Muhurongwa hwemidziyo yekutengeserana yekutonhodza,kondensatandeimwe yezvikamu zvikuru zvefiriji, zvichiratidza kushanda zvakanaka kwefiriji uye kugadzikana kwemidziyo. Basa rayo guru firiji, uye musimboti ndewekuti: inoshandura utsi hwefiriji hunodziya zvakanyanya uye hunomanikidzwa zvakanyanya hunoburitswa necompressor kuita mvura inodziya nekupisa kwakanyanya kuburikidza nekupisa, ichiisa hwaro hwekunyudzwa kwekupisa uye utsi hwefiriji mu evaporator kuti itonhore uye itonhore. Mhando dzakajairika dze condenser dzinosanganisirazvinokonzeresa machubhu ekupedzisira, zvinokonzeresa machubhu emagetsi, uye zvinokonzeresa machubhu emagetsi.
Kuzvitoro zvikuru muEurope neAmerica, simba rekushandisa mufiriji, simba rinoshandiswa, uye nguva yekushanda kwemidziyo yese yefiriji, kubva kumakabati efiriji nemafiriji kusvika kunzvimbo huru yekuchengetera zvinhu zvinotonhora, zvine chekuita nekushanda kwemakondensa. Kana matambudziko akadai sekusakwana kwekupisa, kukura, kana kuvharika kwaitika mumakondensa, hazvingogumiri pakudzikira kwesimba refiriji remidziyo uye kuchinja-chinja kwetembiricha mukati memakabati, zvichikanganisa kunaka kwechikafu, asiwo kuwedzera mutoro wekushanda kwecompressor, kuwedzera simba rinoshandiswa zvakanyanya, uye kutopfupisa hupenyu hwese hwemidziyo.
MaCondenser ane mhando dzakasiyana dzemashandisirwo uye anonyanya kushandiswa mumidziyo mikuru yekutonhodza yakaita semafiriji etafura, makabati eaizikirimu, magadziri eaizi, makabati ekuratidzira anotonhorera ezvinwiwa mumasupamaketi, makabati emakeke, makabati edoro, uye mafiriji emumba,kuita basa rakakosha mukuchengetedza kutsva kwechikafu uye mufiriji.
1. Zvidziviriro zveFin-Tube: Sarudzo huru yekubvisa kupisa zvinobudirira
Iyocondenser yefin-chubhundeimwe yemhando dzinonyanya kushandiswa dzemakondensa. Chimiro chayo chikuru chine machubhu emhangura (kana machubhu earuminiyamu) nemafins esimbi. Nekuwedzera mafins akakora pamusoro pechubhu dzesimbi dzakatsetseka, nzvimbo yekuparadza kupisa inowedzera zvakanyanya, uye kushanda zvakanaka kwekuchinjana kupisa kunovandudzwa.
Panyaya yemagadzirirwo embatya, mbatya dzembatya dzinenge dziri aruminiyamu, uye mimwe michina yepamusoro inoshandisa mbatya dzemhangura. Mbatya dzearuminiyamu dzave kushandiswa zvakanyanya nekuda kwekubatsira kwadzo kwemutengo wakaderera uye huremu hwakareruka. Nzira dzekubatanidza mbatya nemachubhu emhangura dzinosanganisira nzira yekudzvanya mbatya, nzira yekuputira mbatya, uye nzira yekuputira mbatya.nzira yekumonera mapenaPakati pazvo, nzira yekumonera mafin inoshandiswa zvakanyanya mumidziyo yekutonhodza yepakati nepamusoro yesupermarket nekuti mafin acho akabatana zvakanyanya nemachubhu emhangura, zvichikonzera kusapisa zvakanyanya uye kushanda zvakanaka kwekupisa.
Pamusoro pezvo, kuti zvienderane nezvinodiwa zvekuisa michina yakasiyana yekutonhodza, macondenser efin-tube anogonawo kukamurwa kuita mhando dzinotonhodza nemhepo uye dzinotonhodza nemvura. Mhando inotonhodza nemhepo haidi sisitimu yekuwedzera yekutenderera kwemvura uye inochinjika kuiswa, zvichiita kuti ikodzere makabati emumaresitorendi, mafiriji madiki, nezvimwewo. Mhando inotonhodza nemvura ine simba rekupisa rakawanda asi inoda mvura yepamusoro uye inoda shongwe yekutonhodza inotsigira. Inonyanya kushandiswa mumasisitimu ekutonhodza emasupamaketi makuru kana michina yekutonhodza ine mutoro wakawanda.
Panyaya yekushandiswa uye kugadziriswa, nekuda kwekushanda kwazvo kwekudzima kupisa kwakanyanya uye nzira dzekuisa dzinochinjika, ma condenser e fin-tube anoshandiswa zvakanyanya mumakabati emuma supermarket akavhurika, ma vertical freezer, combined cold storage, nezvimwe zvishandiso.
Pakugadzirisa kwezuva nezuva, zvinodikanwa kuchenesa guruva nemarara ari pamusoro pemafin nguva nenguva kudzivirira kuvharika kwemafin kuti asakanganisa kupisa. Kune macondenser anotonhorerwa nemhepo, zvinodikanwawo kutarisa mamiriro ekushanda kwemota yefeni kuti ive nechokwadi chekuti fan inomhanya zvakajairwa. Kune macondenser anotonhorerwa nemvura, mapaipi anofanira kucheneswa nguva dzose kudzivirira kukura kwekupisa kusaderedza kushanda zvakanaka, uye panguva imwe chete, teerera kutarisa kana paine chero kubuda kwemvura panzvimbo dzepombi dzemvura.
2. Makondensa eWaya-Tube: Sarudzo Inoshanda ine Hurongwa Hudiki
Iyocondenser yechubhu yewaya, inozivikanwawo seBondi tube condenser, ine chimiro chekuronga machubhu emhangura akawanda matete (kazhinji machubhu eBondi, kureva machubhu esimbi akagadzika) ari pamwe chete uye anomonera waya dzesimbi dzakatetepa pamusoro pechubhu dzemhangura kuti dzigadzire network yekuparadza kupisa kwakanyanya. Kana tichienzanisa nemachubhu efin-tube, chimiro chayo chakanyanya kusimba, nzvimbo yekurasa kupisa pahuwandu hweyuniti yakakura, uye kubatana pakati pewaya dzesimbi nemachubhu emhangura kwakasimba, nekuramba kwakasimba kwekuzunguzika.
Kana tichitaura nezvemabhenefiti ekushanda kwayo, kunyangwe kushanda kwayo mukupisa kwakaderera zvishoma pane kwezvigadziriso zvemafin-tube, nekuda kwechimiro chayo chidiki uye nzvimbo diki yekugara, yakakodzera kwazvo kuiswa mumidziyo yekutonhodza musupermarket ine nzvimbo shoma, senge mafiriji madiki akatambarara uye makabati efiriji akavakirwa mukati.
Zvinofanira kucherechedzwa kuti pamusoro pechinhu chinotonhorera chewaya chakatsetseka, zvichiita kuti chisanyanya kuungana neguruva, uye kuchenesa kwezuva nezuva kuri nyore. Chinodzivirirawo ngura uye chinogara kwenguva refu, kunyanya chakakodzera nzvimbo ine hunyoro muzvitoro zvikuru (zvakadai semidziyo yekutonhodza iri pedyo nenzvimbo yezvigadzirwa zvemumvura nenzvimbo yezvirimwa zvitsva).
Panyaya yekushandiswa kwayo, inonyanya kushandiswa mumidziyo midiki yekutonhodza yesupamaketi, senge makabati ekuratidzira anotonhorera etabletop, mafiriji madiki, uye mamwe makabati ekuchengetedza zvirimwa zvitsva akavakwa mukati. Pakugadzirisa, teerera zvinotevera: pukuta guruva repamusoro nguva dzose nejira rakapfava, uye hapana chikonzero chekupwanya nekucheneswa kakawanda; kana michina yacho iri munzvimbo ine hunyoro kwenguva yakareba, tarisa kana paine ngura pamusoro pecondenser. Kana ngura yawanikwa, igadzire nependi yekudzivirira ngura nenguva kuti ngura isapararire uye inokanganisa mashandiro ekupisa; panguva imwe chete, dzivisa zvinhu zvakaoma zvinosangana newaya dzesimbi nemachubhu emhangura econdenser kudzivirira kukanganiswa kwechimiro kubva pakuderedza kushanda kwekupisa.
3. Zvidziviriro zveTube-Sheet: Sarudzo Yakavimbika yeZviitiko Zvine Simba Rakawanda
Iyocondenser yepepa rechubhuInoumbwa nebhokisi remachubhu, pepa remachubhu, machubhu ekuchinjana kupisa, negoko. Chimiro chayo chikuru ndechekuisa magumo ese emachubhu akawanda ekuchinjana kupisa (kazhinji machubhu esimbi asina musono kana machubhu esimbi isina ngura) papepa remachubhu kuti igadzire bundle remachubhu. Refrigerant iri mubhokisi remachubhu uye nzvimbo inotonhorera (yakadai semvura kana mhepo) iri mugomba zvinoshandurana kupisa nepamadziro echubhu. Condenser yechubhu ine simba rakawanda rekuvaka, inodzivirira kumanikidzwa kwakanyanya uye kupisa kwakanyanya, uye kubatana pakati pemachubhu ekuchinjana kupisa nepepa remachubhu kunoshandisa maitiro ekubatanidza welding kana expansion, ine mashandiro akanaka ekuvhara uye haiwanzoitiki nematambudziko ekubuda kwemvura.
Panyaya yemaumbirwo uye mashandiro, inogona kukamurwa kuva mhando dzegoko nechubhu (inotonhodzwa nemvura) uye mhando dzegoko nechubhu zvinotonhodzwa nemhepo.condenser yepepa remachubhu negoko nechubhu, mvura inotonhodza inopfuudzwa nepagoko, uye refrigerant inoyerera mukati memachubhu ekuchinjana kupisa, ichiendesa kupisa kumvura inotonhodza kuburikidza nemadziro echubhu. Inokwanisa kupisa zvakanyanya uye inogona kutsungirira kumanikidzwa kwakanyanya, zvichiita kuti ikodzere michina yekutonhodza ine kumanikidzwa kwakanyanya uye ine mutoro wakawanda mumasupamaketi, akadai senzvimbo huru yekuchengetera inotonhora uye masisitimu ekutonhodza ari pakati. Condenser yechubhu inotonhodzwa nemhepo ine feni kunze kwegoko, uye kupisa kunotakurwa kuburikidza nekuyerera kwemhepo. Haidi sisitimu yekutenderera kwemvura uye iri nyore kuisa, asi kushanda kwayo kwekupisa kwakaderera zvishoma pane kwerudzi rwechubhu, yakakodzera mamiriro ezvinhu ane zvinodiwa zvakanyanya zvekumanikidzwa asi nzvimbo shoma.
Nehunhu hwayo hwesimba rayo guru uye kushanda kwayo kwakasimba, condenser yechubhu-sheet inonyanya kushandiswa mumidziyo mikuru yekutonhodza musupermarket, yakadai senzvimbo yekuchengetera inotonhora inosvika zviuru gumi zvematani, mafiriji epakati, uye mafiriji anodziya tembiricha shoma ekuchengetera nyama nehove.
Panguva yekugadzirisa, zvinodikanwa kugara uchitarisa hunhu hwemvura inotonhodza kudzivirira kukura uye tsvina kuti isapinde mukati memachubhu ekuchinjana kupisa. Nzira dzekuchenesa nemakemikari kana dzekuchenesa nemechanical dzinogona kushandiswa kubvisa tsvina iri mukati memachubhu. Panguva imwe chete, tarisa kana paine kudonha kwemvura pakubatana pakati pechubhu repepa nemachubhu ekuchinjana kupisa. Kana kudonha kwemvura kwakawanikwa, gadzirisa nekusveta kana kutsiva machubhu ekuchinjana kupisa nenguva. Kune machubhu e-shell-and-tube anotonhodzwa nemhepo, gara uchichenesa guruva riri kunze kweganda uye tarisa mamiriro ekushanda kwefeni kuti uve nechokwadi chekuti kupisa kwakajairika.
4. Tube-Sheet Evaporators: Zvikamu Zvikuru paRefrigeration End
Mumichina yakawanda yekutonhodza, chubhu-sheet evaporator ndiyo chinhu chinopedza kupisa nekutonhodza. Basa rayo rakasiyana nerecondenser. Inonyanya kutora kupisa uye inopfungaira mvura inotonhodza uye ine simba shoma mushure mekupwanya nekudzikamisa kumanikidzwa mukati me evaporator, ichitora kupisa kwenzvimbo yakapoteredza, nokudaro ichideredza kupisa kwenzvimbo yakatonhorera kana kuti yakaomeswa nechando. Maumbirwo ayo akafanana neechubhu-sheet condenser, ine chubhu, machubhu ekuchinjana kupisa, negoko, asi nzvimbo inoshanda uye divi rekufambisa kupisa zvakapesana.
Panyaya yemaumbirwo uye mashandiro, zvichienderana nemafambiro emufiriji, inogona kukamurwa kuva mhando yemvura inofashaira uye mhando yakaoma. Mumuchina wemvura unofashaira, goko rinozadzwa nemvura inofashaira, uye machubhu ekuchinjana kupisa anonyudzwa mumvura, achichinjana kupisa nechinhu chinotonhorera (senge mhepo, mvura) kuburikidza nemadziro echubhu. Inoshanda zvakanyanya pakuchinjana kupisa uye yakakodzera kuchengetera zvinhu zvinotonhora musupamaketi makuru, mafiriji emvura, nezvimwe zvishandiso. Mumuchina uyuevaporator yakaoma yechubhu, refrigerant inoyerera mukati memachubhu ekuchinjana kupisa, uye nzvimbo inotonhorera inoyerera mukati meganda. Ine chimiro chiri nyore uye iri nyore kuchengetedza, yakakodzera makabati madiki emuchitoro chedu ane firiji, makabati ekuratidzira akaomeswa nechando, nezvimwe zvishandiso.
Panyaya yezvinhu, mhangura kana simbi isina ngura ndiyo inonyanya kushandiswa. Machubhu emhangura anochinja kupisa ane conductivity yakanaka yekupisa, uye machubhu esimbi isina ngura anodzivirira ngura zvakanyanya. Zvinhu zvakakodzera zvinogona kusarudzwa zvichienderana nemamiriro ekushandiswa kwemidziyo.
Panyaya yekushandiswa kwayo, inoshandiswa zvakanyanya mumidziyo yakasiyana-siyana yekutonhodza, senge makabati akavhurika efriji, mafiriji akamira, nzvimbo yekuchengetera zvinhu zvinotonhora pamwe chete, mafiriji emvura, nezvimwewo.
Panyaya yekugadzirisa, tarisa mamiriro echando emuchina we evaporator. Kana chando chakanyanya kukobvu, chichavhara kuchinjana kwekupisa uye kuderedza kushanda zvakanaka kwefiriji. Kunyungudutsa kunofanira kuitwa nenguva (kunyungudutsa kupisa nemagetsi, kunyungudutsa gasi rinopisa, nezvimwewo zvinogona kushandiswa).
Kune machubhu evaporators akazara nemvura, dzora huwandu hwekuchaja kwemufiriji kudzivirira kuvharika kwemvura inotonhorera inokonzerwa nekuchaja kwakanyanya. Kune machubhu evaporators akaoma, tarisa kana paine kuvharika mumachubhu ekuchinjana kupisa. Kana kuvharika kwakawanikwa, gasi rine simba guru kana mishonga yekuchenesa inogona kushandiswa pakudhonza. Usakanganwa kutarisa mashandiro ekuvhara kwemufiriji kudzivirira kubuda kwemufiriji kuti kusakanganisa mhedzisiro yekufiriji.
Mumidziyo yekutengeserana yekutonhodza yemasupamaketi, macondenser akasiyana-siyana nema evaporator ane magadzirirwo awo akasiyana uye mamiriro ekushandiswa. Zvakakosha kusarudza zvine musoro mamodheru nehukuru hunoenderana zvichienderana nerudzi rwemidziyo, saizi yenzvimbo, mutoro wefiriji, uye nzvimbo yekushandisa, uye kuita basa rakanaka mukugadzirisa kwezuva nezuva kuti ive nechokwadi chekuti michina yekutonhodza inoshanda uye yakagadzikana, kupa vimbiso yakavimbika yekuchengetedza kutsva kwechikafu, uye panguva imwe chete kuderedza kushandiswa kwesimba nemari yekushandisa.
Nguva yekutumira: Gumiguru-11-2025 Maonero: