"Madax, qaabkan qaboojinta ee 300W ayaa ku filnaan doona!" "La soco kan 500W—wuxuu si dhakhso ah u qaboojiyaa xagaaga!" Markaad iibsanayso armaajooyinka bandhigga cabitaanka, ma had iyo jeer waad wareertaa "ereyada farsamada" ee iibiyayaashu? Dooro mid aad u yar, cabitaannadu si fiican uma qaboojin doonaan xagaaga, taasoo kaxeynaysa macaamiisha. Dooro mid aad u weyn, biilka korontadaaduna wuu cirka isku shareerayaa—lacag badan ayaa lumaysa.
Maanta waxaan kala saari doonnaa qaacidada lagu xisaabinayo awoodda qaboojinta armaajooyinka cabitaanka. Looma baahna in la fahmo mabaadi'da adag - kaliya raac qaacidada iyo tusaalooyinka tallaabo tallaabo. Xitaa kuwa bilowga ah waxay si sax ah u waafajin karaan baahiyahooda.
I. Marka hore Fahmo: Maxaad ugu baahan tahay inaad si sax ah u xisaabiso awoodda qaboojinta?
Awoodda qaboojinta waxay ka dhigan tahay "awoodda qaboojinta" ee golaha bandhigga, oo badanaa lagu cabbiro watts (W) ama kilocalories saacaddii (kcal/h), halkaas oo 1 kcal/h ≈ 1.163 W. Xisaabinta saxda ah waxay u adeegtaa laba ujeedo oo muhiim ah:
- Iska ilaali "xad-dhaaf": Tusaale ahaan, xagaaga marka albaabada dukaanka ee ku habboon ay si joogto ah u furmaan, awoodda qaboojinta oo aan ku filnayn waxay ka hortagtaa in armaajada ay gaarto heerkulka ugu wanaagsan ee 3-8°C (heerkulka ugu habboon ee lagu ilaalin karo cabitaannada). Cabitaannada kaarboonaysan waxay lumiyaan qiiqooda, casiirku si fudud ayuu u baaba'aa, waxaadna ku dambayn doontaa inaad lumiso lacag.
- Ka hortag "xad-dhaaf": Dukaan 20㎡ ah oo si aan loo baahnayn u iibsanaya armaajo bandhig oo awood sare leh oo 500W ah ayaa maalin kasta khasaariya 2-3 kWh dheeraad ah, taasoo boqolaal ku daraysa kharashyada korontada ee sanadlaha ah - oo aan loo baahnayn.
Waxyaabaha Muhiimka ah ee la qaadan karo: Awoodda qaboojinta oo sareysa had iyo jeer ma fiicna - waa "baahida isku-dhafka ah." Diiradda saar saddex doorsoome oo asaasi ah: mugga armaajada bandhigga, jawiga hawlgalka, iyo inta jeer ee albaabku furmo.
II. Qaaciddada Aasaasiga ah: 3 Tallaabo oo lagu Xisaabinayo Awoodda Qaboojinta Saxda ah (Xitaa kuwa Bilaabanaya way Baran karaan)
Uma baahnid inaad xasuusato mabaadi'da thermodynamics-ka ee adag—kaliya xasuuso qaacidadan wax ku oolka ah: Awoodda Qaboojinta (W) = Muuji Mugga Golaha (L) × Cufnaanta Cabitaanka (kg/L) × Awoodda Kulaylka Gaarka ah (kJ/kg·℃) × Farqiga Heerkulka (℃) ÷ Waqtiga Qaboojinta (h) ÷ 1000 × Qodobka Sixitaanka
Aan tallaabo tallaabo u kala qaadno halbeeg kasta, annagoo tusaale ahaan u adeegsanayna "1000L armaajo bandhig ah oo dukaanka ku habboon":
1. Cabbirrada La Go'aamiyay (Si toos ah u codso, wax isbeddel ah looma baahna)
| Magaca Halbeegga | Kala duwanaanshaha Qiimaha | Sharaxaad (Erayada Laymanka) |
|---|---|---|
| Cufnaanta Cabitaanka (kg/L) | 0.9–1.0 | Cabitaannada dhalada ku jira (cola, biyaha macdanta) guud ahaan waxay ku dhacaan heerkan; isticmaal qiimaha bartamaha ee 0.95 |
| Awoodda Kulaylka Gaarka ah (kJ/kg·℃) | 3.8-4.2 | Si fudud haddii loo dhigo, tani waxay u taagan tahay "kuleylka loo baahan yahay si loo kordhiyo/hoos loogu dhigo heerkulka cabitaanka." Cabitaannada dhalada ku jira, 4.0 waa qiimaha ugu saxsan. |
| Waqtiga qaboojinta (saacad) | 2-4 | Waa waqtigii lagu qaboojin lahaa heerkulka qolka ilaa 3-8°C: 2 saacadood dukaamada ku habboon (furitaanka albaabada ee soo noqnoqda waxay u baahan yihiin qaboojin degdeg ah), 3-4 saacadood dukaamada waaweyn |
2. Qodobbada Isbeddelka leh (Buuxi iyadoo lagu saleynayo xaaladdaada dhabta ah)
- Muuji Mugga Kabadhada (L): Kani waa 'awoodda' uu calaamadeeyay soo-saaraha, tusaale ahaan, 1000L, 600L. Kaliya nuqul ka samee qiimaha la sheegay.
- Farqiga Heerkulka (°C): Heerkulka Deegaanka - Heerkulka Bartilmaameedka. U qaado heerkulka qolka xagaaga inuu yahay 35°C (kiisaska ugu daran), heerkulka bartilmaameedku waa 5°C (dhadhanka cabitaanka ugu fiican), sidaas darteed farqiga heerkulka = 35 – 5 = 30°C.
3. Ku beddel qaacidada xisaabinta (isticmaal armaajada bandhigga dukaanka ee 1000L tusaale ahaan)
Awoodda qaboojiyaha (W) = 1000L × 0.95kg/L × 4.0kJ/kg·℃ × 30℃ ÷ 2h ÷ 1000 × 1.2 (Qodobka sixitaanka) Xisaabinta tallaabo-tallaabo: ① 1000 × 0.95 = 950kg (Miisaanka cabitaanka guud ee gudaha armaajada) ② 950 × 4.0 × 30 = 114,000 kJ (Kuleylka guud ee loo baahan yahay si loo qaboojiyo dhammaan cabitaannada) ③ 114,000 ÷ 2 = 57,000 kJ/h (Awoodda qaboojiyaha loo baahan yahay saacaddii) ④ 57,000 ÷ 1000 = 570 W (Awoodda qaboojinta salka) ⑤ 570 × 1.2 = 684W (Awoodda qaboojinta kama dambaysta ah; qodobka sixitaanka ayaa la sharraxay goor dambe)
Gunaanad: Khaanadahan 1000L ee dukaanka ku habboon, xagaaga waxay u baahan yihiin qiyaastii 700W awood qaboojin. 600W wax yar kuma filna, halka 800W ay xoogaa xad dhaaf tahay laakiin aad loogu kalsoonaan karo.
III. Kaabis Muhiim ah: Sidee loo Go'aamiyaa Qodobka Sixitaanka?
"1.2" ee kor ku xusan si aan kala sooc lahayn looguma darin; waxaa lagu hagaajiyaa xaaladaha isticmaalka dhabta ah. Xaaladaha kala duwan waxay u dhigmaan isku-xidhnaan kala duwan. Si toos ah u dooro iyadoo lagu saleynayo kuwa soo socda:
- Qodobka sixitaanka 1.0-1.1: Armaajooyinka bandhigga ee suuqyada waaweyn (furitaanka albaabku waa yar yahay ≤20 jeer maalintii), jawi gudaha ah oo qaboojiyaha leh (heerkulka jawiga ≤28°C), moodooyinka qaboojinta tooska ah (dahaadh wanaagsan).
- Qodobka sixitaanka 1.2–1.3: Dukaamada raaxada/dukaamada yaryar (furitaanka albaabada ee soo noqnoqda ≥50 jeer maalintii), jawi aan qaboojiye lahayn (heerkulka jawiga ≥32°C), moodooyinka hawo qaboojinta leh (u nugul luminta hawada qabow).
- Qodobka sixitaanka 1.4–1.5: Gobollada heerkulka sare leh (heerkulka jawiga xagaaga ≥38°C), meelaha bannaan ee lagu nasto (qorraxda tooska ah), armaajooyinka bandhigga ee u dhow ilaha kulaylka (tusaale ahaan, meel u dhow foornooyinka ama kuleyliyeyaasha).
IV. Shaxda Isbarbardhigga Xulashada Moodeelka ee Xaaladaha Kala Duwan
| Xaaladda Isticmaalka | Muuji Mugga Golaha Wasiirada (L) | Awoodda Qaboojinta ee lagu taliyay (W) | Qoraallo |
|---|---|---|---|
| Dukaanka xaafadda (ma laha qaboojiye) | 300-500 | 300-450 | Soo noqnoqoshada furitaanka dhexdhexaadka ah; moodooyinka hawo-qaboojinta leh waxay bixiyaan xasilooni maskaxeed oo weyn |
| Dukaamada raaxada leh (taraafikada lugaynta oo badan) | 600-1000 | 600-750 | Mudnaanta sii moodooyinka leh habka keydinta tamarta si loo yareeyo kharashyada korontada |
| Qaybta cabitaanka ee suuqyada waaweyn (qaboojiye leh) | 1000-2000 | 700-1200 | Moodooyinka albaabada badan leh waxay u oggolaanayaan xakamaynta heerkulka aagga gaarka u ah si loo helo hufnaan tamar oo weyn |
| Goobaha Debadda (Meelaha Heerkulka Sare) | 200-400 | 350-500 | Dooro moodooyinka leh hadhka qorraxda si loo yareeyo soo-gaadhista qorraxda tooska ah |
V. Digniinaha Ku-meel-gaadhka ah: 2 Xeeladood oo Caadi ah oo ay Isticmaalaan Ganacsatadu
- Liiska "Awoodda Gelinta" oo keliya iyada oo aan lahayn "Awoodda Qaboojinta": Awoodda Gelinta waxay muujinaysaa isticmaalka korontada ee golaha bandhigga, ee maaha wax soo saarka qaboojinta! Tusaale ahaan, iyada oo leh isla awoodda gelinta 500W, summad tayo leh ayaa gaari karta awoodda qaboojinta 450W, halka summad hoosaad ah ay gaari karto oo keliya 350W. Had iyo jeer weydii iibiyaha inuu bixiyo "Warbixinta Tijaabada Awoodda Qaboojinta."
- Tirooyinka awoodda qaboojinta oo kor u kacaya: Tusaale ahaan, cutub leh awood qaboojin oo 600W ah ayaa loo calaamadin karaa inuu leeyahay "awood qaboojin oo ugu sarreysa oo ah 800W." Qiimaha ugu sarreeya wuxuu matalaa akhrinta degdegga ah xaaladaha daran mana la gaari karo inta lagu jiro hawlgalka caadiga ah. Markaad dooranayso, diiradda saar oo keliya "awoodda qaboojinta ee la qiimeeyay."
Xusuuso 3 Mabaadi' oo Muhiim ah
1. Awoodda weyn waxay ka dhigan tahay awood qaboojin oo sarreysa: Koror kasta oo 100L ah oo ku yimaada awoodda wuxuu ku darayaa qiyaastii 50-80W oo awood qaboojin ah. 2. Deegaannada kulul iyo albaabada soo noqnoqda waxay u baahan yihiin awood dheeraad ah: Ku dar ugu yaraan 10% kayd natiijada la xisaabiyay. 3. Mudnaanta sii hufnaanta tamarta Heerka 1aad: Si loo helo isla awoodda qaboojinta, hufnaanta Heerka 1aad waxay badbaadinaysaa 1-2 kWh maalintii marka la barbar dhigo Heerka 5aad, iyadoo dib u soo ceshanaysa farqiga qiimaha iibka lix bilood gudahood.
Waqtiga boostada: Diseembar-16-2025 Aragtiyo: