Nzira yekugadzirisa sei kutonhora kusina kukwana mumafiriza ekutengesa?

Commercial upright freezers ndiwo midziyo yefiriji yakakosha mumaindasitiri akadai secatering, retail, uye hutano hwehutano. Kuita kwavo kutonhora kunokanganisa zvakananga kutsva kwezviyo, kugadzikana kwemishonga, uye mutengo wekushanda. Kusakwana kutonhora — kunoratidzwa nekuramba kuchipisa tembiricha ye5 ℃ kana kupfuura pamusoro pemutengo wakaiswa, mutsauko wetembiricha yemuno inodarika 3 ℃, kana kunonoka kutonhora zvakanyanya — haigone kungokonzeresa kuparara kwemidziyo uye marara asiwo kumanikidza ma compressor kuti ashande pasi pekuremerwa kwenguva refu, zvichitungamira kune inodarika 30% kuwedzera kwesimba rekushandisa.

1. Kutonhodza Kusina Kukwana MuMafiriza Ezvekutengeserana: Kuongororwa kweDambudziko uye Mamiriro Ekuita

Nyanzvi dzezvekutenga zvinhu dzinofanirwa kutanga dzanyatsoona zviratidzo uye midzi yekusatonhodza zvakakwana kudzivirira kugadzirisa mapofu kana kutsiviwa kwemidziyo, izvo zvinozokonzera kuraswa kwemutengo kusingakoshi.

1.1 Zviratidzo zvikuru uye Njodzi dzeKushanda

Zviratidzo zvekusatonhodza zvakakwana zvinosanganisira: ① Kana tembiricha yaiswa -18 ℃, tembiricha chaiyo yekabati inogona kungodonha kusvika -10 ℃ kana kupfuura, nekuchinja kunopfuura ±2℃; ② Musiyano wetembiricha pakati pezvikamu zvekumusoro nepasi zvinodarika 5℃ (mafiriza akatwasuka anowanzova ne “zvinodziya zvekumusoro, zvinotonhorera zvakaderera” nyaya nekuda kwekunyura kwemhepo); ③ Mushure mekuwedzera zvinongedzo zvitsva, nguva yekutonhora kune yakatarwa tembiricha inodarika maawa mana (yakajairika chiyero maawa 2-3). Aya matambudziko anotungamira zvakananga kune:

• Indasitiri yekudyara: Kuderedzwa kwe50% musherufu yehupenyu hutsva, kuwedzera njodzi yekukura kwebhakitiriya uye njodzi yekuchengetedza chikafu;
• Indasitiri yekutengesera: Kupfava uye deformation yezvikafu zvakaomeswa, mazinga epamusoro ekunyunyuta kwevatengi, uye marara asina kutengeswa anodarika 8%;
• Indasitiri yehutano: Yakadzikira chiitiko chebiological agents uye vaccine, kutadza kusangana neGSP yekuchengetedza zviyero.

1.2 Root Cause Kuferefeta: 4 Dimensions kubva Equipment kuenda kune Environment

Nyanzvi dzekutenga zvinhu dzinogona kuferefeta zvikonzero mune inotevera yekutanga kurongeka kudzivirira kushaikwa zvakakosha zvinhu:

1.2.1 Equipment Core Component Kukundikana (60% yeNyaya)

① Frost blockage mune evaporator: Mazhinji ekutengesa akatwasuka mafiriza anotonhodzwa nemweya. Kana chando pazvimbi zveevaporator ichipfuura 5mm muukobvu, inovharira kutenderera kwemhepo inotonhora, ichideredza kutonhora kwe40% (inowanikwa muzviitiko zvinogara zvichivhurika magonhi uye hunyoro hwepamusoro); ② Compressor performance degradation: Compressor inoshandiswa kweanopfuura makore 5 inogona kuwana 20% inodonha mu discharge pressure, zvichiita kuti kusakwana kwekutonhodza simba; ③ Refrigerant leakage: Kuchembera kana kuzunguzika-kukonzeresa kukuvadzwa kwepombi welds kunogona kukonzera kuvuza kwemafiriji (semuenzaniso, R404A, R600a), zvichikonzera kurasikirwa nekukasira kwekutonhora.

1.2.2 Kukanganisa Kwekugadzira (20% yeNyaya)

Mamwe mafiriza akadzikama akadzikama ane "single evaporator + single fan" dhizaini kukanganisa: ① Mhepo inotonhora inongovhuvhuta kubva kune imwe nzvimbo kumashure, ichikonzera kusaenzana kwemhepo kutenderera mukati mekhabhineti, nepamusoro-layer tembiricha 6-8 ℃ yakakwirira kupfuura yakadzikira; ② Kusakwana evaporator nzvimbo (semuenzaniso, evaporator nzvimbo isingasviki 0.8㎡ ye1000L mafiriza) inotadza kuzadzisa hukuru-hukuru hwekutonhora zvinodiwa.

1.2.3 Mamiriro ezvakatipoteredza (15% yeNyaya)

① Kunyanya tembiricha yakadzikama: Kuisa firiza padyo nezvitofu zvemukicheni kana munzvimbo dzekunze dzine tembiricha yepamusoro (ambient tembiricha inodarika 35 ℃) inotadzisa kunyura kwecompressor, kuderedza kutonhora ne15% -20%; ② Kupinza mhepo kusina kunaka: Kana chinhambwe chiri pakati pefiriji kumashure uye madziro chiri pasi pe15cm, iyo condenser haigone kubvisa kupisa zvinobudirira, zvichiita kuti kuwedzere kudzvinyirira; ③ Kuremedza: Kuwedzera kamuri-tembiricha inodarika makumi matatu muzana yehuwandu hwefiriza panguva imwe chete inoita kuti zvisaite kuti compressor itonhore pasi nekukasira.

1.2.4 Kushanda Kwevanhu Kwakashata (5% yeNyaya)

Mienzaniso inosanganisira kuvhurika kwemusuwo kazhinji (kanopfuura ka50 pazuva), kunonoka kutsiviwa kwemagonhi egonhi ekuchembera (zvichikonzera kutonhora kwemhepo inodonha inodarika 10%), uye kuwandisa kwemidziyo inovharira kubuda kwemhepo (kutadzisa kutenderera kwemhepo inotonhora).

2. Core Technical Solutions yekusakwana Kutonhora: Kubva Kugadzirisa kusvika Kuvandudza

Zvichienderana nezvikonzero zvakasiyana-siyana, vashandi vekutenga vanogona kusarudza "kugadzirisa nekugadzirisa" kana "technical upgrading" mhinduro, vachiisa pamberi pekubhadhara mari uye kugadzikana kwenguva refu.

2.1 Dual Evaporators + Dual Fans: Yakakwana Solution yeMakuru-Capacity akatwasuka maFriza

Mhinduro iyi inogadzirisa "imwe evaporator dhizaini kukanganisa" uye "hombe-inotonhorera inodiwa," zvichiita kuti ive sarudzo yakakosha kune nyanzvi dzekutenga kana kusimudzira kana kutsiva michina. Inokodzera mafiriza ekutengesa anodarika 1200L (semuenzaniso, mafiriza esupamaketi, mafiriza epakati ekubikira mukicheni).

2.1.1 Solution Nheyo uye Zvakanakira

Iyo "yepamusoro-yepasi mbiri mbiri evaporator + yakazvimirira mbiri mafeni" dhizaini: ① Iyo yepamusoro evaporator inotonhorera yepamusoro 1/3 yekabati, nepo epasi evaporator ichitonhodza yakaderera 2/3. Mafeni akazvimirira anodzora kuyerera kwemhepo, kudzikisa mutsauko wekushisa kabati kusvika ± 1 ℃; ② Iyo yakazara kupisa kupisa nzvimbo yehuviri evaporator yakakura 60% kupfuura iyo imwe evaporator (semuenzaniso, 1.5㎡ yemaviri evaporator mu1500L mafiriza), ichiwedzera kutonhora ne35% uye ichimhanyisa kutonhora nekukurumidza ne40%; ③ Yakazvimirira mbiri-yedunhu kutonga inova nechokwadi chekuti kana imwe evaporator ikatadza, imwe inogona kuchengetedza kwechinguva kutonhora, kudzivirira kuvharika kwemidziyo.

2.1.2 Mutengo Wokutenga uye Nguva Yekubhadhara

Mutengo wekutenga mafiriza akamira ane maevaporator maviri akakwira ne15% -25% kupfuura yemhando imwe-evaporator (semuenzaniso, ingangoita RMB 8,000 ye1500L imwe-evaporator modhi vs. RMB 9,500-10,000 yemhando mbiri-evaporator). Zvisinei, kudzoka kwenguva refu kwakakosha: ① 20% yakaderera kushandiswa kwesimba (kuchengetedza ingangoita 800 kWh yemagetsi pagore, yakaenzana neRMB 640 mumitengo yemagetsi zvichienderana nemutengo wemagetsi eindasitiri weRMB 0.8/kWh); ② 6% -8% kuderedzwa kwemitengo yemarara, kucheka mari yemarara pagore nepamusoro peRMB 2,000; ③ 30% yakaderera compressor kutadza mwero, kuwedzera hupenyu hwesevhisi yemidziyo nemakore 2-3 (kubva pamakore masere kusvika pamakore gumi nerimwe). Nguva yekubhadhara inenge makore 1.5-2.

2.2 Single Evaporator Upgrading and Maintenance: Inodhura-Inoshanda Sarudzo yeDiki-Capacity Equipment

Kune mafiriza akatwasuka ari pasi pe1000L (semuenzaniso, mafiriza madiki muzvitoro zviri nyore) ane hupenyu hwesevhisi isingasviki makore mashanu, mhinduro dzinotevera dzinogona kugadzirisa kusatonhodza kwakakwana nemutengo chete 1/5 kusvika 1/3 yekutsiva iyo yese unit.

2.2.1 Evaporator Kuchenesa uye Kugadziridza

① Kubvisa chando: Shandisa "mhepo inopisa inopisa" (dzima midziyo uye furidzira evaporator zvimbi nemhepo inopisa iri pasi pe50 ℃) kana "chikafu-giredhi defrosting agents" (kudzivisa ngura). Mushure mekubviswa kwechando, kutonhora kunoshanda kunogona kudzoserwa kune anopfuura 90%; ② Evaporator kuwedzera: Kana iyo yekutanga evaporator nzvimbo isina kukwana, vimba vanogadzira nyanzvi kuti vawedzere zvimbi (kuwedzera nzvimbo yekupisa kupisa ne20% -30) nemutengo weRMB 500-800.

2.2.2 Compressor uye Refrigerant Maintenance

① Compressor performance test: Shandisa gauji yekumanikidza kutarisa kuburitsa (yakajairika discharge pressure yeR404A refrigerant ndeye 1.8-2.2MPa). Kana kudzvinyirira kusina kukwana, shandura compressor capacitor (mari: inenge RMB 100-200) kana kugadzirisa mavharuvhu; kana compressor iri kuchembera (yakashandiswa kweanopfuura makore masere), itsive ne brand-zita compressor yesimba rimwechete (semuenzaniso, Danfoss, Embraco) pamutengo weRMB 1,500-2,000; ② Refigerant replenishment: Chekutanga waona panobuda mvura (isa mvura ine sipo kumajoini epombi), wozozadzazve mufiriji zvinoenderana nezviyero (inenge 1.2-1.5kg yeR404A ye1000L mafiriza) nemutengo weRMB 300-500.

2.3 Intelligent Temperature Control uye Airflow Optimization: Kuwedzera Kutonhodza Kugadzikana

Mhinduro iyi inogona kushandiswa pamwe chete nemhinduro mbiri dzataurwa pamusoro apa. Kuburikidza nekuvandudzwa kwehunyanzvi, kunoderedza kupindira kwevanhu uye kwakakodzera kune vanotenga zvinhu kuti "vagadzirise nehungwaru" midziyo iripo.

2.3.1 Dual-Probe Temperature Control System

Tsiva iyo yekutanga-probe thermostat ne "dual-probe system" (yakaiswa pa1/3 kureba kweyepamusoro nezasi maseru zvakateerana) kutarisa musiyano wetembiricha yekabati munguva chaiyo. Kana tembiricha yemusiyano yadarika 2 ℃, inongogadzirisa kumhanya kwe fan (inomhanyisa fan yepamusoro uye kudzikisa yakaderera fan), inovandudza tembiricha yakafanana ne40% pamutengo weRMB 300-500.

2.3.2 Air Outlet Deflector Kugadziriswa

Isa ma platechable deflector plates (chikafu-giredhi PP zvinhu) mukati mefiriza yakatwasuka kutungamira mhepo inotonhora kubva kumashure kuenda kumativi ese, kudzivirira "inodziya kumusoro, inotonhorera pasi" inokonzerwa nemhepo inotonhora yakananga kunyura. Mushure mekugadzirisa, tembiricha yepamusoro-yepamusoro inogona kuderedzwa ne3-4 ℃ nemutengo weRMB 100-200 chete.

3. Non-Technical Optimization: Low-Cost Management Strategies kune Procurement Professionals

Kupfuura kugadziridzwa kwemidziyo, nyanzvi dzekutenga dzinogona kumisa kushandiswa nekugadzirisa kudzikisa kuwanda kwekusakwana kutonhora uye kuwedzera hupenyu hwesevhisi yemidziyo.

3.1 Zuva Nezuva Mashandisiro Mashandiro: 3 Maitiro Akakosha

① Kudzora kuvhurika kwegonhi uye nguva: Deredza kuvhurika kwegonhi kusvika ≤30 nguva pazuva uye imwe yekuvhura nguva kusvika ≤30 masekonzi; tumira "kukurumidza kutora" zviyeuchidzo pedyo nefiriji; ② Kuchengetedzwa kwakakodzera kwemidziyo: Tevedzera musimboti we "zvinhu zvakareruka kumusoro, zvinhu zvinorema pazasi; zvinhu zvishoma pamberi, zvakanyanya kumashure," kuchengetedza zvinongedzo ≥10cm kure nemhepo yekuvharira kuvharira kutenderera kwemhepo; ③ Ambient tembiricha yekudzora: Isa firiza munzvimbo ine mhepo inofefetera zvakanaka ine tembiricha yakadzikama ≤25℃, kure nezvinopisa (semuenzaniso, mahovhoni, maheater), uye chengetedza chinhambwe che ≥20cm pakati pefiriza kumashure nemadziro.

3.2 Urongwa Hwekugara Hwekuchengetedza: Quarterly/Annual Checklist

Nyanzvi dzezvekutenga zvinhu dzinogona kugadzira chinyorwa chekugadzirisa uye kupa vashandi nekuchengetedza vashandi kuti vazviite, vachiona kuti hapana matanho akakosha anopotsa:

4. Kudzivirira Kutenga: Kudzivirira Kusakwana Kutonhora Njodzi Panguva Yekusarudzwa Phase

Paunenge uchitenga mafiriza matsva ekutengesa, nyanzvi dzekutenga dzinogona kutarisa pamatanho matatu epakati kudzivirira kusakwana kutonhora kubva kunobva uye kuderedza kunotevera mitengo yekuchinja.

4.1 Sarudza Kutonhodza Magadzirirwo Kubva pane "Capacity + Application"

① Diki-simba (≤800L, semuenzaniso, zvitoro zviri nyore): Optional "single evaporator + mbiri mbiri mafeni" kuenzanisa mutengo uye kufanana; ② Pakati kusvika kuhukuru-hukuru (≥1000L, semuenzaniso, kubika / masupamaketi): Inofanira kusarudza "dual evaporators + dual circuits" kuti ive nechokwadi chekutonhodza simba uye tembiricha yakasiyana kutonga; ③ Special applications (semuenzaniso, kutonhora kwekurapa, ice cream kuchengetedza): Chimwe chinodiwa che "yakaderera-tembiricha muripo webasa" (inogadzirisa otomatiki yekubatsira kupisa kana ambient tembiricha ≤0℃ kudzivirira compressor kudzima).

4.2 Core Component Parameters: 3 Inofanirwa-Kutarisa Zviratidzo

① Evaporator: Isa pamberi pe "aluminium chubhu fin evaporators" (15% yakakwirira kupisa kupisa kwekupisa kupfuura machubhu emhangura) nemusangano wenzvimbo "≥0.8㎡ ye1000L kugona"; ② Compressor: Sarudza "hermetic scroll compressors" (semuenzaniso, Danfoss SC akatevedzana) ine kutonhora kunoenderana nefiriza (≥1200W kutonhora kugona kwe1000L mafiriza); ③ Refrigerant: Isa pamberi eco-hushamwari R600a (ODP kukosha = 0, kusangana neEU zvakatipoteredza zviyero); dzivisa kutenga mamodheru ekare uchishandisa R22 (zvishoma nezvishoma yapera).

4.3 Isa pamberi Mamodheru ane “Intelligent Early Yambiro” Mabasa

Paunenge uchitenga, zvinoda michina ine: ① Tembiricha inomaly yambiro (acoustic uye optical alarm kana tembiricha yekabati ichidarika kukosha kwakatarwa ne3℃); ② Kutadza kuzviongorora (chiratidziro chinoratidza makodhi senge "E1" yekutadza evaporator, "E2" yekutadza kwecompressor); ③ Kutarisisa kure (tarisa tembiricha uye mamiriro ekushanda kuburikidza neAPP). Kunyangwe mamodheru akadaro aine 5% -10% yepamusoro mutengo wekutenga, iwo anoderedza 90% yematambudziko akaerekana ekutonhodza uye kuderera kwekushanda uye kugadzirisa mari.

Muchidimbu, kugadzirisa kusakwana kutonhora mumafiriza akatwasuka kunoda nzira ye "vatatu-mu-imwe": kuongororwa, mhinduro, nekudzivirira. Nyanzvi dzekutenga zvinhu dzinofanira kutanga dzaona zvikonzero kuburikidza nezviratidzo, vobva vasarudza "dual evaporator upgrading," "component maintenance," kana "hungwaru gadziriso" zvichienderana nehukuru hwemidziyo uye hupenyu hwesevhisi, uye pakupedzisira kuwana yakagadzikana kutonhora kuita uye mutengo optimization kuburikidza neyakajairwa kugadzirisa uye yekudzivirira sarudzo. Zvinokurudzirwa kuisa pamberi penguva refu-inodhura mhinduro senge mbiri evaporator kudzivirira kurasikirwa kukuru kwekushanda kubva pakuchengetedza mutengo kwenguva pfupi.