Muzviitiko zvekutengeserana, macola akawanda, majusi emichero, nezvimwe zvinwiwa zvinoda kuchengetwa mufiriji. Zvizhinji zvacho zvinoshandisa mafiriji ezvinwiwa ane magonhi maviri. Kunyangwe ane magonhi rimwe chete achifarirwawo, mutengo wacho wakawedzera mikana yekusarudza. Kune vashandisi, zvakakosha kuva nemabasa ekutanga anosangana nezvinodiwa zvavo uye kudzora mitengo zvakanyanya. Izvi zvinonyanya kuitika kana tichitenga zviuru zvemayuniti emidziyo. Hatingodi chete kudzora mitengo, asi tinofanirawo kufunga nezvenyaya dzine chekuita nemhando yebasa.
Mutengo wacho pachawo unokosha. Kana tichitaura nezvemusiyano wemitengo pakati pema "drink coolers" ane musuwo mumwe chete ne "double-door" anotonhorera, hausi kungokonzerwa nekusiyana kwesimba, asi kuratidzwa kwakazara kwezvinhu zvakawanda zvakaita semitengo yezvinhu, magadzirirwo ehunyanzvi, uye mashandiro esimba.
Kugoverwa kwemitengo yakasiyana-siyana uye mamiriro emhando
Parizvino, mitengo yemafiriji ezvinwiwa pamusika inoratidza hunhu hwakakura hwekugoverwa kwezvinwiwa. Mitengo yemafiriji ezvinwiwa ane musuwo mumwe chete yakakura, kubva paYangzi model inodhura zvakanyanya pamadhora makumi manomwe nerimwe nehafu ($71.5) yemamodheru ekutanga kusvika kumamodheru ehunyanzvi emhando yepamusoro yeWilliams pamadhora mazana matatu nemazana mashanu ($3105), zvichisanganisira zvese zvinodiwa kubva kuzvitoro zvemunharaunda kusvika kumabhawa emhando yepamusoro.
Ruzivo runoratidza kuti mitengo yemafiriji ezvinwiwa zvemusuwo mumwe chete inotangira pamadhora zana nemakumi matatu nemasere kusvika mazana matatu nemakumi mana nemashanu ($138) kusvika pamadhora mazana matatu nemakumi mana nemashanu ($345). Pakati pawo, modhi yeXingxing 230-litre single-door air-cooled ine mutengo wemadhora zana nemakumi matanhatu nemasere ($168.2), modhi yeAucma 229-liter first-class energy efficiency ine mutengo wemadhora zana nemakumi matatu nerimwe ($131.0), uye modhi yeMidea 223-liter air-cooled isina chando ine mutengo wemadhora zana nemakumi manomwe nemaviri ($172.4) (1249 yuan × 0.138), zvichiita kuti mutengo wayo uve pakati nepakati.
Mafiriji ezvinwiwa ane magonhi maviri, pamwe chete, anoratidza kukwira kwemitengo, nemutengo wepakati uri pakati pemadhora ekuAmerica zana nemakumi matatu nematatu nemakumi maviri neshanu nemazana matanhatu nemakumi mapfumbamwe nemashanu. Mutengo wakaderedzwa wemhando yeXinfei ine magonhi maviri imadhora ekuAmerica zana nemakumi matatu nematatu nemakumi maviri, nepo firiji yeAucma ine magonhi maviri emhando yekutanga ine simba remamita mazana masere nemakumi mashanu nerimwe negumi nemapfumbamwe emadhora ekuAmerica, kabhineti yeMidea ine magonhi maviri ine mazana mana nemakumi matatu nemapfumbamwe emadhora ekuAmerica, uye makabhineti ane magonhi maviri emhando yepamusoro anogona kusvika madhora mazana mapfumbamwe nemakumi matanhatu nemashanu nemakumi mapfumbamwe nemashanu ekuAmerica.
Zvakakosha kuziva kuti mutengo wepakati wemakabati ane magonhi maviri ungangoita $414, inova mutengo wepakati kaviri wemakabati ane magonhi rimwe chete ($207). Hukama uhwu hwakawanda hunoramba hwakagadzikana pakati pemakambani akasiyana.
Maitiro emitengo yemhando iyi akawedzera kukwidziridzwa kwemitengo. Makambani emuno akadai seXingxing, Xinfei, uye Aucma akagadzira musika mukuru uri pakati pemadhora ekuAmerica zana nemakumi matatu nemasere kusvika makumi mashanu nemaviri, nepo makambani anotengwa kunze kwenyika akadai seWilliams aine mamodheru emusuwo mumwe chete ane mutengo wakakwira kusvika madhora zviuru zvitatu nemazana mashanu nemashanu emuUS. Mutengo wavo unonyanya kuratidzwa muhunyanzvi hwekutonga tembiricha uye dhizaini yekutengeserana. Musiyano uyu wemutengo wemhando iyi unonyanya kuoneka mumhando dzemamodheru maviri. Mutengo wemakabati emhando yepamusoro ekutengeserana ane magonhi maviri unogona kupetwa katatu kusvika kashanu pane wezvigadzirwa zvakafanana kubva kumakambani emuno, zvichiratidza musiyano mukuisa kukosha pakati pezvikamu zvakasiyana zvemusika.
Maitiro ekuumbwa kwemitengo uye ongororo yemitengo ine mativi matatu
Kugona uye mitengo yezvinhu ndizvo zvinonyanya kukonzera kusiyana kwemitengo. Kugona kwezvinwiwa zvinotonhorera pamusuwo mumwe chete kunowanzova pakati pemarita 150-350, nepo zvemasuo maviri zvinowanzosvika marita 400-800, uye mamwe mamodheru akagadzirirwa masupamaketi anotopfuura marita 1000. Musiyano wesimba unoshandura zvakananga mumisiyano yemitengo yezvinhu; zvinwiwa zvinotonhorera zvemasuo maviri zvinoda 60%-80% yakawanda kupfuura zvemusuwo mumwe chete.
Semuenzaniso, tora rudzi rweXingxing. Kabhineti remamita 230 rine musuwo mumwe chete rinotengeswa pamadhora zana nemakumi matanhatu nemasere nemakumi maviri nemakumi maviri ($168.2), nepo kabhineti remamita maviri rine musuwo mumwe chete rine madhiri mazana masere ($800) rine musuwo mumwe chete rinotengeswa pamadhora mazana mashanu nemakumi mashanu nerimwe nemakumi mashanu neshanu negumi ($551.9). Mutengo wepamuchina wega wega unodzikira kubva pamadhora zana nemakumi manomwe nematatu ($0.73) parita kusvika pamadhora zana nemakumi matanhatu nemapfumbamwe ($0.69) parita, zvichiratidza kuti mitengo inovandudzwa nemhedzisiro yehukuru.
Magadzirirwo etekinoroji yefiriji ndiwo chinhu chechipiri chinokanganisa mitengo. Tekinoroji yekutonhodza zvakananga, nekuda kwechimiro chayo chiri nyore, inoshandiswa zvakanyanya mumakabati ane musuwo mumwe chete asingadhuri. Semuenzaniso, kabhineti yeYangzi 120.0 USD ine musuwo mumwe inoshandisa sisitimu yekutonhodza zvakananga; nepo tekinoroji isina chando inotonhodzwa nemhepo, ine mitengo yakakwira yemafeni nema evaporator, ichiona kuwedzera kukuru kwemitengo. Kabhineti yeZhigao ine musuwo mumwe chete inotonhodzwa nemhepo ine mutengo we129.4 USD, iyo iri pamusoro pe30% kupfuura modhi yekutonhodza zvakananga yemhando imwe chete. Makabhineti ane musuwo mumwe chete anowanzo kuve nesystem yekudzora tembiricha yakazvimirira yefan mbiri. Kabhineti yeMidea 439-liter ine musuwo mumwe chete inotonhodzwa nemhepo ine mutengo we366.9 USD, mutengo we40% kana tichienzanisa nemamodhi ekutonhodza zvakananga ane simba rimwe chete. Musiyano uyu wemutengo wehunyanzvi wakakosha zvikuru mumamodhi ane musuwo mumwe chete.
Kukanganiswa kwekushandiswa kwesimba kwenguva refu kwakaita kuti vatengesi vade kubhadhara mari yezvigadzirwa zvinoshandisa simba zvakanyanya. Mutengo wekabhineti ine musuwo mumwe chete ine kirasi 1 inoshanda zvakanaka wakakwira ne15%-20% kupfuura wekabhineti yekirasi 2. Semuenzaniso, kabhineti yeAucma ine musuwo mumwe chete ine kirasi 1 inoshanda zvakanaka inodhura $131.0, nepo modhi ine simba rakafanana nekirasi 2 inoshanda zvakanaka iri pamadhora $110.4. Iyi mari yekuwedzera inonyanya kuoneka mumakabhineti ane mikova miviri. Nekuda kwekuti mutsauko wekushandiswa kwesimba pagore wemidziyo mikuru unogona kusvika mazana akati wandei kWh, mwero wepamusoro wemakabhineti ane mikova miviri ane kirasi 1 inoshanda zvakanaka unowanzosvika 22%-25%, zvichiratidza kufunga kwevatengesi nezvemitengo yekushanda kwenguva refu.
TCO Model uye Strategy yeSarudzo
Pakusarudza mafiriji ezvinwiwa zvakasiyana-siyana zvekutengeserana, pfungwa yeTotal Cost of Ownership (TCO) inofanira kusimbiswa, pane kungoenzanisa mitengo yekutanga. Avhareji yekutengesa zvinwiwa pazuva muzvitoro zviri munharaunda dzeEurope neAmerica inosvika mabhodhoro 80-120, uye firiji ine musuwo mumwe chete ine simba remarita 150-250 inogona kusangana nezvinodiwa. Tichitora firiji yeXingxing 230-litre ine musuwo mumwe chete pamadhora 168.2 semuenzaniso, pamwe chete nechiyero chekutanga chekushandisa simba, mutengo wemagetsi wepagore ungangoita $41.4, uye TCO yemakore matatu ingangoita $292.4. Kune zvitoro zvikuru zvine avhareji yekutengesa mabhodhoro anopfuura 300 pazuva, firiji ine musuwo mumwe chete ine simba remarita anopfuura 400 inodiwa. Firiji ine musuwo mumwe chete yeAucma 800-liter inodhura $551.9, nemutengo wemagetsi wepagore ungangoita $89.7 uye TCO yemakore matatu ingangoita $799.9, asi mutengo wekuchengetedza mayuniti wakaderera.
Kana tichitaura nezvemisangano yemahofisi, kumahofisi madiki nepakati (ane vanhu 20-50), kabhineti ine musuwo mumwe chete ine marita angangoita 150 inokwana. Semuenzaniso, kabhineti ine musuwo mumwe chete yeYangzi yemadhora 71.5 USD, pamwe nemari yemagetsi yegore negore yemadhora 27.6 USD, zvinoita kuti mutengo wese wemadhora 154.3 USD ungori makore matatu. Kune nzvimbo dzekuchengetera zvinhu kana nzvimbo dzekugamuchira vaenzi mumakambani makuru, kabhineti ine mikova miviri yemadhora 300 inogona kufungwa nezvayo. Kabhineti ine mikova miviri yeMidea yemadhora 310 inodhura mari inosvika madhora 291.2 USD, neTCO yemakore matatu yemadhora angangoita madhora 374.0 USD, zvichideredza mutengo wekushandisa unit kuburikidza nekugona kwayo.
Mabhawa emhando yepamusoro anowanzo sarudza mhando dzehunyanzvi dzakadai seWilliams. Kunyangwe kabhineti rayo remusuwo mumwe chete rine mutengo wemadhora ekuAmerica mazana matatu nemakumi mashanu (3105) rine mari yekutanga yakawanda, kudzora kwayo tembiricha chaiyo (musiyano wetembiricha ±0.5℃) uye dhizaini isina ruzha (≤40 decibels) zvinogona kuve nechokwadi chekuti zvinwiwa zvemhando yepamusoro zvinonaka. Kune nzvimbo dzakanyorova dzakadai semakicheni emaresitorendi, mhando dzakakosha dzine machira esimbi isina tsvina dzinodiwa. Mutengo wemakabhineti ane masuo maviri akadaro wakakwira ne30% kupfuura wemhando dzakajairika. Semuenzaniso, mutengo wekabhineti resimbi isina tsvina yeXinfei ine masuo maviri imadhora ekuAmerica mazana maviri nemakumi maviri nemanomwe (1650 yuan × 0.138), inova madhora ekuAmerica mazana mashanu nemashanu nehafu (55.2 US) yakakwira kupfuura modhi yakajairika ine simba rakafanana.
Maitiro eMusika uye Sarudzo dzeKutenga
Muna 2025, musika wezvinotonhodza zvinwiwa unoratidza mafambiro ekuvandudza tekinoroji uye kusiyana kwemitengo. Kuchinja-chinja kwemitengo yezvinhu zvakagadziriswa kune mhedzisiro yakakura pamitengo; kuwedzera kwe5% kwemitengo yesimbi isingatsvedzi kwakaita kuti mitengo yezvitonhodza zvine magonhi maviri ive ne$20.7, ukuwo kufarirwa kwema inverter compressors kwakaita kuti mitengo yemamodheru emhando yepamusoro ikwire ne10%-15%. Panguva imwe chete, kushandiswa kwetekinoroji itsva dzakadai se photovoltaic assistant power supply kwakonzera 30% premium yezvinotonhodza zvine magonhi maviri zvinoshandisa simba zvishoma, izvo, zvisinei, zvinogona kuderedza mari yemagetsi neinopfuura 40% uye zvakakodzera kuzvitoro zvine mamiriro akanaka emwenje.
Sarudzo dzekutenga dzinofanira kufunga zvakadzama nezvezvinhu zvitatu:
(1)Avhareji yehuwandu hwekutengesa kwezuva nezuva
Kutanga, sarudza huwandu hunodiwa zvichienderana nehuwandu hwekutengesa kwezuva nezuva. Kabhineti ine musuwo mumwe chete yakakodzera mamiriro ezvinhu ane huwandu hwekutengesa kwezuva nezuva hwemabhodhoro ≤ 150, nepo kabhineti ine mikova miviri inoenderana nezvinodiwa zvemabhodhoro ≥ 200.
(2)Nguva yekushandisa
Chechipiri, ongorora nguva yekushandiswa. Pamamiriro ezvinhu apo mashandiro acho anomhanya kwemaawa anopfuura gumi nemaviri pazuva, zvinofanirwa kupihwa mukana wekushandisa simba zvakanaka. Kunyangwe mutengo weyuniti yavo wakakwira, mutsauko wemutengo unogona kuwanikwa mukati memakore maviri.
(3)Zvinodiwa zvakakosha
Teererai zvinodiwa zvakakosha. Semuenzaniso, basa rekuchengetedza chando rakakodzera nzvimbo dzine hunyoro, uye dhizaini yekiyi yakakodzera nzvimbo dzisina anodzitarisira. Mabasa aya achaita kuti mutengo udzikire ne10%-20%.
Pamusoro pezvo, mari yekufambisa inosanganisirawo chikamu. Mari yekufambisa nekuisa makabati ane mikova miviri yakakwira ne50%-80% kupfuura yemakabati ane mikova miviri. Mamwe makabati makuru ane mikova miviri anoda kukwidziridzwa nehunyanzvi, pamwe nemari yekuwedzera inosvika madhora ekuAmerica angangoita 41.4-69.0.
Kana tichitaura nezvemari yekugadzirisa, chimiro chakaomarara chemakabati ane mikova miviri chinoita kuti mari yekugadzirisa makabati acho ikwire ne40% kupfuura yemakabati ane mikova imwe chete. Saka, zvinokurudzirwa kusarudza mhando dzine network yakazara yebasa rekutengesa mushure mekutengesa. Kunyangwe mutengo wekutanga ungave wakakwira ne10%, anopa vimbiso yakawanda yekushandiswa kwenguva refu.
Gore rega rega, kune kugadziridzwa kwemidziyo yakasiyana. Vatengesi vazhinji vanoti havagone kutumira zvigadzirwa zvavo kunze kwenyika. Chikonzero chikuru ndechekuti pasina hunyanzvi, hapazovi nekubviswa. Zvizhinji zvezvigadzirwa zviri pamusika zvichiri zvekare, uye vashandisi havana chikonzero chekuvandudza michina yavo zvachose.
Kuongorora kwakazara kwedata remusika kunoratidza kuti musiyano wemitengo pakati pefiriji dzezvinwiwa dzine masuo maviri nedzine masuo rimwe chete imhedzisiro yemigumisiro yakabatana yekugona, tekinoroji, uye kushanda zvakanaka kwesimba. Pakusarudza chaiko, munhu anofanira kupfuura pfungwa dziri nyore dzekuenzanisa mitengo uye kugadzira sisitimu yekuongorora yeTCO zvichibva pakushandiswa kwemidziyo kuti aite sarudzo yakanakisisa yekudyara mari mumidziyo.
Nguva yekutumira: Gunyana-16-2025 Maonero: