Munguva pfupi yapfuura, mamiriro ekutengeserana pasi rose akavhiringidzwa zvakanyanya nehutsva hutsva hwekugadzirisa mitero. IUnited States yakagadzirirwa kushandisa zviri pamutemo mitemo mitsva yemitero musi waOctober 5, kuisa mamwe mabasa e15% - 40% pane zvinhu zvakatumirwa pamberi peAugust 7. Nyika dzakawanda dzakakosha dzekugadzira, kusanganisira South Korea, Japan, neVietnam, dzakabatanidzwa mukugadzirisa chiyero. Izvi zvapwanya mabhizinesi 'akamisa masystem accounting uye zvakakonzeresa kuvhunduka mukati mecheni yese, kubva pakutengeswa kunze kwenyika midziyo yemumba semafiriji kuenda kumidziyo yemugungwa, zvichimanikidza makambani kuti agadzirise nekuchimbidza mashandiro awo panguva yesarudzo.
I. Refrigerator Export Enterprises: Kudzvanya Kaviri kweMutengo Wakapinza Unowedzera uye Kugadzirisa Kurongeka
Sechikamu chinomiririra chemidziyo yemumba inotengeswa kunze kwenyika, mabhizinesi emafiriji ndiwo ekutanga kutakura mutoro wemitengo. Mabhizinesi anobva kunyika dzakasiyana anotarisana nematambudziko akasiyana nekuda kwekusiyana kwemaitiro ekugadzira. Kune mabhizinesi eChinese, United States yakasanganisira mafiriji mune yesimbi inotorwa mutero runyorwa. Yakabatanidzwa nekuwedzera 15% - 40% tariff rate panguva ino, yakazara mutero mutoro wakawedzera zvakanyanya. Muna 2024, kutengeswa kweChina kunze kwemafiriji uye mafiriza kuenda kuUnited States kwakasvika mabhiriyoni matatu nemazana matanhatu emadhora, zvichiverengera 17.3% yehuwandu hwese hwekutengesa kunze kwechikamu ichi. Yese gumi - muzana - poindi yekuwedzera mumitengo ichawedzera pamusoro pemadhora mazana matatu emamiriyoni kumutengo wepagore weindasitiri. Kuverengera nebhizinesi rinotungamira kunoratidza kuti kune yakawanda-musuo firiji ine mutengo wekunze wemadhora mazana masere, kana mutengo wemutero uchikwira kubva kune yekutanga 10% kusvika 25%, mutero wemutero payuniti unowedzera nemadhora zana nemakumi maviri, uye purofiti inodzvanywa kubva pa8% kusvika pazasi 3%.
Mabhizinesi eSouth Korea anosangana nedambudziko rakakosha re "tariff inversion." Mutengo wemafiriji anogadzirwa muSouth Korea uye akatumirwa kuUnited States neSamsung neLG wakawedzera kusvika pagumi neshanu muzana, asi mafekitori avo muVietnam, ayo anotora chikamu chikuru chekutengesa kunze kwenyika, anotarisana nepamusoro pe20% mutero wemutengo, zvichiita kuti zvisaite kudzivirira mutengo kuburikidza nekugadzirwa kwesimba rekufambisa munguva pfupi. Chiri kunetsa ndechekuti zvikamu zvesimbi mumafiriji zviri pasi peimwe 50% Chikamu 232 yakakosha mutero. Mutero wemutero wepaviri wakamanikidza kuwedzera gumi neshanu muzana mumitengo yekutengesa yemamwe epamusoro - ekupedzisira mafiriji emhando muUnited States, zvichikonzera mwedzi 8% - pamwedzi kudzikira kwemirairo kubva kuzvitoro zvikuru seWalmart. MaChina - mabhizinesi emidziyo yemumba anopihwa mari muVietnam anotarisana nedzvinyiriro huru. Iyo transshipment modhi ye "yakagadzirwa kuChina, yakanyorwa muVietnam" yakundikana zvachose nekuda kwe40% yekuranga tariff rate. Mabhizinesi akadai seFujia Co., Ltd. aifanira kuwedzera muyero wekutenga wemuno wemafekitori avo eVietnamese kubva pa30% kusvika 60% kuti asangane nemitemo yekwakabva zvinodiwa.
Njodzi - kugona kuramba kwemabhizinesi madiki uye epakati-akakura anotonyanya kutetereka. Imwe firiji yeIndia OEM inonyanya kupa niche mabhureki ekuAmerica yakarasikirwa zvachose nemakwikwi emitengo nekuda kwe40% yekuwedzera mutero. Yakagamuchira zviziviso zvekudzima kwemirairo mitatu inokwana mazana maviri ezviuru, inoverengera 12% yehuwandu hwayo hwekugadzira hwepagore. Kunyangwe mutero wemabhizinesi eJapan uchingori makumi maviri neshanu muzana, zvakasanganiswa nekuderera kweyen, purofiti yekunze yakawedzera kuparadzwa. Panasonic yakaronga kuendesa chikamu chepamusoro-yekupedzisira kugadzirwa kwefiriji kuMexico kuti iwane mutero wekuda.
II. Maritime Shipping Market: Kuchinja kwechisimba pakati pePfupi - Term Booms uye Yakareba - Yenguva Dzvinyiriro.
Kuchinjana kwe "kumhanyisa - kutakura mafambiro" uye "kumirira - uye - ona nguva" zvakakonzerwa nemitemo yemitero zvakakanda musika wekutakura ngarava mukusagadzikana kwakanyanya. Kuvhara mutero wekare usati wasvika Nyamavhuvhu 7 nguva yekupedzisira yekutumira, mabhizinesi akaburitsa maodha zvakanyanya, zvichitungamira kune mamiriro e "hapana nzvimbo inowanikwa" munzira dzekuenda kumadokero kweUnited States. Makambani ekutumira akadai saMatson naHapag - Lloyd akatevedzana akwidza mitengo yekutakura. Mari yekuwedzera ye40 - foot container yakwira kusvika pamadhora zviuru zvitatu, uye mutengo wekutakura munzira kubva kuTianjin kuenda kumadokero kweUnited States wakawedzera neinopfuura 11% muvhiki imwe chete.
Pasi peiyi nguva pfupi - budiriro yenguva pfupi inovanda zvakavanzika zvinonetsa. Modhi yemakambani ekutakura zvinhu zvekukwira nekukwira kwemitengo haigoneki. Kana mitero mitsva yatanga kushanda muna Gumiguru 5, musika uchapinda munguva yekutonhora kudiwa. China Chamber of Commerce for Import and Export of Machinery and Electronic Products inofanotaura kuti mushure mekushandiswa kwemitemo mitsva, huwandu hwezvinhu zvinotakurwa mumigwagwa kubva kuChina kuenda kumadokero kweUnited States zvemidziyo yemumba huchadzikira ne12% -15%. Parizvino, makambani ekufambisa anogona kutarisana nenjodzi dzekuwedzera kwemidziyo yevacancy mitengo uye kuderera kwemitengo yekutakura.
Zvakanyanya kuomarara, mabhizinesi ari kutanga kugadzirisa nzira dzawo dzekutakura zvinhu kuti aderedze mitengo yemitero. Mirairo yekutumira yakananga kubva kuVietnam kuenda kuUnited States yadzikira, nepo kuyambuka-muganho wekufambisa kuburikidza neMexico kwakawedzera ne20%, zvichimanikidza makambani ekutakura zvinhu kuti varongezve nzira dzavo. Iyo yekuwedzera mari yekuronga inozopedzisira yaendeswa kumabhizinesi.
Kusavimbika kwekufamba kwenguva kunowedzera kuzvidya mwoyo kwemabhizinesi. Mutemo uyu unoti zvinhu zvisina kucheneswa kutsika pamberi paGumiguru 5 zvichange zvadzokororwa mutero, uye avhareji yekuregererwa kwetsika kumadokero eUS yakawedzerwa kubva pamazuva matatu kusvika kumazuva manomwe. Mamwe mabhizinesi atora zano re "kutsemura midziyo uye kusvika mumabhechi," kupatsanura boka rese remirairo mumidziyo midiki yakawanda ine isingasviki makumi mashanu mayunitsi chimwe nechimwe. Kunyangwe izvi zvichiwedzera mutengo wekushandisa kwezvinhu ne30%, zvinogona kuvandudza mashandiro etsika uye kuderedza njodzi yekupotsa nguva yakatarwa.
III. Yakazara - Indasitiri Chain Kuitisa: Chain Reactions kubva kuZvikamu kuenda kuMusika weTemina
Kukanganisa kwemitero kwakapinda kupfuura chikamu chapera chekugadzira chigadzirwa uye kunoramba kuchipararira kumaindasitiri ekumusoro nekudzika. Mabhizinesi anogadzira maevaporator, chikamu chepakati chefiriji, ndiwo akatanga kunzwa kumanikidzwa. Kutarisana ne15% yekuwedzera mutero, Sanhua Group yekuSouth Korea yakadzikisa mutengo wekutenga wemhangura - aluminium composite mapaipi ne5%, zvichimanikidza vatengesi vekuChina kuti vaderedze mitengo kuburikidza nekutsiva zvinhu.
Mabhizinesi eCompressor muIndia ari mudambudziko: kutenga simbi yemuno kusangana nemitemo yezvakabva zvinodiwa muUnited States kunowedzera mutengo ne12%; kana vakaunzwa kubva kuChina, vanotarisana nekudzvanywa kwezvikamu zviviri zvemitengo uye chigadzirwa - mutero wenhanho.
Shanduko mukudiwa mumusika wekupedzisira dzakagadzira reverse kutapurirana. Kuti udzivise njodzi dzezviwanikwa, vatengesi vekuUS vakapfupisa kutenderera kweodha kubva pamwedzi mitatu kusvika kumwedzi mumwe uye vanoda kuti mabhizinesi ave nehunyanzvi hwe "diki - batch, nekukurumidza - kuendesa." Izvi zvakamanikidza mabhizinesi akaita seHaier kuti atange matura akasungwa muLos Angeles uye pre - chitoro chepakati firiji modhi pamberi. Kunyangwe mutengo wekuchengetedza wakawedzera ne8%, nguva yekuendesa inogona kuderedzwa kubva pamazuva makumi mana nemashanu kusvika ku7. Mamwe madiki uye epakati-akakura mabhureki asarudza kubuda mumusika weUS uye kutendeukira kumatunhu ane mitero yakagadzikana, seEurope neSoutheast Asia. Muchikamu chechipiri cha2025, firiji yeVietnam inotumira kunze kwenyika kuEurope yakawedzera ne22% gore - pa-gore.
Kuoma kwemitemo kwakakonzerawo njodzi dzekutevedzwa. Iyo US Customs yakasimbisa kusimbiswa kwe "shanduko huru." Bhizinesi rakaonekwa riine "mabviro emanyepo" nekuti fekitori yaro yeVietnamese yakangoita musangano wakapusa uye izvo zvakakosha zvakatorwa kubva kuChina. Nekuda kweizvozvo, zvinhu zvayo zvakatorwa, uye yakatarisana nefaindi yakapetwa katatu mutero wemutero. Izvi zvaita kuti mabhizinesi aise mari yakawanda mukugadzira masisitimu ekutevedza. Kune rimwe bhizinesi, mutengo wekuongorora zvitupa zvekwakabva chete wakawedzera ne1.5% yemari yaro yegore.
IV. Enterprises 'Multidimensional Responses uye Kugona Kuvakazve
Nenwell akataura kuti pamberi pedutu remutero, iri kuvaka njodzi - zvipingamupinyi zvekudzivirira kuburikidza nekugadzirisa huwandu hwekugadzira, kugadzirisa mutengo, uye kusiyanisa kwemusika. Panyaya yemagadzirirwo ekugadzira, iyo "Southeast Asia + the Americas" mbiri - hub modhi iri kutora chimiro zvishoma nezvishoma. Kutora midziyo yefiriji semuenzaniso, inoshandira musika weUS ine 10% yakasarudzika mutero uye, panguva imwecheteyo, inotsvaga zero - mutero kurapwa pasi peUnited States - Mexico - Canada Agreement, kuderedza njodzi yekugadziriswa - asset investment by 60%.
Kudzika kudzora mutengo kune kunatswa chinhu chakakoshawo. Nekugadzirisa maitiro ekugadzira, simbi yemukati mufiriji yakaderedzwa kubva pa28% kusvika 22%, ichidzikisa hwaro hwekubhadhara mutero pane zvinobva simbi. Lexy Electric yakawedzera mwero weotomatiki wefekitori yayo yeVietnamese, ichidzikisa mutengo wevashandi ne18% uye kudzoreredza kumwe kumanikidzwa kwemitero.
Iyo yemusika diversification strategy yakaratidza mhedzisiro yekutanga. Mabhizinesi anofanirwa kuwedzera kuedza kuongorora misika muCentral neEastern Europe uye Southeast Asia. Muhafu yekutanga ye2025, kutengesa kunze kwenyika kuPoland kwakawedzera ne35%; Mabhizinesi eSouth Korea akatarisana nemusika wepamusoro-wekupedzisira. Nekushongedza mafiriji nehungwaru tekinoroji yekudzora tembiricha, ivo vakawedzera mutengo weprimiyamu nzvimbo kusvika 20%, zvishoma vachivhara mutero wemitengo. Masangano eindasitiri anoitawo basa rinokosha. Kuburikidza nemasevhisi akadai sekudzidziswa kwepolicy uye kuratidza matchmaking, China Chamber of Commerce for Import and Export of Machinery and Electronic Products yakabatsira mabhizinesi anodarika mazana maviri kuwana mukana wemusika weEU, achideredza kuvimba kwavo nemusika weUS.
Kugadziriswa kweTariff munyika dzakasiyana kwete kungoyedza mutengo wemabhizinesi - kutonga kugona asiwo kunoshanda seyedzo yekushushikana kwekusimba kweiyo yepasirese yekugovera cheni. Nekuita shanduko dzakarongeka kuti dzienderane nemirairo mitsva yekutengeserana, sezvo kamuri yemitero arbitrage ichidzikira zvishoma nezvishoma, hunyanzvi hwekuvandudza tekinoroji, kubatirana cheni, uye kugona kwekushanda kwepasirese kunozopedzisira kwave kukwikwidza kukuru kwemabhizinesi kufamba nemhute yekutengeserana.
Nguva yekutumira: Oct-21-2025 Views: