Isimiso sesiqandisi sesiqandisi sisekelwe kumjikelezo we-Carnot ophambene, lapho isiqandisi siwumgogodla ophakathi, futhi ukushisa esiqandisini kuhanjiswa ngaphandle ngenqubo yokuguqulwa kwesigaba se-vaporization endothermic - condensation exothermic.
Amapharamitha angukhiye:
①Indawo yokubilisa:Inquma izinga lokushisa lokuhwamuka (ukwehla kwephuzu elibilayo, ukwehla kwezinga lokushisa lesiqandisi).
②Ingcindezi yokujiya:Ukuphakama kwengcindezi, umthwalo omkhulu we-compressor (othinta ukusetshenziswa kwamandla nomsindo).
③I-Thermal conductivity:Ukuphakama kwe-conductivity eshisayo, isivinini sokupholisa siyashesha.
Kufanele wazi izinhlobo ezi-4 eziyinhloko zokupholisa kahle kwesiqandisi:
1.R600a (isobutane, isiqandisi se-hydrocarbon)
(1)Ukuvikelwa kwemvelo: I-GWP (I-Global Warming Potential) ≈ 0, i-ODP (I-Ozone Destruction Potential) = 0, ngokuhambisana ne-European Union F - imithetho yegesi.
(2)Ukusebenza kahle kwesiqandisi: indawo yokubilisa - 11.7 °C, ifanele izimfuneko zegumbi lesiqandisi lasendlini (-18 °C), umthamo wesiqandisi weyunithi cishe ungaphezulu ngo-30% ngaphezu kuka-R134a, ukususwa kwe-compressor kuncane, futhi ukusetshenziswa kwamandla kuphansi.
(3)Incazelo yekesi: Isiqandisi esingu-190L sisebenzisa u-R600a, ngokusetshenziswa kwamandla kwansuku zonke okungu-0.39 degrees (izinga 1 lokusebenza kahle kwamandla).
2.R134a (tetrafluoroethane)
(1)Ukuvikelwa kwemvelo: GWP = 1300, ODP = 0, i-European Union izovimbela ukusetshenziswa kwemishini emisha kusukela ngo-2020.
(2)Ukusebenza kahle kwesiqandisi: indawo yokubilisa - 26.5 °C, ukusebenza kwezinga lokushisa eliphansi kungcono kuno-R600a, kodwa umthamo wokupholisa weyunithi uphansi, odinga i-compressor enkulu yokususa.
(3) Umfutho we-condenser uphakeme ngo-50% kunalowo ka-R600a, futhi ukusetshenziswa kwamandla okucindezela kuyanda.
3.R32 (difluoromethane)
(1)Ukuvikelwa kwemvelo: I-GWP = 675, eyi-1/2 leyo ka-R134a, kodwa iyasha (ukuvimbela ingozi yokuvuza).
(2)Ukusebenza kahle kwesiqandisi: indawo yokubilisa - 51.7 °C, ifanele ama-air conditioners e-inverter, kodwa ukucindezela kwe-condensation esiqandisini kuphezulu kakhulu (okuphindwe kabili njengo-R600a), okungaholela kalula ekulayisheni kwe-compressor.
4.R290 (i-propane, isiqandisi se-hydrocarbon)
(1)Ubungane bemvelo: I-GWP ≈ 0, ODP = 0, ukukhetha kokuqala "kwefriji yesikhathi esizayo" e-European Union.
(2)Ukusebenza kahle kwesiqandisi: indawo yokubilisa – 42 °C, umthamo wokupholisa weyunithi ngo-40% ngaphezu kuka-R600a, ulungele amafriji amakhulu okuthengisa.
Qaphela:Iziqandisi zasendlini zidinga ukuvalwa ngokuqinile ngenxa yokuvutha (iphuzu lomlilo elingu-470 °C) (izindleko zikhuphuka ngo-15%).
Isiqandisi siwuthinta kanjani umsindo wesiqandisi?
Umsindo wesiqandisi ngokuyinhloko uvela ekudlidlizeni kwe-compressor kanye nomsindo wokugeleza kwesiqandisi. Izici zesiqandisi zithinta umsindo ngezindlela ezilandelayo:
(1) Ukusebenza kwengcindezi ephezulu (i-condensing pressure 2.5MPa), i-compressor idinga ukusebenza kwemvamisa ephezulu, umsindo ungafinyelela ku-42dB (isiqandisi esivamile mayelana ne-38dB), ukusebenza kwengcindezi ephansi (i-condensing pressure 0.8MPa), umthwalo we-compressor uphansi, umsindo uphansi njenge-36dB.
(2) I-R134a ine-viscosity ephezulu (0.25mPa · s), futhi ijwayele ukuba nomsindo ophushayo (ofana nomsindo “wokuhayiza”) lapho ugeleza ngeshubhu le-capillary. I-R600a ine-viscosity ephansi (0.11mPa · s), ukugeleza okushelelayo, nomsindo oncishisiwe cishe ngo-2dB.
Qaphela: Isiqandisi sika-R290 sidinga ukwengeza ukuqhuma - ukwakheka kobufakazi (njengongqimba lwegwebu elijiyile), kodwa kungase kubangele ibhokisi lizwakale futhi nomsindo ukhuphuke ngo-1 - 2dB.
Indlela yokukhetha uhlobo lwesiqandisi esiqandisini?
I-R600a inomsindo ophansi uma isetshenziswa ekhaya, izindleko zibalelwa ku-5% yenani eliphelele lesiqandisi, u-R290 unokuvikelwa kwemvelo okuphezulu, uhlangabezana nezindinganiso ze-European Union, inani libiza ngo-20% kuno-R600a, u-R134a uyahambisana, ulungele iziqandisi ezindala, u-R32 awuvuthiwe, khetha ngokucophelela!
Isiqandisi "igazi" lesiqandisi, futhi uhlobo lwaso luthinta ngokuqondile ukusetshenziswa kwamandla, umsindo, ukuphepha nokuphila kwesevisi. Kubathengi abajwayelekile, u-R600a uyinketho engcono kakhulu ekusebenzeni okuphelele kwamanje, kanti u-R290 ungacatshangelwa ukuphishekela ukuvikelwa kwemvelo ngokwedlulele. Lapho uthenga, ungaqinisekisa uhlobo lwesiqandisi ngelogo ye-nameplate engemuva kwesiqandisi (njengokuthi “Isiqandisi: R600a”) ukuze ugweme ukudukiswa imiqondo yokumaketha njengokuthi “ukuguqulwa kwefrikhwensi” kanye “nesithwathwa – esikhululekile”.
Isikhathi sokuthumela: Mar-26-2025 Ukubukwa: