Ungawathenga kanjani amafriji aqondile ikakhulukazi ezitolo ezinkulu? Ngokuvamile atholakala emazweni oqobo noma alandwe kwamanye amazwe. Intengo yokungenisa icishe iphakame ngo-20% kunentengo yezwe lendabuko, kuye ngohlobo nemingcele enemininingwane. Isibonelo, iziqandisi eziqondile zomnyango wengilazi ngokuvamile zisuka ku-$1000 ziye ku-$5000.
Izinto ezithinta intengo zifaka phakathi ukucaciswa kwezinto ezithengiwe, amashaneli, inani, nezimo zemakethe. Izinguquko kusici ngasinye zingase ziholele ezintengo ezihlukene, okulingana nokuguquguquka okungahleliwe.
Ukucaciswa kwezisetshenziswa ikakhulukazi kubandakanya izici ezifana namandla, imisebenzi, nezinto zokwakha. Isibonelo, iziqandisi ezinamandla amancane (200-400L) zibiza cishe u-$1100, ezinkulu (600L) zibiza cishe u-$2000, futhi intengo yeziqandisi ezinomthamo wangokwezifiso zinganqunywa ngokusekelwe ezimweni zangempela.
Ngokuphathelene nemisebenzi, le yamanje evamile ihlanganisa ukulawula izinga lokushisa okuhlakaniphile, ukonga amandla, ukufaka isiqandisi ngokushesha, nokuvala inzalo, okwandisa intengo ngo-40%. Ukonga amandla kubonakala kakhulu ekwamukelweni kokusebenza kahle kwamandla kwesigaba sokuqala. Umgomo wokuqandisa ngokushesha ukwenza i-compressor isebenze ngesivinini esikhulu.
Umthelela weziteshi enanini uyahlukahluka. Intengo yefekthri ephansi ayisho ngempela ukuthi intengo yokugcina izoba phansi. Kumele kuqashelwe ukuthi ukuhweba kwamanye amazwe kuhlanganisa izinqubo nezindleko ezihlukahlukene. Ezinye izinkampani ezihwebayo ezigxile ekuthumeleni iziqandisi ezimile nazo zingamashaneli abalulekile. Lapho uthenga, kuyadingeka ukubala inani elilinganisiwe futhi wenze ukukhetha ngokuhlaziya.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, ungakhohlwa izinzuzo zezinye iziteshi zokudayisa. Isibonelo, ukuthengwa kwenqwaba ezimbonini kubiza kakhulu, kodwa uma kuyiyunithi eyodwa eyenziwe ngokwezifiso, intengo ivamise ukuba phezulu. Ngakho-ke, ezinye iziteshi zokuthengisa nazo ziyizinketho ezinhle zemishini eqondile.
Uma kuziwa ekuthengeni, izimo zokusetshenziswa okuvamile yinxanxathela yezitolo, izitolo ezinkulu, nezitolo eziwuchungechunge, lapho inani likhulu ngokungenakugwenywa. Abanye abahlinzeki bazonikeza izaphulelo ngokusekelwe enanini elithile, ngokuvamile u-2% -10%, futhi ububanzi besaphulelo buncike enanini langempela.
Kufanele kuqashelwe ukuthi intengo yokungenisa impahla enezinto ezintekenteke njengengilazi ngokuvamile iphakeme kunaleyo yezinto ezivamile ezingantekenteke. Izinto ezibalulekile ezithonyayo zingahlaziywa kafushane kusuka ezinhlangothini ezintathu: izindleko zokuhlela, izindleko zokupakisha, namaphrimiyamu engcuphe:
(1) Izindleko eziphezulu zokuthutha
Izicabha zamafriji aqondile zinengilazi, futhi izinto ezintekenteke zinezidingo eziqinile zenqubo yokuthutha. Izindlela zokuhamba ezizinzile (njengokuthunyelwa kwesitsha esigcwele esithuthwayo sasolwandle kanye nezindawo ezikhethekile zokuthutha ngendiza) zidinga ukukhethwa ukuze kugwenywe ukuqhuma nokushayisana kwezokuthutha ze-LCL (Ngaphansi Komthwalo Wesitsha).
(2) Izindleko zokupakisha
Ukuze kuncishiswe izinga lomonakalo, izinto ezisebenzayo zebhafa (ezifana negwebu, ukugoqa ibhamuza, amaphalethi okhuni, amakhathoni angokwezifiso angevimbeli ukushaqeka, njll.) kuyadingeka, kanye namaphakheji ngokwezifiso angangeni manzi futhi amelana nokucindezela. Izindleko zezinto zokupakisha kanye nezindleko zokupakisha okwenziwa ngesandla ziphezulu kakhulu kunalezo zezimpahla ezijwayelekile.
(3) Iprimiyamu yengozi eshiwo
Abangenisa impahla kwamanye amazwe badinga ukuthwala ubungozi bokulimala kwezinto ezintekenteke ngesikhathi zilayishwa, zithululwa, zithuthwa, kanye nalapho kukhishwa khona izimpahla. Bangase badinge ukuthenga umshwalense wempahla ohlanganisa “ingcuphe yokuphuka” (iprimiyamu ngokuvamile iyiphesenti elithile yenani lempahla). Esimeni somonakalo, izindleko ezengeziwe zokugcwaliswa kabusha, ukubuyisela, nokushintshisana zizotholwa (njengokuthutha kwesibili, ukukhokhwa kabusha kwezintela, njll.). Lezi zindleko zobungozi zizokwabelwa inani lentengo yokungenisa ezweni ngokungaqondile, kwenze iprimiyamu efihliwe.
Ukwengeza, amanye amazwe anezindinganiso eziqinile zokuhlola imvume yentela yezinto ezithambile (njengokuhlola ukuthotshelwa kwamaphakheji, izimpawu zokuphepha, njll.). Uma izidingo ezengeziwe zokuhlola zidinga ukuhlangatshezwana nazo, kungase futhi kunyuse inani elincane lezindleko zokusebenza, kuphinde kuthinte intengo yokugcina yokungenisa.
Kafushane, "intengo engcono kakhulu" yabathengisi abancane nabamaphakathi abathenga iyunithi eyodwa ngokuvamile iba phakathi nebanga eliphansi lentengo yesisekelo (isibonelo, amamodeli ayisiqandisi angu-400L abiza u-$1100-$5500). Ngokuthenga ngobuningi (amayunithi angu-5 nangaphezulu), intengo engcono kakhulu ingehliswa ibe ngu-70% -80% yenani eliyisisekelo, futhi okubalulekile kufanele kunikezwe iziteshi ngobuningi ngabasabalalisi noma ukuthengwa okuqondile okuvela kubakhiqizi ngesikhathi esingekho isizini, kucatshangelwa kokubili amanani kanye nesevisi yangemuva kokuthengisa.
Isikhathi sokuthumela: Sep-02-2025 Ukubukwa: