Ezindleleni zokusebenza zezitolo ezinkulu nezitolo ezinkulu, uzothola ukuthi ukusetshenziswa kwamandla kwemishini yokuqandisa kubalwa ku-35%-40%. Njengedivayisi eyinhloko esetshenziswa kakhulu, ukusetshenziswa kwamandla kanye nokusebenza kokuthengisa kwamakhabethe okubonisa iziphuzo kuthinta ngqo inzuzo yesiphelo. "Umbiko Wokusebenza Kahle Kwemishini Yokuqandisa Yezentengiselwano Yomhlaba Wonke ka-2024" ukhomba ukuthi ukusetshenziswa kwamandla onyaka okujwayelekile kwamakhabethe okubonisa iziphuzo zendabuko kufinyelela ku-1,800 kWh, kuyilapho amakhabethe okubonisa umnyango wengilazi anobuchwepheshe obusha bokonga amandla anganciphisa ukusetshenziswa kwamandla ngaphezu kuka-30%. Ngokuhlola amakhabethe angaphezu kweshumi nambili, sithole ukuthi ukwakheka kokubonisa kwesayensi kungakhuphula kakhulu ukuthengiswa kweziphuzo ngo-25%-30%.
I. Intuthuko ebalulekile kwezobuchwepheshe ekunciphiseni ukusetshenziswa kwamandla ngo-30%
Ngokuvamile, ukunciphisa ukusetshenziswa kwamandla kudinga ukuxazulula izinkinga zokusetshenziswa kwamandla ngokuhlanganisa ukuthuthukiswa kwesistimu, ukwenza ngcono ukuqandisa uhlelo kanye nobunye ubuchwepheshe obuyinhloko. Njengamanje, ngokuthuthukiswa kobuchwepheshe, ukunciphisa ukusetshenziswa kwamandla ngo-30% kuletha izinselele ezithile!
Ukuthuthukiswa kwesistimu yokuvala: Ushintsho olusezingeni eliphezulu oluvela “ekuvutheni okubandayo” luye “ekukhiyeni okubandayo”
Izinga lokulahlekelwa nsuku zonke kwamakhabethe eziphuzo avulekile endabuko lifinyelela ku-25%, kuyilapho amakhabethe esimanje okubonisa iminyango yengilazi ephumelela kakhulu ngobuchwepheshe bokuvala kathathu:
1. Ingilazi embozwe nge-nano
Ingilazi ekhipha ugesi ophansi (Low-E) eyakhiwe yinkampani yaseJalimane iSchott ingavimba ama-90% emisebe ye-ultraviolet kanye nama-70% emisebe ye-infrared ngobukhulu obungu-2mm. Njengoba igesi ye-argon igcwele ungqimba olungenalutho, i-coefficient yokudlulisa ukushisa (inani le-U) yehliswa ibe ngu-1.2W/(m²·K), ukwehla okungu-40% uma kuqhathaniswa nengilazi evamile. Idatha elinganisiwe yesitolo esikhulu esithile ikhombisa ukuthi kwikhabhinethi yokubonisa esebenzisa le ngilazi, endaweni yokushisa yegumbi engu-35°C, ububanzi bokushintshashintsha kwezinga lokushisa ngaphakathi kwekhabhinethi buncishisiwe kusuka ku-±3°C kuya ku-±1°C, futhi imvamisa yokuqala nokuma kwe-compressor yehliswa ngo-35%.
2. Umugqa werabha wokuvala i-magnetic suction
Yenziwe ngezinto ze-ethylene propylene diene monomer (EPDM) zezinga lokudla, kuhlanganiswe nomklamo we-magnetic strip ohlanganisiwe, ingcindezi yokuvala ifinyelela ku-8N/cm, ukwanda okungu-50% uma kuqhathaniswa ne-rubber strips yendabuko. Imininingwane evela ejensi yokuhlola yangaphandle ikhombisa ukuthi umjikelezo wokuguga walolu hlobo lwe-rubber strip endaweni engu--20°C kuya ku-50°C unwetshwa ube yiminyaka engu-8, kanti izinga lokuvuza okubandayo lincishisiwe lisuka ku-15% wesisombululo sendabuko liye ku-4.7%.
3. I-valve yokulinganisela umfutho womoya onamandla
Uma umnyango uvulwa noma uvaliwe, inzwa eyakhelwe ngaphakathi ilungisa ngokuzenzakalelayo ingcindezi yomoya wangaphakathi yekhabhinethi ukuze igweme ukugcwala komoya obandayo okubangelwa umehluko wengcindezi yangaphakathi neyangaphandle. Izilinganiso zangempela zibonisa ukuthi ukulahlekelwa ubanda ngesikhathi sokuvulwa komnyango owodwa kwehle kusuka ku-200 kJ kuya ku-80 kJ, okulingana nokwehla kuka-0.01 kWh kokusetshenziswa kukagesi ngokuvulwa nokuvalwa komnyango.
Ukuthuthukiswa kwesistimu yesiqandisi: Umqondo oyinhloko wokwandisa isilinganiso sokusebenza kahle kwamandla ngo-45%
Ngokusho kwedatha ye-China National Institute of Standardization, isilinganiso sokusebenza kahle kwamandla (EER) samakhabethe amasha okubonisa iziphuzo zengilazi ngo-2023 singafinyelela ku-3.2, ukwanda okungu-45% uma kuqhathaniswa no-2.2 ngo-2018, ikakhulukazi ngenxa yokuthuthukiswa kwezobuchwepheshe okuthathu okukhulu:
1. I-compressor yemvamisa eguquguqukayo
Isebenzisa ubuchwepheshe be-DC variable frequency bemikhiqizo efana ne-Nenwell ne-Panasonic, ingakwazi ukulungisa ngokuzenzakalelayo isivinini sokujikeleza ngokuya ngomthwalo. Ngesikhathi sezimoto ezincane (njengasekuseni kakhulu), ukusetshenziswa kwamandla kungu-30% kuphela womthwalo ogcwele. Ukulinganiswa kwangempela kwezitolo ezilula kukhombisa ukuthi ukusetshenziswa kwamandla kwansuku zonke kwemodeli ye-variable frequency kungu-1.2 kWh, ukonga okungu-33% uma kuqhathaniswa nemodeli ye-fixed frequency (1.8 kWh ngosuku).
2. Isifudumezi esizungezile
Indawo ye-evaporator inkulu ngo-20% kunesixazululo sendabuko. Ngokwenziwa ngcono kwesakhiwo sangaphakathi se-fin, ukusebenza kahle kokudlulisa ukushisa kukhushulwa ngo-25%. Idatha yokuhlola ye-American Society of Heating, Refrigerating and Air-Conditioning Engineers (ASHRAE) ikhombisa ukuthi lo mklamo uthuthukisa ukufana kwezinga lokushisa ngaphakathi kwekhabhinethi kusukela ku-±2°C kuya ku-±0.8°C, okugwema ukuqala njalo kwe-compressor okubangelwa ukushisa ngokweqile kwendawo.
3. Uhlelo lokuncibilikisa oluhlakaniphile
Ukuncibilikisa okwenziwa ngomshini okuvamile kuqala izikhathi ezingu-3 - 4 njalo emahoreni angu-24, isikhathi ngasinye kuthatha imizuzu engu-20 futhi kudle ugesi ongu-0.3 kWh. Uhlelo olusha lokuncibilikisa okwenziwa ngogesi luhlulela ngokunamandla izinga lokuncibilikisa ngenzwa yomswakama. Izikhathi zokuncibilikisa ezijwayelekile zansuku zonke zincishiswa zibe izikhathi ezingu-1 - 2, kanti ukusetshenziswa kwesikhathi esisodwa kuncishiswa kube imizuzu eyi-10, konga ugesi ongaphezu kuka-120 kWh ngonyaka.
II. Imithetho yegolide yokuklama ukubonisa ukwandisa ukuthengisa ngo-25%
Ukwandisa ukuthengisa kudinga imithetho ebalulekile yokuklama, okungukuthi, imithetho yegolide iyizixazululo ezihambisana nezikhathi. Izakhiwo ezahlukene kanye nezinhlelo zingathuthukisa ukusebenza kahle futhi zilethe nokuhlangenwe nakho okungcono komsebenzisi. Abantu bebelokhu begxile esimisweni sobungani bokusebenzisa futhi beqhubeka nokuphula imikhawulo yemithetho ukuze benze izimangaliso ezengeziwe.
(1) Ukumaketha okubonakalayo: Ukuguqulwa kusuka “ekubeni khona” kuya “ekufiseni ukuthenga”
Ngokusho kombono "wezomnotho wokubona" embonini yokuthengisa, izinga lokuchofoza lemikhiqizo ebangeni lokuphakama eliyi-1.2 - 1.5 metres liphindwe kathathu kuneleshalofu elingezansi. Isitolo esikhulu esithile sibeka ungqimba oluphakathi (amamitha ayi-1.3 - 1.4) lwekhabhinethi yokubonisa umnyango wengilazi njengendawo "ye-blockbuster", sigxile ekuboniseni iziphuzo ezidumile eziku-inthanethi ngentengo yeyunithi engu-$1.2 - $2. Umthamo wokuthengisa wale ndawo ubiza u-45% wesamba, ukwanda okungu-22% uma kuqhathaniswa nokwangaphambi kokuguqulwa.
Ngokombono womklamo we-light matrix, ukukhanya okumhlophe okufudumele (3000K) kunokubuyiselwa kombala okungcono kakhulu kwemikhiqizo yobisi namajusi, kuyilapho ukukhanya okumhlophe okubandayo (6500K) kungagqamisa kangcono ukucaca kweziphuzo ezine-carbonated. Uhlobo oluthile lweziphuzo oluhlolwe ngokubambisana nesitolo esikhulu futhi lwathola ukuthi ukufaka umugqa wokukhanya we-LED othambekele ku-30° (illuminance 500lux) phezulu ohlangothini lwangaphakathi lomnyango wengilazi kungandisa ukunaka kwemikhiqizo eyodwa ngo-35%, ikakhulukazi ekupakisheni okune-metallic luster emzimbeni webhodlela, futhi umphumela wokubonakalisa ungadonsela ukunaka kwamakhasimende amamitha ama-5 ukusuka lapho.
Ithempulethi yokubonisa eguquguqukayo: Njengoba isebenzisa amashalofu alungisekayo (anokuphakama kwesendlalelo okuxutshwa ngokukhululeka kusuka ku-5 - 15cm) kanye nethileyi elithambekele ku-15°, ilebula yomzimba webhodlela lesiphuzo kanye nomugqa wokubona kwakha i-engeli engu-90°. Imininingwane ye-Walmart eShayina ikhombisa ukuthi lo mklamo ufinyeza isikhathi sokukhetha esimaphakathi samakhasimende kusuka kumasekhondi angu-8 kuya kumasekhondi angu-3, futhi izinga lokuthenga kabusha likhuphuka ngo-18%.
(2) Isibonisi esisekelwe esimweni: Ukwakha kabusha indlela yokwenza izinqumo zabathengi
1. Isu lokuhlanganisa isikhathi
Ngesikhathi sokudla kwasekuseni (7 - 9 ekuseni), bonisa iziphuzo ezisebenzayo + inhlanganisela yobisi ongqimbeni lokuqala lwekhabethe lokubonisa. Ngesikhathi sokudla kwasemini (11 - 13 ntambama), khuthaza iziphuzo zetiye + iziphuzo ezine-carbonated. Ngesikhathi sokudla kwasemini (17 - 19 ntambama), gxila kumajusi + i-yogurt. Ngemva kokuba isitolo esithile somphakathi sisebenzise leli qhinga, inani lokuthengisa phakathi namahora angewona amatasa landa ngo-28%, kanti intengo yamakhasimende ejwayelekile yanda isuka ku-$1.6 yuan yaya ku-$2.
2. Kuhlanganiswe nemicimbi eshisayo
Kuhlanganiswe nemicimbi eshisayo njengeNdebe Yomhlaba kanye nemikhosi yomculo, beka amaphosta anesihloko ngaphandle kwekhabethe lokubonisa bese usetha indawo "okumelwe ube nayo ukuze uhlale uphapheme kuze kube sebusuku" (iziphuzo zamandla + amanzi e-electrolyte) ngaphakathi. Idatha ikhombisa ukuthi lolu hlobo lokubonisa olusekelwe ezimweni lungandisa inani lokuthengisa lezigaba ezihlobene ngo-40% - 60% ngesikhathi somcimbi.
3. Isibonisi sokungafani kwentengo
Bonisa iziphuzo ezingenisiwe ezingenisiwe eziphezulu (intengo yeyunithi $2 – $2.7) eduze kweziphuzo ezidumile zasekhaya (intengo yeyunithi $0.6 – $1.1). Sebenzisa ukuqhathanisa intengo ukugqamisa ukusebenza kahle kwezindleko. Ukuhlolwa kwesitolo esikhulu esithile kukhombisa ukuthi leli cebo lingakhuphula inani lokuthengisa leziphuzo ezingenisiwe ngo-30% ngenkathi liqhuba inani lokuthengisa leziphuzo zasekhaya ukuthi likhuphuke ngo-15%.
III. Amacala asebenzayo: Kusukela "ekuqinisekisweni kwedatha" kuya "ekukhuleni kwenzuzo"
Ngokusho kwedatha kaNenwell ngonyaka odlule, ukunciphisa izindleko zamakhabethe okubonisa kungaletha ukukhula kwenzuzo ephezulu. Kubalulekile ukuqinisekisa ukuthembeka kwedatha hhayi ngethiyori, njengoba lokhu kuletha izingozi ezinkulu.
(1) 7-Eleven Japan: Umkhuba wokulinganisa wokuthuthukisa kabili ukusetshenziswa kwamandla kanye nokuthengisa
Esitolo se-7-Eleven eTokyo, ngemuva kokwethula uhlobo olusha lwekhabethe lokubonisa iziphuzo emnyango wengilazi ngo-2023, kufezwe izinto ezintathu ezibalulekile:
1. Ubukhulu bokusetshenziswa kwamandla
Ngokusebenzisa i-variable frequency compressor + intelligent defrosting system, ukusetshenziswa kwamandla kwaminyaka yonke ngekhabhinethi ngayinye kwehlisiwe kusuka ku-1,600 kWh kuya ku-1,120 kWh, ukwehla ngo-30%, kanti ukonga izindleko zikagesi kwaminyaka yonke kwaba cishe yi-45,000 yen (kubalwa ku-0.4 yuan/kWh).
2. Ukuhlaziywa kobukhulu bokuthengisa
Ngokusebenzisa ishelufu elithambekele ku-15° + ukukhanya okuguquguqukayo, isilinganiso senyanga sokuthengiswa kweziphuzo ekhabhinethi sikhuphuke sisuka ku-800,000 yen saya ku-1,000,000 yen, okuwukwenyuka kwama-25%.
3. Ukuqhathaniswa kolwazi lomsebenzisi
Ukuguquguquka kwezinga lokushisa ngaphakathi kwekhabethe kwehliswe kwaba ngu-±1°C, ukuzinza kokunambitheka kwesiphuzo kwathuthuka, kanti izinga lezikhalazo zamakhasimende lehle ngo-60%.
(2) I-Yonghui Supermarket eShayina: Ikhodi yokunciphisa izindleko kanye nokusebenza kahle iyakhula ngokuguqulwa kwendawo
I-Yonghui Supermarket yahlola uhlelo lokuthuthukisa amakhabethe okubonisa iminyango yengilazi ezitolo zayo endaweni yaseChongqing ngo-2024. Izinyathelo eziyinhloko zifaka:
1. Izinyathelo zokushisa okuphezulu ehlobo
Ngenxa yokushisa okuphezulu ehlobo edolobheni lasezintabeni (elinokushisa okumaphakathi kwansuku zonke okungaphezu kuka-35°C), kwafakwa i-deflector phansi kwekhabhinethi yokubonisa, okwakhulisa ukusebenza kahle kokujikeleza komoya obandayo ngo-20% futhi kunciphisa umthwalo we-compressor ngo-15%.
2. Isibonisi sendawo
Ngokwezintandokazi zokusetshenziswa esifundeni esiseningizimu-ntshonalanga, isikhala seshelufu sandiswa saba ngu-12cm ukuze sivumelane nokuboniswa kwamabhodlela amakhulu (ngaphezu kuka-1.5L) eziphuzo. Ingxenye yokuthengisa yalesi sigaba ikhuphuke isuka ku-18% yaya ku-25%.
3. Ukuqapha nokulungisa okusekelwe ku-IoT
Ngezinzwa ze-IoT, umthamo wokuthengisa kanye nokusetshenziswa kwamandla kwekhabhinethi ngayinye kubhekwa ngesikhathi sangempela. Uma umthamo wokuthengisa womkhiqizo othile uphansi kunomkhawulo izinsuku ezintathu zilandelana, uhlelo luqala ngokuzenzakalelayo ukulungiswa kwendawo yokubonisa, futhi ukusebenza kahle kokushintshana kwezimpahla kukhushulwa ngo-30%.
Ngemva kokuguqulwa, ukusebenza kahle kwendawo yeziphuzo ngemitha yesikwele ezitolo zokuhlola kukhuphuke kusuka ku-12,000 yuan/㎡ kuya ku-15,000 yuan/㎡, isilinganiso sezindleko zokusebenza zonyaka ngekhabhinethi sehle ngo-22%, kanti isikhathi sokukhokha utshalomali sancishiswa kusuka ezinyangeni ezingu-24 kuya ezinyangeni ezingu-16.
IV. Ukuthenga umgodi - umhlahlandlela wokugwema: Izinkomba ezintathu eziyinhloko zibalulekile
Izingozi ezivamile zikhona ekusebenziseni kahle amandla, izinto zokwakha, kanye nezinhlelo zesevisi. Kodwa-ke, amakhabethe okubonisa athunyelwa kwamanye amazwe asezingeni elifanele, futhi kunzima ukuwaqamba amanga ngezinto zokwakha. Kufanele kunakwe ubuciko kanye nekhwalithi, kanye nensizakalo yangemva kokuthengisa.
(1) Isitifiketi sokusebenza kahle kwamandla: Yenqaba "ukulebula idatha okungamanga"
Qaphela izitifiketi zokusebenzisa kahle amandla eziqashelwa emhlabeni wonke njenge-Energy Star (USA) kanye ne-CECP (China), futhi unikeze kuqala imikhiqizo enezinga lokusebenza kahle kwamandla elingu-1 (izinga laseShayina: ukusetshenziswa kwamandla kwansuku zonke ≤ 1.0 kWh/200L). Ikhabethe elithile lokubonisa elingenalo uphawu liphawulwe ngokusetshenziswa kwamandla kwansuku zonke okungu-1.2 kWh, kodwa isilinganiso sangempela singu-1.8 kWh, okuholela ezindlekweni zikagesi ezengeziwe zonyaka ezingaphezu kuka-$41.5.
(2) Ukukhetha izinto: Imininingwane inquma isikhathi sokuphila
Nikeza kuqala amapuleti ensimbi agqitshiwe (ubukhulu bokumboza ≥ 8μm) noma amapulasitiki obunjiniyela be-ABS, anokumelana nokugqwala okuphindwe kathathu kunokwamapuleti ensimbi avamile.
Qaphela ingilazi eqinisiwe enesitifiketi se-3C (ukujiya okungu-≥ 5mm), okusebenzayo kwayo okuvikela ukuqhuma kuphindwe kahlanu kunengilazi evamile, ukugwema ingozi yokuqhuma ngokwayo ehlobo elishisa kakhulu.
(3) Uhlelo lwesevisi: Umbulali ofihliwe wezindleko zokuthengisa ngemuva kokuthengisa
Khetha izinhlobo ezinikeza “iwaranti yomshini yeminyaka emi-3 yonke + iwaranti ye-compressor yeminyaka emi-5”. Izindleko zokulungisa i-compressor yekhabhinethi ethile yokubonisa yomkhiqizo omncane ngemva kokwehluleka zifinyelele ku-2,000 yuan, zidlula kakhulu izindleko zokulungisa zonyaka ezijwayelekile zezinhlobo ezivamile.
Uma ikhabhinethi yokubonisa iziphuzo yomnyango wengilazi ishintsha isuka ekubeni “umthengi onamandla amakhulu” iye ekubeni “injini yenzuzo”, kuba ukuhlanganiswa okujulile kobuchwepheshe bokuqandisa, ubuhle bokubonisa, kanye nokusebenza kwedatha ngemuva kwayo. Kwabasebenza ezitolo ezinkulu, ukukhetha ikhabhinethi yokubonisa ehlanganisa amandla okonga amandla kanye namandla okumaketha kusho ukutshala imali engu-10% yezindleko zemishini ukuze kuncishiswe ukusetshenziswa kwamandla ngo-30% kanye nokwenyuka ngo-25% kokuthengisa - lokhu akuyona nje ukuthuthukiswa kwehadiwe kodwa futhi kuyindlela yokwakha kabusha inzuzo ngokusekelwe ekuqondeni kwabathengi.
Isikhathi sokuthunyelwe: Meyi-12-2025 Ukubukwa: