Ungakuxazulula kanjani ukupholisa okunganele kuziqandisi eziqondile ezentengiselwano?

Iziqandisi eziqondile zezentengiselwano ziyimishini yesiqandisi ewumgogodla ezimbonini ezifana nokudla, ukudayisa, nokunakekelwa kwezempilo. Ukusebenza kwabo kokupholisa kuthinta ngokuqondile ukusha kwezithako, ukuzinza kwemithi, nezindleko zokusebenza. Ukupholisa okunganele—okubonakala ngamazinga okushisa ekhabhinethi aphikelelayo angu-5℃ noma ngaphezulu ngaphezu kwevelu emisiwe, umehluko wezinga lokushisa lasendaweni elidlula u-3℃, noma isivinini sokupholisa esinciphe kakhulu—akukwazi nje kuphela ukubangela ukonakala kwesithako nokumosha kodwa futhi kuphoqelele ama-compressor ukuthi asebenze ngaphansi kokuchichima isikhathi eside, okuholela ekwenyukeni okungaphezu kuka-30% kokusetshenziswa kwamandla.

1. Ukupholisa Okungenele Eziqandisini Zezentengiselwano: Ukuxilongwa Kwenkinga kanye Nemithelela Yokusebenza

Ochwepheshe bokuthengwa kwempahla kufanele baqale bahlonze ngokunembile izimpawu nezimbangela zokungapholi ngokwanele ukuze kugwenywe ukulungiswa okungaboni kahle noma ukushintshwa kwemishini, okungaholela ekumoshweni kwezindleko okungadingekile.

1.1 Izimpawu Eziwumgogodla kanye Nezingozi Zokusebenza

Izimpawu ezijwayelekile zokupholisa okunganele zihlanganisa: ① Uma izinga lokushisa elibekiwe lingu-18℃, izinga lokushisa langempela lekhabhinethi lingehla kuphela liye ku--10℃ noma ngaphezulu, ngokuguquguquka okudlula ±2℃; ② Umehluko wezinga lokushisa phakathi kwezendlalelo ezingaphezulu nezingaphansi udlula u-5℃ (iziqandisi eziqondile zivame ukuba nezindaba “ezifudumele, eziphansi ezipholile” ngenxa yokucwila komoya obandayo); ③ Ngemva kokungeza izithako ezintsha, isikhathi sokupholisa ekushiseni okusethiwe sidlula amahora angu-4 (ububanzi obujwayelekile amahora angu-2-3). Lezi zinkinga ziholela ngokuqondile kulokhu:

• Imboni yezokuphekela: Ukuncipha ngamaphesenti angama-50 eshalofini lezithako ezintsha, okwandisa ingozi yokukhula kwamagciwane kanye nezingozi zokuphepha kokudla;
• Imboni yokudayisa: Ukuthambisa kanye nokuguqulwa kokudla okufriziwe, amazinga aphezulu ezikhalazo zamakhasimende, namazinga emfucuza engadayiswa angaphezu kwamaphesenti angu-8;
• Imboni yokunakekelwa kwezempilo: Umsebenzi owehlisiwe wama-ejenti webhayoloji nemithi yokugoma, ehluleka ukuhlangabezana namazinga okugcina e-GSP.

1.2 Uphenyo Lwemsuka: Ubukhulu obu-4 ukusuka kumishini ukuya endaweni

Ochwepheshe bokuthengwa kwempahla bangaphenya izimbangela ngokulandelana okulandelayo ukuze bagweme izici ezibalulekile ezingekho:

1.2.1 Ukwehluleka Kwengxenye Eyinhloko Yezisetshenziswa (60% Ezimweni)

① Ukuvinjwa kwesithwathwa ku-evaporator: Iziqandisi eziningi zezentengiselwano eziqondile zipholiswa ngomoya. Uma isithwathwa kumaphiko e-evaporator sidlula u-5mm ngokuqina, sivimba ukuhamba komoya obandayo, sinciphise ukusebenza kahle kokupholisa ngo-40% (okuvamile ezimweni lapho iminyango ivuleka njalo kanye nomswakama ophezulu); ② Ukuwohloka kokusebenza kwe-Compressor: Ama-compressor asetshenziswe iminyaka engaphezu kwe-5 angase ehle ngo-20% wengcindezi yokukhipha, okuholela kumthamo onganele wokupholisa; ③ Ukuvuza kwesiqandisi: Ukulimala kokuguga noma ukudlidliza kokushisela amapayipi kungabangela ukuvuza kweziqandisi (isb., R404A, R600a), okuholela ekulahlekelweni kwamandla okupholisa kungazelelwe.

1.2.2 Ukukhubazeka Komklamo (20% Wezimo)

Ezinye iziqandisi ezimile ezisezingeni eliphansi zinamaphutha omklamo “we-evaporator + eyodwa”: ① Umoya obandayo uvunguza kuphela usuka endaweni eyodwa ngemuva, okubangela ukuzungeza komoya okungalingani ngaphakathi kwekhabhinethi, nezinga lokushisa eliphezulu elingu-6-8℃ ngaphezu kwezingqimba eziphansi; ② Indawo ye-evaporator enganele (isb., indawo eyisishuphuki engaphansi kuka-0.8㎡ yeziqandisi ezingu-1000L) yehluleka ukuhlangabezana nezidingo zokupholisa zomthamo omkhulu.

1.2.3 Imithelela Yemvelo (15% Yamacala)

① Ukushisa kwe-ambient okuphezulu ngokweqile: Ukubeka isiqandisi eduze kwezitofu zasekhishini noma ezindaweni ezingaphandle ezinezinga lokushisa eliphezulu (izinga lokushisa elizungezile elingaphezu kuka-35℃) kuvimbela ukuchithwa kokushisa kwe-compressor, kwehlisa umthamo wokupholisa ngo-15% -20%; ② Ukungena komoya okungalungile: Uma ibanga phakathi kwesiqandisi emuva nodonga lingaphansi kuka-15cm, i-condenser ayikwazi ukuqeda ukushisa ngokuphumelelayo, okuholela ekwenyukeni kwengcindezi yokujiya; ③ Ukulayishwa ngokweqile: Ukwengeza izithako zegumbi lokushisa elingaphezu kuka-30% womthamo wesiqandisi ngesikhathi esisodwa kwenza kungenzeki ukuthi isiminyanisi siphole ngokushesha.

1.2.4 Ukusebenza Okungafanele Komuntu (5% Wezimo)

Izibonelo zihlanganisa ukuvuleka kweminyango njalo (izikhathi ezingaphezu kwezingu-50 ngosuku), ukulibaziseka ukushintshwa kwamagasket aguga eminyango (okubangela izinga lokuvuza komoya obandayo elingaphezu kuka-10%), kanye nezithako eziminyene ezivimba imigudu yokuphuma komoya (okuvimba ukujikeleza komoya obandayo).

2. Izixazululo Eziwumongo Zezobuchwepheshe Zokupholisa Okunganele: Ukusuka Ekulungiseni Kuya Ekuthuthukisweni

Ngokusekelwe kuzimbangela ezihlukene zezimpande, ochwepheshe bokuthenga bangakhetha izixazululo "zokulungisa nokubuyisela" noma "ukuthuthukiswa kobuchwepheshe", ukubeka phambili ukuphumelela kwezindleko nokuzinza kwesikhathi eside.

2.1 Ama-Evaporators Akabili + Abalandeli Abakabili: Isixazululo Esilungile Seziqandisi Eziqinile Ezinomthamo Omkhulu

Lesi sixazululo sibhekelela “amaphutha edizayini ye-evaporator eyodwa” kanye “nezidingo zokupholisa umthamo omkhulu,” okukwenza kube ukukhetha okubalulekile kochwepheshe bokuthenga lapho bethuthukisa noma beshintsha imishini. Ilungele iziqandisi zentengiso eziqondile ezingaphezu kuka-1200L (isb., iziqandisi zasezitolo ezinkulu, iziqandisi zasekhishini ezimaphakathi ekuphekeni).

2.1.1 Umgomo Wesixazululo Nezinzuzo

Idizayini “yokuhwamuka okukabili okuphezulu okukabili + namafeni akabili azimele”: ① I-evaporator ephezulu ipholisa u-1/3 ongaphezulu wekhabethe, kuyilapho i-evaporator engezansi ipholisa u-2/3 ongezansi. Abalandeli abazimele balawula isiqondiso sokugeleza komoya, behlisa izinga lokushisa lekhabhinethi libe ngu-±1℃; ② Isamba sendawo yokuchitha ukushisa kwezihwamuzi ezimbili inkulu ngo-60% kunaleyo yesishuphuki esisodwa (isb., 1.5㎡ yezihwaphuzisi ezikabili kumafriza angu-1500L), ukwandisa umthamo wokupholisa ngo-35% futhi kusheshiswe isivinini sokupholisa ngo-40%; ③ Ukulawula okuzimele kwe-dual-circuit kuqinisekisa ukuthi uma i-evaporator eyodwa yehluleka, enye ingakwazi ukugcina ukupholisa okuyisisekelo okwesikhashana, ivimbele ukuvala ukuvala kwemishini.

2.1.2 Izindleko Zokuthenga Nesikhathi Sokukhokha

Izindleko zokuthengwa kweziqandisi eziqondile ezinama-evaporator akabili ziphezulu ngo-15% -25% kunalezo zamamodeli e-evaporator eyodwa (isb, cishe u-RMB 8,000 wemodeli ye-evaporator engu-1500L eyodwa vs. RMB 9,500-10,000 yemodeli ye-evaporator ekabili). Nokho, imbuyiselo yesikhathi eside ibalulekile: ① 20% ukusetshenziswa kwamandla okuphansi (konga cishe u-800 kWh kagesi ngonyaka, okulingana no-RMB 640 wezindleko zikagesi ngokusekelwe enanini likagesi wezimboni elingu-RMB 0.8/kWh); ② Ukuncishiswa okungu-6% -8% kumazinga kadoti wezithako, ukunciphisa izindleko zikadoti ngonyaka ngaphezu kuka-RMB 2,000; ③ 30% izinga lokuhluleka kwe-compressor eliphansi, inweba impilo yesevisi yemishini ngeminyaka emi-2-3 (kusuka eminyakeni eyi-8 kuye kweyi-10-11). Isikhathi sokukhokha cishe iminyaka eyi-1.5-2.

2.2 Ukuthuthukiswa Nokugcinwa Kwe-evaporator Eyodwa: Inketho Ebiza Izindleko Ezisetshenziswa Ezincane

Eziqandisini eziqondile ezingaphansi kuka-1000L (isb., iziqandisi ezinamandla amancane ezitolo ezilula) ezinempilo yesevisi engaphansi kweminyaka engu-5, izixazululo ezilandelayo zingalungisa ukupholisa okunganele ngezindleko ezingu-1/5 kuya ku-1/3 kuphela zokushintsha yonke iyunithi.

2.2.1 Ukuhlanzwa kwe-evaporator kanye nokulungiswa

① Ukususwa kwesithwathwa: Sebenzisa “i-hot defrosting” (cisha okokusebenza bese uvuthela amaphiko e-evaporator ngesivutheli somoya oshisayo esingaphansi kuka-50℃) noma “ama-ejenti aqeda iqhwa ebanga lokudla” (ukugwema ukugqwala). Ngemuva kokususwa kwesithwathwa, ukusebenza kahle kokupholisa kungabuyiselwa ku-90%; ② Ukunwetshwa kwe-evaporator: Uma indawo yokuqala yokuhwamuka inganele, phathisa abakhiqizi abangochwepheshe ukuthi bengeze amaphiko (ukukhulisa indawo yokukhipha ukushisa ngo-20% -30) ngezindleko ezicishe zibe ngu-RMB 500-800.

2.2.2 Ukunakekela I-Compressor kanye Nesiqandisi

① Ukuhlolwa kokusebenza kwe-Compressor: Sebenzisa igeji yokucindezela ukuze uhlole ingcindezi yokukhipha (ingcindezi evamile yokukhipha isiqandisi esingu-R404A ngu-1.8-2.2MPa). Uma ingcindezi inganele, buyisela i-compressor capacitor (izindleko: cishe i-RMB 100-200) noma ukulungisa ama-valve; uma i-compressor iguga (isetshenziswe iminyaka engaphezu kwengu-8), esikhundleni sayo ufake i-compressor yegama lomkhiqizo wamandla afanayo (isb., i-Danfoss, i-Embraco) ngezindleko ezingaba ngu-RMB 1,500-2,000; ② Ukugcwalisa isiqandisi: Okokuqala thola izindawo ezivuzayo (sebenzisa amanzi anensipho emalungeni amapayipi), bese ugcwalisa isiqandisi ngokwezindinganiso (cishe u-1.2-1.5kg ka-R404A ngeziqandisi ezingu-1000L) ngezindleko ezicishe zibe ngu-RMB 300-500.

2.3 Ukulawula Izinga lokushisa Okukhaliphile kanye Nokuthuthukisa Ukugeleza Komoya: Ukuthuthukisa Ukuzinza Kokupholisa

Lesi sixazululo singasetshenziswa ngokuhambisana nalezi zixazululo ezimbili ezibalwe ngenhla. Ngokuthuthukiswa kobuchwepheshe, kunciphisa ukungenelela kwabantu futhi kulungele ochwepheshe bokuthenga ukuthi "baguqule ngobuhlakani" imishini ekhona.

2.3.1 Uhlelo Lokulawula Ukushisa Okukabili-Probe

Shintshanisa i-thermostat ye-single-probe "ngohlelo lwe-double-probe" (efakwe ku-1/3 ukuphakama kwezendlalelo ezingenhla nezingaphansi ngokulandelanayo) ukuze kuqashwe umehluko wezinga lokushisa lekhabhinethi ngesikhathi sangempela. Uma umehluko wezinga lokushisa udlula u-2℃, ilungisa ngokuzenzakalelayo isivinini sabalandeli (isheshisa isiphephetha-moya esingaphezulu futhi inciphise isiphephetha-moya esiphansi), ithuthukise ukufana kwezinga lokushisa ngo-40% ngezindleko ezingaba ngu-RMB 300-500.

2.3.2 Ukuguqulwa Kwesigudlisi Sokukhipha Umoya

Faka amapuleti e-deflector asusekayo (impahla ye-PP yebanga lokudla) ngaphakathi kwefriji eqondile ukuze uqondise umoya obandayo osuka ngemuva uye ezinhlangothini zombili, uvimbele “ukufudumala okuphezulu, okupholile okuphansi” okubangelwa ukucwila komoya obandayo oqondile. Ngemuva kokuguqulwa, izinga lokushisa eliphezulu lingancishiswa ngo-3-4 ℃ ngezindleko ze-RMB 100-200 kuphela.

3. Ukuthuthukisa Okungekona Kobuchwepheshe: Amasu Okulawula Anezindleko Eziphansi Ezingcweti Zokuthenga

Ngaphandle kokulungiswa kwemishini, ochwepheshe bokuthengwa kwempahla bangalinganisa ukusetshenziswa nokunakekelwa ukuze kuncishiswe imvamisa yokupholisa okunganele futhi balule impilo yesevisi yemishini.

3.1 Amazinga Okusetshenziswa Kwansuku Zonke: Izindlela Ezibalulekile Ezi-3

① Lawula imvamisa yokuvulwa kweminyango nobude besikhathi: Nciphisa ukuvuleka kweminyango kube izikhathi ezingu-≤30 ngosuku kanye nobude besikhathi sokuvula okukodwa kube amasekhondi angu-≤30; thumela izikhumbuzi “zokubuyisa ngokushesha” eduze kwefriji; ② Ukugcina isithako esifanele: Landela isimiso “sokuthi izinto ezilula phezulu, izinto ezisindayo ngezansi; izinto ezimbalwa ngaphambili, ngemuva kakhulu,” ugcine izithako ziqhelelene no-≥10cm ezindaweni ezikhipha umoya ukuze ugweme ukuvimba ukujikeleza komoya obandayo; ③ Ukulawula izinga lokushisa kwe-ambient: Beka isiqandisi endaweni engenisa umoya kahle enezinga lokushisa elizungezile elingu-≤25℃, kude nemithombo yokushisa (isb., ohhavini, izifudumezi), futhi ugcine ibanga elingu-≥20cm phakathi kwesiqandisi emuva nodonga.

3.2 Uhlelo Lokulungisa Okuvamile: Uhlu Lokuhlola Lwekota/Lonyaka

Ochwepheshe bokuthengwa kwempahla bangakha uhlu lokuhlola ukulungiswa futhi baphathise abasebenzi bokusebenza nokunakekela ukuthi balusebenzise, ​​baqinisekise ukuthi azikho izinyathelo ezibalulekile ezigejwayo:

4. Ukuvimbela Ukuthengwa Kwempahla: Ukugwema Izingozi Ezinganele Zokupholisa Ngesikhathi Sesigaba Sokukhetha

Lapho uthenga iziqandisi ezintsha zezentengiselwano eziqondile, ochwepheshe bokuthenga bangagxila kumapharamitha angu-3 abalulekile ukuze bagweme ukupholisa okunganele okuvela emthonjeni futhi banciphise izindleko zokulungisa ezilandelayo.

4.1 Khetha Ukulungiselela Ukupholisa Okusekelwe "Kumandla + Uhlelo Lokusebenza"

① Umthamo omncane (≤800L, isb, izitolo ezitholakala kalula): Ongakukhetha "i-evaporator eyodwa + amafeni akabili" ukuze ubhalansise izindleko nokufana; ② Umthamo ophakathi nendawo kuya omkhulu (≥1000L, isb, ukudla/izitolo ezinkulu): Kumelwe ukhethe “ama-evaporator akabili + amasekhethi akabili” ukuze kuqinisekiswe umthamo wokupholisa nokulawula umehluko wokushisa; ③ Izinhlelo zokusebenza ezikhethekile (isb., ukuqandisa kwezokwelapha, isitoreji sika-ayisikhilimu): Imfuneko eyengeziwe "yomsebenzi wesinxephezelo sezinga lokushisa eliphansi" (yenza isebenze ngokuzenzakalelayo ukushisisa okuyisisizi uma izinga lokushisa le-ambient ≤0℃ ukuvimbela ukucisha kwe-compressor).

4.2 Amapharamitha Engxenye Ewumongo: Izinkomba Okumele Uzihlole Ezi-3

① I-Evaporator: Beka kuqala “izihwamuko ze-aluminium tube fin” (u-15% ophezulu osebenza kahle wokulahla ukushisa kunamashubhu ekhopha) ngomhlangano wendawo “≥0.8㎡ womthamo ongu-1000L”; ② I-Compressor: Khetha "i-hermetic scroll compressor" (isb, uchungechunge lwe-Danfoss SC) olunamandla okupholisa afana nesiqandisi (≥1200W umthamo wokupholisa wamafriza angu-1000L); ③ Isiqandisi: Beka kuqala u-R600a olungele imvelo (inani le-ODP = 0, ehlangabezana namazinga emvelo e-EU); gwema ukuthenga amamodeli amadala usebenzisa u-R22 (kancane kancane aqedwe).

4.3 Beka Eqhulwini Amamodeli Ngemisebenzi “Yesexwayiso Esihlakaniphile”

Lapho uthenga, dinga okokusebenza okunalokhu: ① Isexwayiso sezinga lokushisa elingavamile (i-alamu ye-acoustic ne-optical lapho izinga lokushisa lekhabhinethi lidlula inani elimisiwe ngo-3℃); ② Ukuzihlolela iphutha (isikrini sokubonisa sibonisa amakhodi afana ne-“E1″ yokwehluleka kwe-evaporator, “E2″ ngokuhluleka kwe-compressor); ③ Ukuqapha okukude (hlola izinga lokushisa nesimo sokusebenza nge-APP). Nakuba amamodeli anjalo anezindleko eziphakeme zokuthenga ngo-5% -10%, anciphisa amaphesenti angama-90 wezinkinga zokupholisa kungazelelwe kanye nezindleko eziphansi zokusebenza nezokulungisa.

Kafushane, ukuxazulula ukupholisa okunganele kuziqandisi eziqondile zezentengiselwano kudinga indlela “ezintathu kokukodwa”: ukuxilongwa, izixazululo, nokuvimbela. Ochwepheshe bezokuthenga kufanele baqale bahlonze izimbangela eziyinhloko ngezimpawu, bese bekhetha "ukuthuthukiswa kwe-evaporator ekabili," "ukugcinwa kwengxenye," noma "ukuguqulwa okuhlakaniphile" ngokusekelwe kumthamo wemishini nempilo yesevisi, futhi ekugcineni bathole ukusebenza okuzinzile kokupholisa nokuthuthukisa izindleko ngokulungiswa okujwayelekile nokukhetha kokuvimbela. Kuyatuswa ukubeka phambili izixazululo zesikhathi eside ezonga imali njengezinqamulisi ezikabili ukugwema ukulahlekelwa okukhulu kokusebenza okuvela ekongeni izindleko zesikhashana.