa kwesimba rinoshandiswa (kuchengetedza magetsi angangoita 800 kWh pagore, zvakaenzana neRMB 640 mumitengo yemagetsi zvichibva pamutengo wemagetsi eindasitiri weRMB 0.8/kWh); ② kudzikiswa kwe6%-8% muhuwandu hwemarara emidziyo, kuderedza mari yemarara pagore neinopfuura RMB 2,000; ③ kudzikiswa kwe30% kwe compressor failure rate, kuwedzera hupenyu hwebasa remuchina nemakore 2-3 (kubva pamakore masere kusvika kumakore 10-11). Nguva yekubhadhara inenge makore 1.5-2.

2.2 Kuvandudza nekuchengetedza Single Evaporator: Sarudzo Inoshanda Mari Yekushandisa Midziyo Midiki

Kune mafiriji akamira ari pasi pe1000L (semuenzaniso, mafiriji madiki muzvitoro zvinotengesa zvinhu) ane hupenyu hwekushanda husingasviki makore mashanu, mhinduro dzinotevera dzinogona kugadzirisa kutonhora kusina kukwana asi zvinodhura 1/5 kusvika 1/3 chete yekutsiva mudziyo wese.

2.2.1 Kuchenesa uye Kugadzirisa Evaporator

① Kubvisa chando: Shandisa "kupisa mhepo inopisa" (dzima michina uye bvisa mafin evaporator uchishandisa chinhu chinofefetera mweya unopisa chiri pasi pe50℃) kana "zvinhu zvinofefetera chikafu" (kudzivirira ngura). Mushure mekubvisa chando, kushanda zvakanaka kwekutonhodza kunogona kudzoserwa kusvika pamusoro pe90%; ② Kuwedzera kweEvaporator: Kana nzvimbo yekutanga yeEvaporator isina kukwana, isa vagadziri vane hunyanzvi kuti vawedzere mafin (kuwedzera nzvimbo yekuparadza kupisa ne20%-30) pamutengo weinenge RMB 500-800.

2.2.2 Kugadzirisa Compressor neRefrigerant

① Kuedza mashandiro ecompressor: Shandisa pressure gauge kuti utarise pressure yekubuda (pressure yakajairwa yekubuda kweR404A refrigerant i1.8-2.2MPa). Kana pressure isina kukwana, chinja compressor capacitor (mutengo: inenge RMB 100-200) kana kugadzirisa mavharuvhu; kana compressor yakwegura (yakashandiswa kwemakore anopfuura 8), itsive necompressor ine zita rekuti ine simba rakafanana (semuenzaniso, Danfoss, Embraco) pamutengo weinenge RMB 1,500-2,000; ② Kuzadza refrigerant: Kutanga tarisa nzvimbo dzinobuda (isa mvura ine sipo kumajoini emapaipi), wozozadza refrigerant zvichienderana nezvinodiwa (inenge 1.2-1.5kg yeR404A yemafiriji e1000L) pamutengo weinenge RMB 300-500.

2.3 Kudzora Kupisa Kwakangwara uye Kugadzirisa Kufamba Kwemhepo: Kuvandudza Kugadzikana Kwekutonhodza

Mhinduro iyi inogona kushandiswa pamwe chete nemhinduro mbiri dzataurwa pamusoro apa. Kuburikidza nekuvandudzwa kwehunyanzvi, inoderedza kupindira kwevanhu uye yakakodzera kuti nyanzvi dzekutenga dzi "gadzirise nekuchenjera" michina iripo.

2.3.1 Sisitimu Yekudzora Kupisa KwemaProbe Aviri

Tsiva thermostat yekutanga ine probe imwe chete ne "dual-probe system" (yakaiswa pa 1/3 yekukwirira kwezvikamu zvepamusoro nepazasi zvichiteerana) kuti iongorore musiyano wekupisa kwekabati munguva chaiyo. Kana musiyano wekupisa ukadarika 2℃, inogadzirisa otomatiki kumhanya kwefeni (ichikurumidzisa fan yepamusoro uye ichideredza kufambisa kwefeni yepasi), ichivandudza kufanana kwekupisa ne40% pamutengo weinenge RMB 300-500.

2.3.2 Kugadziriswa kweAir Outlet Deflector

Isa maplate ekubvisa deflector (zvinhu zvePP zvemhando yepamusoro) mukati mefiriji yakamira kuti itungamirire mhepo inotonhora kubva kumashure kuenda kumativi ese, kudzivirira "nzvimbo inodziya yepamusoro, inotonhorera" inokonzerwa nekunyura kwemhepo inotonhora zvakananga. Mushure mekugadzirisa, tembiricha yepamusoro inogona kuderedzwa ne3-4℃ pamutengo weRMB 100-200 chete.

3. Kugadzirisa Zvisiri Zvehunyanzvi: Maitiro Ekutarisira Akaderera eVanotenga Zvinhu

Kunze kwekugadzirisa michina, nyanzvi dzekutenga dzinogona kugadzirisa mashandisirwo nekuchengetedzwa kwayo kuti dzideredze kutonhora kusina kukwana uye kuwedzera hupenyu hwekushanda kwemidziyo.

3.1 Maitiro Ekushandisa Zuva Nezuva: Maitiro Matatu Akakosha

① Dzora nguva yekuvhurwa kwegonhi uye nguva yaro: Deredza kuvhurwa kwegonhi kusvika ku ≤30 pazuva uye nguva yekuvhurwa kamwe chete kusvika ku ≤30 masekondi; isa zviyeuchidzo zve "kukurumidza kutora" pedyo nefiriji; ② Kuchengeta zvinhu zvakakodzera: Tevedzera musimboti wekuti "zvinhu zvakareruka pamusoro, zvinhu zvinorema pasi; zvinhu zvishoma pamberi, zvakawanda kumashure," kuchengetedza zvinoshandiswa ≥10cm kure nemhepo inobuda kuti usavhare kutenderera kwemhepo inotonhora; ③ Kudzora tembiricha yenzvimbo: Isa firiji munzvimbo ine mhepo inofefetera ine tembiricha yenzvimbo ≤25℃, kure nezvinodziya (semuenzaniso, maovheni, mahita), uye chengetedza chinhambwe che ≥20cm pakati pefiriji kumashure nemadziro.

3.2 Hurongwa Hwekugadzirisa Hwakajairika: Rondedzero Yekuongorora Yekota/Yegore

Nyanzvi dzezvekutenga zvinhu dzinogona kugadzira runyorwa rwezvekugadzirisa zvinhu uye kupa vashandi vekugadzirisa zvinhu kuti vazviite, vachiona kuti hapana matanho akakosha anosara:

4. Kudzivirira Kutenga: Kudzivirira Njodzi Dzisina Kukwana Dzekutonhodza Munguva Yekusarudza

Pakutenga mafiriji matsva ekutengeserana akamira, nyanzvi dzekutenga dzinogona kutarisa pane zvinhu zvitatu zvakakosha kudzivirira kutonhora kwakakwana kubva kwazvinotangira uye kuderedza mari yekuchinja inotevera.

4.1 Sarudza Magadzirirwo Ekutonhodza Zvichibva pa "Capacity + Application"

① Nzvimbo diki (≤800L, semuenzaniso, zvitoro zvekutengesa zvinhu): "Evaporator imwe chete + mafeni maviri" ekusarudza kuti mutengo uye kufanana zvienzane; ② Nzvimbo iri pakati nepakati kusvika kune yakakura (≥1000L, semuenzaniso, catering/supermarket): Unofanira kusarudza "evaporator mbiri + macircuits maviri" kuti uve nechokwadi chekuti inotonhodza uye tembiricha inodzorwa; ③ Mashandisirwo akakosha (semuenzaniso, kuomesa nechando kwechiremba, kuchengetera ice cream): Chimwe chinodiwa che "basa rekubhadhara tembiricha yakaderera" (rinoisa otomatiki kupisa kwekubatsira kana tembiricha yemhepo iri ≤0℃ kudzivirira kudzima kwecompressor).

4.2 MaParamita Ezvikamu Zvikuru: Zviratidzo Zvitatu Zvinofanira Kutariswa

① Evaporator: Isa "evaporators dzesimbi dzearuminiyamu" (15% yepamusoro yekupisa kupfuura machubhu emhangura) nenzvimbo yacho inosangana ne "≥0.8㎡ ye1000L capacity"; ② Compressor: Sarudza "hermetic scroll compressors" (semuenzaniso, Danfoss SC series) ine simba rekutonhodza rinoenderana nefreezer (≥1200W capacity yekutonhodza ye1000L freezers); ③ Refrigerant: Isa R600a inochengetedza nharaunda (ODP value = 0, inosangana neEU environmental standards); dzivisa kutenga mamodheru ekare uchishandisa R22 (inodzikiswa zvishoma nezvishoma).

4.3 Kuisa pamberi maModheru ane "Intelligent Early Warning" Mabasa

Pakutenga, da michina ine: ① Yambiro pamusoro pemamiriro ekunze ekupisa (acoustic uye optical alarm kana tembiricha yekabati ichipfuura kukosha kwakatemwa ne3℃); ② Kuzviongorora wega (skrini inoratidza makodhi akadai sekuti “E1″ kana evaporator yakundikana, “E2″ kana compressor yakundikana); ③ Kutarisa uri kure (tarisa tembiricha nemamiriro ekushanda kuburikidza neAPP). Kunyangwe mamodheru akadaro aine mutengo wekutenga wakakwira ne5%-10%, anoderedza 90% yematambudziko ekutonhora kamwe kamwe uye anoderedza mari yekushandisa nekugadzirisa.

Muchidimbu, kugadzirisa kutonhora kusina kukwana mumafiriji ekutengesa akamira kunoda nzira ye "three-in-one": kuongorora, kugadzirisa, uye kudzivirira. Nyanzvi dzekutenga dzinofanira kutanga dzaona zvikonzero kuburikidza nezviratidzo, dzobva dzasarudza "kukwidziridza evaporator kaviri," "kugadzirisa zvikamu," kana "kugadzirisa zvine hungwaru" zvichibva pakugona kwemidziyo uye hupenyu hwebasa, uye pakupedzisira kuwana kushanda kwakasimba kwekutonhodza uye kugadzirisa mutengo kuburikidza nekugadzirisa kwakajairika uye kusarudza kudzivirira. Zvinokurudzirwa kuisa pamberi mhinduro dzinoshanda kwenguva refu senge evaporator mbiri kudzivirira kurasikirwa kukuru kwekushanda kubva mukuchengetedza mari kwenguva pfupi.