Kusukela ngo-2025, imboni yomhlaba wonke eqandisiwe igcine ukukhula okuzinzile ngaphansi kwengcindezi ephindwe kabili yokuthuthukiswa kobuchwepheshe kanye nezinguquko ekudingweni kwabathengi. Kusukela ensimini ehlukanisiwe yokudla okomisiwe okuqandisiwe kuya emakethe iyonke ehlanganisa ukudla okuqandisiwe okusheshayo nokuqandisiwe, imboni iveza iphethini yentuthuko ehlukahlukene. Ukusungula izinto ezintsha kwezobuchwepheshe kanye nokuthuthukiswa kokusetshenziswa kube yizinjini zokukhula eziyinhloko.
I. Usayizi wemakethe: Ukukhula okunciphile kusuka emasimini ahlukanisiwe kuya embonini iyonke
Kusukela ngo-2024 kuya ku-2030, imakethe yokudla okomisiwe eqandisiwe izokhula ngesilinganiso sokukhula saminyaka yonke esingu-8.35%. Ngo-2030, usayizi wemakethe kulindeleke ukuthi ufinyelele ku-5.2 billion zamaRandi aseMelika. Ukukhula kwayo kuvela kakhulu ekuthuthukisweni kokuqwashisa ngezempilo kanye nokuthandwa kwemikhiqizo esekulungele ukudliwa.
(1) Isidingo sokunethezeka sibangela imakethe yama-trillion dollar
Ngokusho kwedatha ye-Mordor Intelligence, ngo-2023, usayizi wemakethe yokudla okomisiwe emhlabeni wonke wafinyelela ku-2.98 billion zamaRandi aseMelika, futhi wanda wafinyelela cishe ku-3.2 billion zamaRandi aseMelika ngo-2024. Le mikhiqizo ihlanganisa izigaba eziningi ezifana nemifino, izithelo, inyama kanye nezinkukhu, kanye nokudla okulula, okuhlangabezana nezidingo zabathengi zokudla okulungele ukudliwa kanye nokudla okulula.
(2) Isikhala semakethe esibanzi
Idatha evela ku-Grandview Research ikhombisa ukuthi ngo-2023, usayizi wemakethe yokudla okuqandisiwe emhlabeni wonke ufinyelele ku-193.74 billion zamaRandi aseMelika. Kulindeleke ukuthi ikhule ngesilinganiso sokukhula saminyaka yonke esingu-5.4% kusukela ngo-2024 kuya ku-2030. Ngo-2030, usayizi wemakethe uzodlula amaRandi ayizigidigidi ezingama-300. Phakathi kwazo, ukudla okuqandisiwe ngokushesha kuyisigaba esiyinhloko. Ngo-2023, usayizi wemakethe ufinyelele ku-297.5 billion zamaRandi aseMelika (Fortune Business Insights). Ukudla okulula okuqandisiwe kanye nemikhiqizo ebhakiwe kubalwa njengesilinganiso esiphezulu (37%).
II. Imizamo yokusebenzisana kokusetshenziswa, ubuchwepheshe kanye nochungechunge lokuhlinzeka
Ngokusheshisa kokukhula kwedolobha emhlabeni jikelele, ezimakethe zaseNyakatho Melika naseYurophu, izinga lokungena kwezidlo eziqandisiwe ngokushesha kanye nezitsha ezilungisiwe liphezulu kakhulu. Ngo-2023, ukudla okulungele ukudliwa kubalwa u-42.9% wemakethe eqandisiwe. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, ukuqwashisa ngezempilo kushukumisela abathengi ukuthi bakhethe imikhiqizo eqandisiwe enezithasiselo eziphansi kanye nokudla okunempilo okuphezulu. Idatha ikhombisa ukuthi ngo-2021, isidingo somhlaba wonke sokudla okuqandisiwe okunempilo sanda ngo-10.9%, phakathi kwalokho imikhiqizo yokudla kwasekuseni yabonisa ukwanda okukhulu.
(1) Intuthuko yezobuchwepheshe kanye nokumiswa kwezimboni
Ukuthuthukiswa kobuchwepheshe bokuqandisa kuyinsika yentuthuko yemboni. Iziqandisi eziqandisa ngokuzenzakalelayo zezentengiselwano sezibe yindlela eyinhloko yokucubungula ukudla okusezingeni eliphezulu. Ithiyori ethi “TTT” (ukubekezelela izinga lokushisa ngesikhathi) ensimini yokuqandisa ngokushesha ikhuthaza ukwenziwa kwemikhiqizo ejwayelekile. Uma ihlanganiswe nobuchwepheshe bokuqandisa ngokushesha ngakunye, ithuthukisa ukusebenza kahle kwezimboni kokudla okuqandisiwe.
(2) Ukuthuthukiswa ngokubambisana kwezinhlelo zokusebenza ze-cold chain
Kusukela ngo-2023 kuya ku-2025, usayizi wemakethe yezokuthutha emhlabeni wonke ufinyelele ku-292.8 billion zamaRandi aseMelika. I-China, enesabelo esingu-25%, isibe yindawo ebalulekile yokukhula esifundeni sase-Asia-Pacific. Nakuba iziteshi ezingaxhunyiwe ku-inthanethi (izitolo ezinkulu, izitolo ezithengisa izinto ezishibhile) zisasebenza ku-89.2% wesabelo, imikhiqizo efana ne-Goodpop ikhuthaza ukwanda kokungena kweziteshi eziku-inthanethi ngokuthengisa ngqo imikhiqizo yeqhwa yemvelo ngamawebhusayithi asemthethweni.
Ngesikhathi esifanayo, isidingo sokuthuthukiswa kwezimboni embonini yezokupheka (njengokuthengwa kwemikhiqizo eqandisiwe eqediwe yizindawo zokudlela ezithengiswayo) siqhubekisela phambili ukukhula kwemakethe ye-B-end. Ngo-2022, ukuthengiswa kokudla okuqandisiwe emhlabeni wonke kokupheka kukhuphuke ngo-10.4%. Inkukhu ecutshunguliwe, i-pizza eqandisiwe ngokushesha kanye nezinye izigaba zifunwa kakhulu.
III. Ibuswa yiYurophu neMelika, i-Asia-Pacific iyakhula
Ngokombono wesifunda, iNyakatho Melika neYurophu ziyizimakethe ezivuthiwe zokudla okuqandisiwe. Imikhuba yokudla okuvuthiwe kanye nengqalasizinda ephelele ye-cold chain yizinzuzo eziyinhloko. Isifunda sase-Asia-Pacific sibekwe endaweni yesithathu ngesabelo esingu-24%, kodwa sinamandla okukhula avelele: Ngo-2023, ubukhulu bemakethe ye-cold chain yaseShayina bufinyelele ku-73.3 billion zamaRandi aseMelika, okubalwa ku-25% yenani lomhlaba wonke. Izimakethe ezisafufusa njenge-India kanye ne-Southeast Asia zibone ukwanda okusheshayo kwezinga lokungena kokudla okuqandisiwe ngenxa yenzuzo yabantu kanye nenqubo yokufudukela emadolobheni, okuba yizindawo ezintsha zokukhula embonini.
IV. Ukuthengiswa okwandayo kwamakhabethe okubonisa aqandisiwe
Ngokukhula komnotho kwemboni yokudla eqandisiwe, ukuthengiswa kwamakhabethe okubonisa aqandisiwe (amafriji aqondile, amafriji esifuba) nakho kukhuphukile. UNenwell uthe kunemibuzo eminingi yabasebenzisi mayelana nokuthengiswa kulo nyaka. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, ibhekene nezinselele namathuba. Ukuqamba amafriji ebhizinisi asezingeni eliphezulu nokusebenzisa ubuchwepheshe obusha ukuqeda imishini yokuqandisa endala.
Imboni yomhlaba wonke eqandisiwe ishintsha kusukela ekudingweni okuqinile "kohlobo lokusinda" kuya ekusetshenzisweni "kohlobo lwekhwalithi". Intuthuko yezobuchwepheshe kanye nokuphindaphinda kwesidingo ngokubambisana kudonsa uhlelo lokukhula kwemboni. Amabhizinisi kudingeka agxile ekusungulweni komkhiqizo kanye nokwenza ngcono uchungechunge lokuhlinzeka ukuze abambe isikhala semakethe esikhula njalo, ikakhulukazi imishini yokuqandisa enesidingo esikhulu esiqinile.
Isikhathi sokuthunyelwe: Ephreli-03-2025 Ukubukwa: