Ungaxazulula kanjani ukupholisa okunganele kumafriji aqondile ebhizinisi?

Amafriji aqondile ebhizinisi ayimishini eyinhloko yokuqandisa ezimbonini ezifana nokupheka, ukuthengisa, kanye nokunakekelwa kwempilo. Ukusebenza kwawo kokupholisa kuthinta ngqo ubusha bezithako, ukuzinza kwemithi, kanye nezindleko zokusebenza. Ukupholisa okunganele—okuphawulwa amazinga okushisa ekhabhinethi aqhubekayo angu-5℃ noma ngaphezulu ngaphezu kwenani elibekiwe, umehluko wokushisa wendawo odlula u-3℃, noma isivinini sokupholisa esinciphile kakhulu—akugcini nje ngokubangela ukonakala kwezithako kanye nokuchitha kodwa futhi kuphoqa ama-compressor ukuthi asebenze ngaphansi kokugcwala isikhathi eside, okuholela ekwandeni kokusetshenziswa kwamandla okungaphezu kuka-30%.

1. Ukupholisa Okwanele Eziqandisini Ezimile Zezentengiselwano: Ukuxilongwa Kwenkinga kanye Nemiphumela Yokusebenza

Ochwepheshe bokuthenga kumele baqale ngokunembile babone izimpawu kanye nezimbangela zokungapholi ngokwanele ukuze bagweme ukulungiswa okungaboni noma ukushintshwa kwemishini, okungaholela ekuchithekeni kwezindleko okungadingekile.

1.1 Izimpawu Eziyinhloko Nezingozi Zokusebenza

Izimpawu ezijwayelekile zokungapholi ngokwanele zifaka: ① Uma izinga lokushisa elibekiwe lingu-18℃, izinga lokushisa langempela lekhabethe lingehla liye ku-10℃ noma ngaphezulu, kanye nokuguquguquka okungaphezu kuka-±2℃; ② Umehluko wokushisa phakathi kwezingqimba eziphezulu nezingezansi udlula u-5℃ (amafriji aqondile avame ukuba nezinkinga "ezifudumele kakhulu, eziphansi ezipholile" ngenxa yokucwila komoya obandayo); ③ Ngemva kokufaka izithako ezintsha, isikhathi sokupholisa siye ezingeni lokushisa elibekiwe sidlula amahora angu-4 (ibanga elijwayelekile lingamahora angu-2-3). Lezi zinkinga ziholela ngqo ku:

• Imboni yokupheka: Ukwehla ngo-50% esikhathini sokuphelelwa yisikhathi kwezithako ezintsha, okwandisa ingozi yokukhula kwamagciwane kanye nezingozi zokuphepha kokudla;
• Imboni yokuthengisa: Ukuthambisa nokuguqulwa kokudla okuqandisiwe, amazinga aphezulu ezikhalazo zamakhasimende, kanye namazinga emfucuza engathengiswanga adlula u-8%;
• Imboni yezokunakekelwa kwempilo: Ukuncipha komsebenzi wezinto eziphilayo kanye nemithi yokugoma, ukwehluleka ukuhlangabezana nezindinganiso zokugcina ze-GSP.

1.2 Uphenyo Lwembangela Eyinhloko: Ubukhulu obu-4 kusukela Emishinini kuya Emvelweni

Ochwepheshe bokuthenga bangaphenya ngezimbangela ngokulandelana okulandelayo ukuze bagweme ukuphuthelwa yizici ezibalulekile:

1.2.1 Ukwehluleka Kwezingxenye Eziyinhloko Zemishini (60% Wamacala)

① Ukuvaleka kweqhwa ku-evaporator: Amafriji amaningi aqondile athengiswayo apholiswa umoya. Uma iqhwa emaphikweni e-evaporator lidlula ubukhulu obungu-5mm, livimba ukujikeleza komoya obandayo, kunciphisa ukusebenza kahle kokupholisa ngo-40% (okuvamile ezimweni lapho kuvuleka iminyango njalo kanye nomswakama ophezulu); ② Ukwehla kokusebenza kwe-compressor: Ama-compressor asetshenziswe iminyaka engaphezu kwemi-5 angase abhekane nokwehla okungu-20% kokucindezela kokukhipha, okuholela ekungabini namandla okupholisa anele; ③ Ukuvuza kwe-refrigerant: Ukuguga noma ukulimala okubangelwa ukudlidliza kwama-welds epayipi kungabangela ukuvuza kwama-refrigerant (isb., R404A, R600a), okuholela ekulahlekelweni okungazelelwe kwamandla okupholisa.

1.2.2 Amaphutha Okuklama (20% Wamacala)

Amanye amafriji aqondile asezingeni eliphansi aneziphambeko zomklamo othi “i-evaporator eyodwa + ifeni elilodwa”: ① Umoya obandayo uvunguzwa usuka endaweni eyodwa ngemuva, okubangela ukujikeleza komoya okungalingani ngaphakathi kwekhabethe, kanti amazinga okushisa aphezulu angu-6-8℃ aphezulu kunezendlalelo eziphansi; ② Indawo enganele ye-evaporator (isb., indawo ye-evaporator engaphansi kuka-0.8㎡ yamafriji angu-1000L) ayihlangabezani nezidingo zokupholisa ezinomthamo omkhulu.

1.2.3 Ithonya Lemvelo (15% Wamacala)

① Izinga lokushisa eliphezulu kakhulu: Ukubeka ifriji eduze kwezitofu zasekhishini noma ezindaweni zangaphandle ezinokushisa okuphezulu (izinga lokushisa elingaphezu kuka-35℃) kuvimbela ukushabalaliswa kokushisa kwe-compressor, kunciphisa amandla okupholisa ngo-15%-20%; ② Umoya omncane wokungenisa umoya: Uma ibanga phakathi kwefriji emuva nodonga lingaphansi kuka-15cm, i-condenser ayikwazi ukuqeda ukushisa ngempumelelo, okuholela ekwandeni kwengcindezi yokushabalalisa; ③ Ukulayisha ngokweqile: Ukwengeza izithako zokushisa kwegumbi ezidlula u-30% womthamo wefriji ngesikhathi esisodwa kwenza kube nzima ukuthi i-compressor iphole ngokushesha.

1.2.4 Ukusebenza Okungafanele Kwabantu (5% Wamacala)

Izibonelo zifaka phakathi ukuvuleka kweminyango njalo (izikhathi ezingaphezu kuka-50 ngosuku), ukushintshwa kwe-gaskets yeminyango egugayo okubambezelekile (okubangela amazinga okuvuza komoya obandayo angaphezu kuka-10%), kanye nezithako ezigcwele ngokweqile ezivimba iminyango yomoya (okuvimbela ukugeleza komoya obandayo).

2. Izixazululo Zobuchwepheshe Eziyinhloko Zokupholisa Okwanele: Kusukela Ekulungiseni Kuya Ekuthuthukisweni

Ngokusekelwe ezimbangela ezahlukene, ochwepheshe bokuthenga bangakhetha izixazululo "zokulungisa nokuvuselela" noma "zokuthuthukisa ubuchwepheshe", bebeka phambili ukusebenza kahle kwezindleko kanye nokuzinza kwesikhathi eside.

2.1 Ama-Evaporator Amabili + Amafeni Amabili: Isixazululo Esifanele Samafriji Aqinile Anezikhwebu Ezinkulu

Lesi sixazululo sibhekana "namaphutha okuklama i-evaporator eyodwa" kanye "nezidingo zokupholisa ezinomthamo omkhulu," okwenza kube ukukhetha okuyinhloko kochwepheshe bokuthenga lapho bethuthukisa noma beshintsha imishini. Sifanelekela amafriji aqondile ebhizinisi angaphezu kuka-1200L (isb., amafriji asezitolo ezinkulu, amafriji asekhishini eliphakathi ekuphekeni).

2.1.1 Isimiso Sesixazululo Nezinzuzo

Umklamo “wama-evaporator amabili aphezulu naphansi + amafeni amabili azimele”: ① I-evaporator ephezulu ipholisa ingxenye engaphezulu kwe-1/3 yekhabhinethi, kuyilapho i-evaporator engezansi ipholisa ingxenye engezansi engu-2/3. Amafeni azimele alawula ukuqondiswa kokugeleza komoya, kunciphisa umehluko wokushisa kwekhabhinethi ube yi-±1℃; ② Indawo ephelele yokushabalalisa ukushisa kwama-evaporator amabili inkulu ngo-60% kuneye-evaporator eyodwa (isb., 1.5㎡ yama-evaporator amabili kumafriji angu-1500L), kwandisa amandla okupholisa ngo-35% futhi kusheshiswe isivinini sokupholisa ngo-40%; ③ Ukulawulwa kwesekethe ezimbili okuzimele kuqinisekisa ukuthi uma i-evaporator eyodwa yehluleka, enye ingagcina ukupholisa okuyisisekelo okwesikhashana, ivimbele ukuvalwa okuphelele kwemishini.

2.1.2 Izindleko Zokuthenga kanye Nesikhathi Sokukhokha

Izindleko zokuthenga amafriji aqondile anama-evaporator amabili ziphakeme ngo-15%-25% kunezamamodeli e-evaporator eyodwa (isb., cishe u-RMB 8,000 wemodeli ye-evaporator eyodwa engu-1500L uma kuqhathaniswa no-RMB 9,500-10,000 wemodeli ye-evaporator amabili). Kodwa-ke, imbuyiselo yesikhathi eside ibalulekile: ① ukusetshenziswa kwamandla okuphansi ngo-20% (konga cishe u-800 kWh kagesi minyaka yonke, okulingana no-RMB 640 ezindlekweni zikagesi ngokusekelwe entengo kagesi yezimboni engu-RMB 0.8/kWh); ② Ukwehla ngo-6%-8% emazingeni okulahla izithako, kunciphisa izindleko zokulahla zonyaka ezingaphezu kuka-RMB 2,000; ③ izinga lokwehluleka kwe-compressor eliphansi ngo-30%, kwandisa impilo yesevisi yemishini ngeminyaka engu-2-3 (kusukela eminyakeni engu-8 kuya eminyakeni eyi-10-11). Isikhathi sokukhokha cishe siyiminyaka eyi-1.5-2.

2.2 Ukuthuthukiswa Nokunakekelwa Kwe-Single Evaporator: Inketho Engabizi Kakhulu Yemishini Enomthamo Omncane

Kumafriji amile angaphansi kuka-1000L (isb., amafriji amancane ezitolo ezithengisa izinto ezishibhile) anempilo yokusebenza engaphansi kweminyaka emi-5, izixazululo ezilandelayo zingalungisa ukupholisa okunganele ngezindleko eziyi-1/5 kuya kweziyi-1/3 zokushintsha yonke iyunithi.

2.2.1 Ukuhlanzwa Nokuguqulwa Kwe-Evaporator

① Ukususwa kweqhwa: Sebenzisa “ukuncibilikisa umoya oshisayo” (vala imishini bese ucindezela amafin omshini wokufudumeza umoya oshisayo nge-hot air blower ngaphansi kwama-50℃) noma “ama-defrosting agents okudla” (ukugwema ukugqwala). Ngemva kokususwa kweqhwa, ukusebenza kahle kokupholisa kungabuyiselwa ku-90%; ② Ukwandiswa kwe-evaporator: Uma indawo yokuqala ye-evaporator inganele, nikeza abakhiqizi abangochwepheshe ukuthi bangeze amafin (okwandisa indawo yokushabalalisa ukushisa ngo-20%-30) ngezindleko ezingaba ngu-RMB 500-800.

2.2.2 Ukulungiswa kweCompressor kanye neRefrigerant

① Ukuhlolwa kokusebenza kwe-compressor: Sebenzisa i-pressure gauge ukuhlola ingcindezi yokukhipha (ingcindezi evamile yokukhipha ye-R404A refrigerant ingu-1.8-2.2MPa). Uma ingcindezi inganele, shintsha i-compressor capacitor (izindleko: cishe i-RMB 100-200) noma ulungise ama-valve; uma i-compressor isigugile (isetshenziswe iminyaka engaphezu kwengu-8), yishintshe nge-compressor edumile enamandla afanayo (isb., i-Danfoss, i-Embraco) ngezindleko ezicishe zibe yi-RMB 1,500-2,000; ② Ukugcwalisa kabusha i-Refrigerant: Okokuqala thola amaphuzu okuvuza (faka amanzi anensipho emajoyintini epayipi), bese ugcwalisa kabusha i-refrigerant ngokwezindinganiso (cishe i-R404A engu-1.2-1.5kg yama-freezer angu-1000L) ngezindleko ezicishe zibe yi-RMB 300-500.

2.3 Ukulawulwa Kokushisa Okuhlakaniphile Nokwenza Kahle Ukuhamba Komoya: Ukuthuthukisa Ukuzinza Kokupholisa

Lesi sixazululo singasetshenziswa kanye nezixazululo ezimbili ezishiwo ngenhla. Ngokuthuthukisa ubuchwepheshe, kunciphisa ukungenelela kwabantu futhi kufanelekile kochwepheshe bokuthenga "ukushintsha ngobuhlakani" imishini ekhona.

2.3.1 Uhlelo Lokulawula Izinga Lokushisa Elinezivivinyo Ezimbili

Shintsha i-thermostat yokuqala ye-single-probe "ngohlelo lwe-dual-probe" (olufakwe ku-1/3 ukuphakama kwezingqimba eziphezulu nezingezansi ngokulandelana) ukuze kuqashwe umehluko wokushisa kwekhabhinethi ngesikhathi sangempela. Uma umehluko wokushisa udlula u-2℃, ilungisa ngokuzenzakalelayo isivinini sefeni (isheshisa ifeni ephezulu futhi yehlise ijubane ifeni engezansi), ithuthukisa ukufana kokushisa ngo-40% ngezindleko ezingaba ngu-RMB 300-500.

2.3.2 Ukuguqulwa kwe-Air Outlet Deflector

Faka amapuleti okususa asuswayo (izinto ze-PP ezisezingeni lokudla) ngaphakathi kwefriji eqondile ukuze uqondise umoya obandayo kusukela ngemuva kuya ezinhlangothini zombili, uvimbele "ingxenye engenhla efudumele, ephansi epholile" ebangelwa ukucwila komoya obandayo ngqo. Ngemva kokuguqulwa, izinga lokushisa elingaphezulu lingancishiswa ngo-3-4℃ ngezindleko ze-RMB 100-200 kuphela.

3. Ukuthuthukisa Okungeyona Eyobuchwepheshe: Amasu Okuphatha Amanani Aphansi Ochwepheshe Bokuthenga

Ngaphandle kokuguqulwa kwemishini, ochwepheshe bokuthenga bangenza ukusetshenziswa nokugcinwa kube ngokwejwayelekile ukuze kuncishiswe ukuvama kokupholisa okunganele futhi kwandise impilo yesevisi yemishini.

3.1 Izindinganiso Zokusetshenziswa Kwansuku Zonke: Imikhuba Emi-3 Eyinhloko

① Lawula imvamisa yokuvulwa kweminyango kanye nobude bayo: Nciphisa ukuvuleka kweminyango kube izikhathi ezingu-≤30 ngosuku kanye nobude bokuvulwa okukodwa kube yimizuzwana engu-≤30; thumela izikhumbuzo "zokubuyisa ngokushesha" eduze kwefriji; ② Ukugcina izithako ngendlela efanele: Landela umgomo "wezinto ezilula phezulu, izinto ezisindayo ngezansi; izinto ezimbalwa ngaphambili, eziningi ngemuva," ugcine izithako zikude ≥10cm nezindawo zokungenisa umoya ukuze ugweme ukuvimba ukujikeleza komoya obandayo; ③ Ukulawula izinga lokushisa elizungezile: Beka ifriji endaweni enomoya omuhle enezinga lokushisa elizungezile ≤25℃, kude nemithombo yokushisa (isb., ama-oven, ama-heater), futhi ugcine ibanga elingu-≥20cm phakathi kwefriji ngemuva nodonga.

3.2 Uhlelo Lokunakekela Olujwayelekile: Uhlu Lokuhlola Lwekota/Lonyaka

Ochwepheshe bokuthenga bangakha uhlu lokuhlola lokulungisa futhi banikeze abasebenzi bokusebenza nokulungisa ukuthi balusebenzise, ​​beqinisekisa ukuthi azikho izinyathelo ezibalulekile eziphuthelwa:

4. Ukuvimbela Ukuthengwa: Ukugwema Izingozi Zokupholisa Ezinganele Ngesikhathi Sesigaba Sokukhetha

Uma uthenga amafriji amasha aqondile ebhizinisini, ochwepheshe bokuthenga bangagxila kumapharamitha amathathu ayinhloko ukuze bagweme ukupholisa okunganele okuvela emthonjeni futhi banciphise izindleko zokuguqula ezilandelayo.

4.1 Khetha Ukucushwa Kokupholisa Ngokusekelwe ku-“Capacity + Application”

① Umthamo omncane (≤800L, isib., izitolo ezithengisa izinto ezilula): "I-evaporator eyodwa + amafeni amabili" ongawakhetha ukuze ulinganisele izindleko kanye nokufana; ② Umthamo ophakathi kuya omkhulu (≥1000L, isib., izitolo zokudlela/izitolo ezinkulu): Kumelwe ukhethe "ama-evaporator amabili + amasekethe amabili" ukuqinisekisa umthamo wokupholisa kanye nokulawula umehluko wokushisa; ③ Izinhlelo zokusebenza ezikhethekile (isib., ukubanda kwezokwelapha, isitoreji se-ayisikhilimu): Imfuneko eyengeziwe "yomsebenzi wokunciphisa izinga lokushisa eliphansi" (ivula ngokuzenzakalelayo ukushisa okusizayo lapho izinga lokushisa elizungezile likhona ≤0℃ ukuvimbela ukuvalwa kwe-compressor).

4.2 Amapharamitha Engxenye Eyinhloko: Izinkomba Ezi-3 Okumele Zihlolwe

① I-Evaporator: Beka phambili “ama-evaporator e-aluminium tube fin” (ukusebenza kahle kokusabalalisa ukushisa okuphezulu ngo-15% kunama-tubes ethusi) endaweni ehlangana “≥0.8㎡ ngomthamo ongu-1000L”; ② I-Compressor: Khetha “ama-compressor e-hermetic scroll” (isb., uchungechunge lwe-Danfoss SC) anomthamo wokupholisa ohambisana ne-freezer (≥1200W umthamo wokupholisa wama-freezer angu-1000L); ③ I-Refrigerant: Beka phambili i-R600a enobungani nemvelo (inani le-ODP = 0, lihlangabezana nezindinganiso zemvelo ze-EU); gwema ukuthenga amamodeli amadala usebenzisa i-R22 (encishiswa kancane kancane).

4.3 Beka Amamodeli Abalulekile Anemisebenzi "Yokuxwayisa Kwasekuqaleni Okuhlakaniphile"

Uma uthenga, dinga imishini enalezi zinto ezilandelayo: ① Isexwayiso sokungalingani kwezinga lokushisa (i-acoustic kanye ne-optical alamu lapho izinga lokushisa lekhabhinethi lidlula inani elibekiwe ngo-3℃); ② Ukuzihlola iphutha (isikrini sokubonisa sibonisa amakhodi afana no-“E1″ wokwehluleka kwe-evaporator, “E2″ wokwehluleka kwe-compressor); ③ Ukuqapha kude (hlola izinga lokushisa kanye nesimo sokusebenza nge-APP). Nakuba amamodeli anjalo enezindleko zokuthenga eziphakeme ngo-5%-10%, anciphisa izinkinga zokupholisa okungazelelwe ngo-90% kanye nezindleko zokusebenza nokulungisa eziphansi.

Ngamafuphi, ukuxazulula ukupholisa okunganele eziqandisini ezimile zezentengiselwano kudinga indlela "ezintathu-koyedwa": ukuxilongwa, izixazululo, kanye nokuvimbela. Ochwepheshe bokuthenga kufanele baqale bathole izimbangela eziyinhloko ngezimpawu, bese bekhetha "ukuthuthukiswa kwe-evaporator ekabili," "ukugcinwa kwezingxenye," noma "ukuguqulwa okuhlakaniphile" ngokusekelwe kumthamo wemishini kanye nokuphila kwesevisi, bese ekugcineni bafinyelele ukusebenza okuzinzile kokupholisa kanye nokwenza ngcono izindleko ngokulungiswa okujwayelekile kanye nokukhetha kokuvimbela. Kunconywa ukubeka phambili izixazululo ezingabizi zesikhathi eside ezifana ne-evaporator ekabili ukuze kugwenywe ukulahlekelwa okukhulu kokusebenza okuvela ekongeni izindleko zesikhashana.