Nigbati o ba nfi awọn ifihan ti o tutu silẹ (tabi awọn ọran ifihan) lati Ilu China si awọn ọja agbaye, yiyan laarin ẹru afẹfẹ ati okun da lori idiyele, aago, ati iwọn ẹru. Ni ọdun 2025, pẹlu awọn ilana ayika IMO tuntun ati awọn idiyele epo iyipada, agbọye idiyele tuntun ati awọn alaye eekaderi jẹ pataki fun awọn iṣowo. Itọsọna yii fọ awọn oṣuwọn 2025, awọn pato ipa ọna, ati awọn imọran amoye fun awọn ibi pataki.
Awọn idiyele kan pato lati Ilu China si ọpọlọpọ awọn agbegbe ni ayika agbaye ni isalẹ:
1. China to United States
(1) Ẹru ọkọ ofurufu
Awọn oṣuwọn: $4.25–$5.39 fun kg (100kg+). Akoko ti o ga julọ (Oṣu kọkanla – Oṣu kejila) ṣafikun $1–$2/kg nitori aito agbara.
Akoko gbigbe: 3–5 ọjọ (awọn ọkọ ofurufu taara Shanghai/Los Angeles).
Ti o dara ju Fun: Awọn ibere ni kiakia (fun apẹẹrẹ, awọn ṣiṣi ile ounjẹ) tabi awọn ipele kekere (awọn ẹya ≤5).
(2) Ẹru Okun (Awọn apoti Reefer)
20ft Reefer: $2,000–$4,000 si Los Angeles; $3,000–$5,000 si New York.
40ft High onigun Reefer: $3,000–$5,000 si Los Angeles; $4,000–$6,000 si New York.
Awọn afikun: Ọya iṣẹ itutu ($ 1,500–$2,500/epo) + Iṣẹ agbewọle AMẸRIKA (9% fun koodu HS 8418500000).
Akoko gbigbe: 18-25 ọjọ (West Coast); 25-35 ọjọ (East Coast).
Ti o dara ju Fun: Olopobobo ibere (10+ sipo) pẹlu rọ timelines.
2. China to Europe
Ẹru Afẹfẹ
Awọn oṣuwọn: $4.25–$4.59 fun kg (100kg+). Awọn ipa ọna Frankfurt/Paris jẹ iduroṣinṣin julọ.
Akoko gbigbe: Awọn ọjọ 4–7 (awọn ọkọ ofurufu taara Guangzhou/Amsterdam).
Awọn akọsilẹ: EU ETS (Eto Iṣowo Awọn itujade) ṣe afikun ~ € 5/ton ni awọn idiyele erogba.
Ẹru Okun (Awọn Apoti Reefer)
20ft Reefer: $1,920–$3,500 si Hamburg (Ariwa Yuroopu); $3,500–$5,000 si Ilu Barcelona (Mediterranean).
40ft Giga Cube Reefer: $3,200–$5,000 si Hamburg; $ 5,000- $ 7,000 si Ilu Barcelona.
Awọn Fikun-un: Ipese epo epo-kekere sulfur (LSS: $ 140 / apoti) nitori awọn ofin IMO 2025.
Akoko Gbigbe: 28-35 ọjọ (Ariwa Europe); 32-40 ọjọ (Mediterranean).
3. China to Guusu Asia
Ẹru Afẹfẹ
Awọn oṣuwọn: $2–$3 fun kg (100kg+). Awọn apẹẹrẹ: China→Vietnam ($2.1/kg); China →Thailand ($2.8/kg).
Akoko gbigbe: 1-3 ọjọ (awọn ọkọ ofurufu agbegbe).
Ẹru Okun (Awọn Apoti Reefer)
20ft Reefer: $ 800- $ 1,500 si Ilu Ho Chi Minh (Vietnam); $1,200–$1,800 si Bangkok (Thailand).
Akoko irekọja: Awọn ọjọ 5-10 (awọn ipa ọna kukuru).
4. China to Africa
Ẹru Afẹfẹ
Awọn oṣuwọn: $5–$7 fun kg (100kg+). Awọn apẹẹrẹ: China→Nigeria ($6.5/kg); China → South Africa ($5.2/kg).
Awọn italaya: Idinku ibudo Eko ṣe afikun $300– $500 ni awọn idiyele idaduro.
Ẹru Okun (Awọn Apoti Reefer)
20ft Reefer: $3,500–$4,500 si Eko (Nigeria); $3,200–$4,000 si Durban (South Africa).
Akoko gbigbe: 35-45 ọjọ.
Awọn nkan pataki ti o ni ipa awọn idiyele 2025
1.Fuel Owo
10% dide ni epo ọkọ ofurufu mu ki ẹru afẹfẹ pọ si nipasẹ 5-8%; idana omi ni ipa awọn oṣuwọn okun kere ṣugbọn awọn aṣayan imi-ọjọ kekere jẹ idiyele 30% diẹ sii.
2.Seasonality
Awọn oke ẹru afẹfẹ nigba Q4 (Black Friday, Christmas); Ẹru ọkọ oju omi n pọ si ṣaaju Ọdun Tuntun Kannada (Jan – Kínní).
3.Awọn ilana
EU CBAM (Ẹrọ Iṣatunṣe Aala Erogba) ati awọn idiyele irin AMẸRIKA (to 50%) ṣafikun 5–10% si awọn idiyele lapapọ.
4.Ẹru Awọn alaye lẹkunrẹrẹ
Awọn ifihan ti firiji nilo gbigbe iṣakoso iwọn otutu (0–10°C). Awọn eewu ti ko ni ibamu $200+ fun awọn itanran wakati.
Amoye Italolobo fun iye owo-fifipamọ awọn
(1) Ṣepọ Awọn gbigbe:
Fun awọn ibere kekere (awọn ẹya 2-5), lo LCL (Kere ju Ẹru Apoti) ẹru okun lati ge awọn idiyele nipasẹ 30%.
(2) Mu Iṣakojọpọ pọ si
Pa awọn ilẹkun gilasi / awọn fireemu lati dinku iwọn didun-fifipamọ 15-20% lori ẹru afẹfẹ (ti a gba agbara nipasẹ iwuwo iwọn: ipari × iwọn × iga / 6000).
(3) Agbara Iwe-tẹlẹ
Awọn iho ipamọ okun/afẹfẹ 4-6 ọsẹ ni ilosiwaju lakoko awọn akoko ti o ga julọ lati yago fun awọn oṣuwọn Ere.
(4) Iṣeduro
Ṣafikun “agbegbe iyapa iwọn otutu” (0.2% ti iye ẹru) lati daabobo lodi si ibajẹ tabi ibajẹ ohun elo.
FAQ: Gbigbe Awọn ifihan ti a fi firiji ranṣẹ lati Ilu China
Q: Awọn iwe aṣẹ wo ni o nilo fun awọn aṣa?
A: risiti iṣowo, atokọ iṣakojọpọ, iwe-ẹri CE/UL (fun EU/US), ati iwe-ipamọ iwọn otutu kan (ti a beere fun awọn atunbere).
Q: Bawo ni lati mu awọn ọja ti o bajẹ?
A: Ṣayẹwo ẹru ni awọn ebute oko oju omi ati gbe ẹtọ kan laarin awọn ọjọ 3 (afẹfẹ) tabi awọn ọjọ 7 (okun) pẹlu awọn fọto ti ibajẹ.
Q: Njẹ ẹru ọkọ oju-irin jẹ aṣayan fun Yuroopu?
A: Bẹẹni-China → Iṣinipopada Yuroopu gba awọn ọjọ 18-22, pẹlu awọn oṣuwọn ~ 30% kekere ju afẹfẹ ṣugbọn 50% ga ju okun lọ.
Fun 2025, ẹru ọkọ oju omi jẹ iye owo ti o munadoko julọ fun awọn gbigbe ifihan ti o ni itutu pupọ (fifipamọ 60%+ vs. air), lakoko ti ẹru ọkọ oju-omi afẹfẹ baamu ni iyara, awọn aṣẹ ipele kekere. Lo itọsọna yii lati ṣe afiwe awọn ipa-ọna, ifosiwewe ni awọn idiyele afikun, ati gbero siwaju lati yago fun awọn idaduro akoko ti o ga julọ.
Akoko ifiweranṣẹ: Oṣu Kẹjọ-05-2025 Awọn iwo: