Eminyakeni yamuva nje, ngokushisa okuqhubekayo kwemakethe yabathengi yomhlaba wonke, amafriji amakhekhe, njengemishini eyinhloko yokugcina amakhekhe nokubonisa, angena enkathini yegolide yokukhula okusheshayo. Kusukela ekubonisweni kobungcweti ezindaweni zokubhaka zezentengiselwano kuya ekugcinweni okuhle kakhulu ezimweni zasekhaya, isidingo semakethe samafriji amakhekhe sihlala sihlukaniswa, ukungena kwesifunda kuyajula, ukusungula ubuchwepheshe kuyasheshisa ukuphindaphinda, futhi banezici zokusetshenziswa okuhlukile nokwehluka. Okulandelayo kuhlaziya ukuthambekela kokuthuthuka kwemakethe yamafriji amakhekhe ngo-2025 kusuka ezicini ezintathu: usayizi wemakethe, amaqembu abathengi, kanye nezitayela zobuchwepheshe. Ngokusho kokubalwa yi-Red Meal Industry Research Institute, isilinganiso semakethe yokubhaka kulindeleke ukuthi sifinyelele ku-116 billion yuan ngo-2025. Kusukela ngoMeyi 2025, inani lezitolo zokubhaka ezweni lonke lifinyelele ku-338,000, kanti isidingo samakhabethe amakhekhe sikhuphuke ngo-60%.
Usayizi Wemakethe Nokusatshalaliswa Kwesifunda: I-East China Iyahola, Imakethe Ecwilayo Iba Yindawo Entsha Yokukhula
Indlela yokwanda kwemakethe yesiqandisi samakhekhe ibonisa ukubuswa kokusetshenziswa kwezifunda ezithuthukile kwezomnotho futhi ikhombisa namathuba amakhulu emakethe yokucwila.
Ngokuphathelene nosayizi wemakethe, ukuzuza ekukhuleni kochungechunge lwezindawo zokubhaka, ukuthandwa kwezimo zokubhaka ekhaya, kanye nokwanda kokuvama kokusetshenziswa kwama-dessert, imakethe yesiqandisi samakhekhe igcine ukukhula okuphindwe kabili eminyakeni yamuva. Uma sibheka isigqi sokukhula kochungechunge lwemboni yokubhaka, ubukhulu bemakethe yesiqandisi samakhekhe yaseShayina kulindeleke ukuthi budlule ama-yuan ayizigidi eziyizinkulungwane eziyi-9 ngo-2025, bufinyelele ukukhula okuphindwe kabili uma kuqhathaniswa no-2020. Lokhu kukhula akuveli nje kuphela esidingweni sokuvuselelwa kwemishini emakethe yezentengiselwano kodwa futhi nasekukhuleni okusheshayo kwama-friji amancane ekhekhe emakhaya. Ngokuthandwa kwamakhekhe nama-dessert enziwe ekhaya, isidingo sabathengi "sezinto ezisanda kwenziwa, ezigcinwe ngokushesha, futhi ezidliwa zisha" sikhuthaze ukukhula kwemakethe yemindeni.
Ngokuphathelene nokusatshalaliswa kwesifunda, iMpumalanga China ihola izwe ngesabelo semakethe esingu-38%, iba yisifunda esiyinhloko sokusetshenziswa kwamafriji amakhekhe. Lesi sifunda sinemboni yokubhaka evuthiwe (njengobuningi bemikhiqizo yokubhaka e-Shanghai nase-Hangzhou ebekwe phakathi kweziphezulu ezweni), izakhamuzi zinokudla okuneziphuphu eziningi, futhi isidingo sokuthuthukisa amafriji amakhekhe ezentengiselwano sinamandla. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, umqondo wokuphila okumnandi phakathi kwemindeni eMpumalanga China uvelele, futhi izinga lokungena kwamafriji amakhekhe amancane emindeni liphakeme ngamaphesenti angu-15 kunesilinganiso sikazwelonke.
Imakethe yokucwila (amadolobha nezifunda ezisezingeni lesithathu nelesine) ikhombisa ukukhula okunamandla, kanti ukukhula kokuthengisa kulindeleke ukuthi kufinyelele ku-22% ngo-2025, kudlule kakhulu u-8% emadolobheni asezingeni lokuqala. Ngemuva kwalokhu kukhona ukwanda okusheshayo kwama-bakery emakethe yokucwila. Imodeli "yetiye + yokubhaka" eqhutshwa yimikhiqizo efana neMixue Bingcheng neGuming iye yehla, yabangela inani elikhulu lezidingo zemishini yama-bakery amancane naphakathi. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, ukuphishekela kwezakhamuzi zesifunda ukusetshenziswa kwemikhosi kuye kwathuthuka, futhi isidingo sokugcina amakhekhe okuzalwa nama-dessert enziwe ekhaya sikhuthaze ukuthandwa kwamafriji amakhekhe asekhaya. Ukucwila kweziteshi ze-e-commerce kanye nokuthuthukiswa kohlelo lokuhambisa izinto kuye kwenza amamodeli asekhaya angabizi kakhulu afinyelele ngokushesha kulezi zifunda.
Ezingeni lemakethe yomhlaba wonke, amazwe aseYurophu naseMelika anemakethe yamafriji amakhekhe ebhizinisi avuthiwe ngenxa yesiko lawo lokubhaka elidala, kodwa ukukhula kuyehla. Izimakethe ezisafufusa ezimelelwe yiShayina neNingizimu-mpumalanga ye-Asia, ezithembele ekuthuthukisweni kokusetshenziswa kanye nokwanda kwemboni yokubhaka, ziba yizindawo eziyinhloko zokukhula kwesidingo samafriji amakhekhe emhlabeni wonke. Kulindeleke ukuthi imakethe yamafriji amakhekhe yaseShayina izobalelwa ku-28% wemakethe yomhlaba wonke ngo-2025, ukwanda ngamaphesenti ayi-10 uma kuqhathaniswa no-2020.
Amaqembu Abathengi Nokubekwa Komkhiqizo: Ukuhlukaniswa Kwezigcawu Kushukumisa Ukuhlukahluka Komkhiqizo
Amaqembu abathengi beziqandisi zamakhekhe abonisa izici ezicacile zokwehluka kwendawo. Umehluko wesidingo phakathi kwezimakethe zezentengiselwano nezezindlu ukhuthaze ukuthuthukiswa kokubekwa komkhiqizo kanye nokumbozwa okugcwele kwamanani.
Imakethe yezohwebo: egxile ekufuneni kobungcweti, egcizelela kokubili umsebenzi kanye nokubonisa
Ama-chein bakery kanye nama-workshop e-dessert yiwona abasebenzisi abayinhloko beziqandisi zamakhekhe ezentengiselwano. Amaqembu anjalo anezidingo eziqinile ngomthamo, ukunemba kokulawula izinga lokushisa, kanye nomphumela wokubonisa wemishini. Isibonelo, imikhiqizo ye-chein ephezulu ivame ukukhetha iziqandisi zamakhekhe ezinezinhlelo zomoya ezipholile ezingenaqhwa (iphutha lokulawula izinga lokushisa ≤ ±1℃) ukuqinisekisa ukuthi amakhekhe akhilimu, ama-mousse, kanye namanye ama-dessert awawohloki ekushiseni okuphezulu kokugcina okungu-2-8℃. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, ukwakheka kweminyango yengilazi ekhanyayo evikela inkungu kanye nokulungiswa kokushisa kombala kokukhanya kwe-LED kwangaphakathi (ukukhanya okumhlophe okufudumele okungu-4000K kwenza ama-dessert abe nombala kakhulu) sekuyisihluthulelo sokuthuthukisa ukukhanga komkhiqizo. Intengo yale mishini yezentengiselwano ikakhulukazi ingu-5,000-20,000 yuan. Imikhiqizo yangaphandle ithatha imakethe ye-chein ephezulu ngezinzuzo zobuchwepheshe, kuyilapho imikhiqizo yasekhaya iwina ngokusebenza kahle kwezindleko phakathi kwabathengisi abancane nabaphakathi.
Imakethe yasekhaya: ukwenziwa okuncane kanye nokwanda kobuhlakani
Izidingo zabasebenzisi bekhaya zigxile “ekubeni nomthamo omncane, ukusebenza okulula, kanye nokubukeka okuphezulu”. Iziqandisi ezincane zamakhekhe ezinomthamo wama-50-100L seziyinto evamile, ezingafakwa emakhabetheni ekhishini noma zibekwe egumbini lokuphumula ukuze kuhlangatshezwane nezidingo zansuku zonke zokugcina amaswidi zemindeni yabantu abangu-3-5. Ukuthuthukiswa kokuqwashisa ngempilo kwenza abasebenzisi bekhaya banake kakhulu ukuphepha kwezinto ezibonakalayo, futhi imikhiqizo esebenzisa amathangi angaphakathi ensimbi engagqwali angu-304 kanye nobuchwepheshe bokuqandisa obungena-fluorine ithandwa kakhulu. Ngokuphathelene nentengo, iziqandisi zamakhekhe zasekhaya zibonisa ukusatshalaliswa kwe-gradient: amamodeli ayisisekelo (800-1500 yuan) ahlangabezana nezidingo ezilula zokuqandisa; amamodeli aphakathi kuya kwaphezulu (2000-5000 yuan) afakwe ukulawula izinga lokushisa okuhlakaniphile (ukulungiswa kwezinga lokushisa okukude kwe-APP yeselula), ukulungiswa komswakama (ukuvimbela amakhekhe ukuthi ome) kanye neminye imisebenzi, ngokukhula okukhulu.
Ukumbozwa okugcwele kwamanani entengo kanye nokuguqulwa kwesimo
Imakethe inakho konke kusukela kumakhabethe okubonisa alula aqandisiwe abathengisi beselula (ngaphansi kwama-yuan ayi-1,000) kuya kumamodeli enziwe ngokwezifiso eziteshini zama-dessert zamahhotela ezinkanyezi ezinhlanu (intengo yeyunithi idlula ama-yuan ayi-50,000), emboza zonke izidingo zezindawo kusukela ezisezingeni eliphansi kuya kweziphezulu. Lokhu kubekwa okuhlukahlukene kwenza amafriji amakhekhe angagcini nje ngokuba yimishini yokugcina izinto kodwa futhi “amakhadi ebhizinisi okubonisa” amabhikawozi kanye “nezinto zobuhle bempilo” zemindeni.
Ukusungula Ubuchwepheshe kanye Nezindlela Zesikhathi Esizayo: Ubuhlakani, Ukuvikelwa Kwemvelo, kanye Nokuhlanganiswa Kwezigcawu
Ukusungula izinto ezintsha kwezobuchwepheshe kuyinjini eyinhloko yokukhula okuqhubekayo kwemakethe yesiqandisi samakhekhe. Imikhiqizo yesikhathi esizayo izokwenza intuthuko ekuhlakanipheni, ekusebenzeni kwemvelo, kanye nokuzivumelanisa nezimo kwendawo.
Ukungena okusheshayo kobuhlakani
Kulindeleke ukuthi ngo-2030, izinga lokungena emakethe lamafriji ekhekhe ahlakaniphile lizodlula u-60%. Njengamanje, amafriji ekhekhe ahlakaniphile ezentengiselwano afinyelele “ezinguquko ezintathu”: ukulawulwa kokushisa okuhlakaniphile (ukuqapha izinga lokushisa langaphakathi ngesikhathi sangempela ngezinzwa, ukulungiswa okuzenzakalelayo lapho ukuphambuka kudlula u-0.5℃), ukuboniswa kokusetshenziswa kwamandla (ukuboniswa kokusetshenziswa kwamandla ngesikhathi sangempela kwe-APP ukuze kulungiselelwe izindleko zokusebenza), kanye nesexwayiso sempahla (ukuhlonza impahla yamakhekhe ngamakhamera ukukhumbuza ukuphinda kugcwaliswe). Amamodeli asekhaya athuthukela kulawo “anobungani nobuvila”, njengokulungiswa kokushisa okulawulwa yizwi kanye nokuqhathaniswa okuzenzakalelayo kwezindlela zokugcina ngokwezinhlobo zamakhekhe (njengamakhekhe e-chiffon adinga umswakama ophansi kanye nama-mousse adinga izinga lokushisa eliphansi njalo), kunciphisa umkhawulo wokusetshenziswa.
Ukuvikelwa kwemvelo kanye nomklamo wokonga amandla kuba yinto ejwayelekile
Ngokuthuthuka kwenqubomgomo "yekhabhoni ephindwe kabili" kanye nokujula kwemibono yokusebenzisa okuluhlaza, izimfanelo zokuvikela imvelo zamafriji ekhekhe ziye zaba zibaluleke kakhulu. Abakhiqizi sebeqalile ukusebenzisa amafriji anobungani nemvelo (njenge-R290 uketshezi lokusebenza lwemvelo, olunenani le-GWP eliseduze no-0) ukuze kuthathelwe indawo i-Freon yendabuko. Ngokwenza ngcono ukusebenza kwe-compressor kanye nezinto zokuvikela (amaphaneli okuvikela i-vacuum), ukusetshenziswa kwamandla kuncishiswe ngaphezu kuka-20%. Amanye amamodeli aphezulu nawo anemodi "yokonga amandla ebusuku", enciphisa ngokuzenzakalelayo amandla okupholisa, afanelekela amabhikawozi ngesikhathi samahora angewona awebhizinisi, okusindisa ama-degree angaphezu kuka-300 kagesi ngonyaka.
Ukuhlanganiswa kwemisebenzi eminingi kanye nendawo kwandisa imingcele
Amafriji ekhekhe anamuhla adlula emsebenzini wokugcina owodwa futhi aguqukela ekuhlanganisweni "kwesitoreji + ukubonisa + ukusebenzisana". Amamodeli ezentengiselwano aneze izikrini ezisebenzisanayo ukubonisa ulwazi lwezinto zokusetshenziswa kwekhekhe kanye nezinqubo zokukhiqiza, okuthuthukisa ukwethenjwa kwabathengi. Amamodeli asekhaya aklanywe ngezingxenye ezihlukaniswayo ukuze avumelane nokugcinwa kwezithako ezahlukahlukene njengamakhekhe, izithelo, noshizi. Amanye amamodeli aze ahlanganise nomsebenzi omncane wokwenza iqhwa, azivumelanise nezimo zama-dessert asehlobo. Idatha ikhombisa ukuthi amafriji ekhekhe anemisebenzi yesigcawu engaphezu kwemibili anokwenyuka okungu-40% ekuthengeni kabusha kwabasebenzisi i-Will.
Umkhuba omuhle wesikhathi eside wokukhiqiza kanye nesidingo
Njengoba imboni yokubhaka ikhula, amandla okukhiqiza kanye nesidingo samafriji ekhekhe kuzoqhubeka nokukhula. Kulindeleke ukuthi amandla okukhiqiza wonke amafriji ekhekhe aseShayina azofinyelela kumayunithi ayizigidi ezingu-18 ngo-2025 (65% yokusetshenziswa kwezentengiselwano kanye no-35% wokusetshenziswa kwekhaya), kanye nesidingo samayunithi ayizigidi ezingu-15; ngo-2030, amandla okukhiqiza kulindeleke ukuthi akhuphuke abe amayunithi ayizigidi ezingu-28, kanye nesidingo samayunithi ayizigidi ezingu-25, kanti isabelo semakethe yomhlaba wonke sizodlula u-35%. Ukukhula okuhambisanayo kwamandla okukhiqiza kanye nesidingo kusho ukuthi ukuncintisana kwemboni kuzogxila ekuhlukaniseni ubuchwepheshe kanye nokusungula izinto ezintsha. Noma ngubani ongakwazi ukuthola ngokunembile izidingo ezihlukaniswe ngokwezigaba zezimakethe zezentengiselwano nezekhaya uzohola ekukhuleni kwenzuzo.
Imakethe yesiqandisi samakhekhe ngo-2025 imi endaweni yokuhlangana kokuthuthukiswa kokusetshenziswa kanye nokusungula izinto ezintsha kwezobuchwepheshe. Kusukela ekusetshenzisweni kwekhwalithi eMpumalanga yeShayina kuya egagasini lokwanda emakethe yokucwila, kusukela ekuthuthukisweni kobungcweti kwemishini yezentengiselwano kuya ekusungulweni kwemikhiqizo yasekhaya okusekelwe endaweni, iziqandisi zamakhekhe azisezona “amathuluzi esiqandisi” alula kodwa “ingqalasizinda” yokuthuthukiswa kwemboni yokubhaka kanye “nezinto ezijwayelekile” zempilo yekhwalithi yomndeni. Esikhathini esizayo, ngokusetshenziswa okujulile kobuchwepheshe obuhlakaniphile nobunobungani nemvelo kanye nokwanda okuqhubekayo kwezimo zokusetshenziswa kokubhaka, imakethe yesiqandisi samakhekhe izoletha isikhala sokukhula esibanzi.
Isikhathi sokuthunyelwe: Sep-04-2025 Ukubukwa: