Eminyakeni yamuva nje, imboni yemishini yokuqandisa yezentengiselwano yomhlaba wonke ibhekana nezinguquko ezijulile ekuphindaphindweni kobuchwepheshe kanye nemibono yokuklama. Ngokukhuthazwa kwemigomo yokungathathi hlangothi kwekhabhoni kanye nokuhlukahluka kwezidingo zemakethe yabathengi, ukwakheka kwefriji kushintsha kancane kancane kusuka ekuqondisweni komsebenzi owodwa kuya kumodeli ephelele egcizelela ukusebenza kahle okuphezulu, ukonga amandla, ukuhlanganiswa okuhlakaniphile, kanye nolwazi lomsebenzisi.
Ngokwezibalo ezivela kwi-International Energy Agency (IEA), ngo-2020, ukusetshenziswa kwamandla kwemishini yokuqandisa emhlabeni wonke kwaba yi-10% yokusetshenziswa kukagesi, okwenza imboni isheshise ucwaningo kanye nentuthuko yama-refrigerant aphansi e-GWP (global warming potential) kanye nobuchwepheshe be-variable frequency compressor.
Ngesikhathi esifanayo, ukwanda kwezentengiselwano ze-e kanye nezimo ezintsha zokuthengisa kukhuthaze ukwakheka kwefriji ukuze kunakwe kakhulu ukusetshenziswa kwesikhala kanye nokuzivumelanisa nezimo kwendawo. Isibonelo, ukukhula kwezigaba ezihlukanisiwe njengezindawo zokunethezeka zamafriji amaningi kanye namakhabethe okuthengisa angenamuntu kubalulekile. Isikhungo socwaningo lwemakethe i-Technavio sibikezela ukuthi usayizi wemakethe yemishini yokuqandisa yezentengiselwano yomhlaba wonke uzokhula ngo-12.6% kusukela ngo-2023 kuya ku-2027, kanti isidingo esifundeni sase-Asia-Pacific singaphezu kuka-40%, sibe yinjini yokukhula eyinhloko.
Idizayini yefriji yezentengiselwano yamanje inikeza izinto ezintathu ezibalulekile:
1. Ukuthuthukiswa kokusebenza kokuvikelwa kwemvelo
Inani lamafriji asebenzisa amafriji emvelo (njenge-R290, i-CO₂) liyanda unyaka nonyaka. Ukuqiniswa kwemithetho ye-EU F-Gas kusheshise ukuthandwa kobuchwepheshe bokufrijiwa kwe-hydrocarbon. Ngaphezu kwalokho, izinto zengqimba zegwebu zishintshe kusukela ku-HCFC yendabuko zaya kuzixazululo zomthwalo ophansi wemvelo njenge-cyclopentane, futhi ukusebenza kokushisa kukhuphuke ngo-15%-20%.
2. Ukuqina kanye nokulula kokugcinwa
Isakhiwo sekhabhinethi sivame ukuba yisakhiwo esijwayelekile. Ama-inner liners ensimbi engagqwali, izembozo zokulwa nokugqwala kanye namaphaneli okulwa namagciwane aseyizinto ezijwayelekile. Amanye amabhrendi aqalise isiqinisekiso seminyaka eyi-10 sokuqinisa ilebula yokuqina.
3. Ukubukeka kwemfashini
Izinto ezifana nokuthungwa kwensimbi okungabonakali, iminyango yengilazi egobile, kanye nemichilo yokukhanya ye-LED ehlanganisiwe zisetshenziswa kabanzi. Amamodeli aphezulu aze alethe namaphaneli efilimu yombala angenziwa ngezifiso ukuze ahlangabezane nezidingo ezibonakalayo zezigcawu ezifana nezitolo zekhofi nezitolo ezinkulu.
Isiqondiso sesikhathi esizayo ngo-2026 - ukujuliswa kobuhlakani kanye nokusimama
Ngo-2026, ukwakheka kwefriji yezentengiselwano kuzojikeleza ku-AIoT (Artificial Intelligence Internet of Things) kanye nokujikeleza okuphelele kwe-carbonization ephansi yomjikelezo wokuphila:
Uhlelo lokulawula izinga lokushisa oluhlakaniphile: Ngokusebenzisa izinzwa zokuqapha ukusetshenziswa kwempahla kanye namandla ngesikhathi sangempela, kuhlanganiswe nama-algorithms e-AI ukulungisa imodi yokusebenza ngokuguquguqukayo, kulindeleke ukuthi kunciphise ukusetshenziswa kwamandla ngo-20%-30%;
Umnotho ojikelezayo wezinto zokwakha: Umklamo wesakhiwo osuswayo, amakhabethe epulasitiki asekelwe ezintweni eziphilayo kanye nokusetshenziswa kwama-ejenti aphinde asetshenziswe e-foam kuzoba yinto esetshenziswa kakhulu. Amanye amabhizinisi ahlola imodeli "yokuqasha esikhundleni sokuthengisa" ukuze andise impilo yesevisi yemishini;
Ukwenza ngokwezifiso indawo: Ngezidingo ezintsha njengezitsha ezenziwe kusengaphambili kanye nezintambo ezibandayo zemithi, thuthukisa amafriji anemisebenzi eminingi anokulawula okubili kwezinga lokushisa kanye nomswakama kanye nokuphathwa okuzimele kwezindawo eziningi.
Izinyathelo zokuzivikela:
Ingozi yokuthobela imithetho yokusebenza kahle kwamandla: Izindinganiso zokusebenza kahle kwamandla emazweni ahlukahlukene (njenge-US Energy Star kanye nezinga le-GB laseShayina) zivuselelwa njalo. Kudingeka kuqashelwe imingcele efana ne-COP (i-coefficient of performance) kanye ne-APF (isilinganiso sokusebenza kahle kwamandla sonyaka);
Izithiyo zomthetho zokuvikelwa kwemvelo: I-EU carbon tariff (CBAM) ingase ibeke izimali emishinini yokuqandisa enekhabhoni ephezulu. Uchungechunge lokuhlinzeka ludinga ukuhlela ezinye izixazululo ezinekhabhoni encane kusenesikhathi;
Amaphuzu obuhlungu abasebenzisi ababhekana nawo: Imininingwane efana nokulawula umsindo (kudingeka ibe ngaphansi kuka-45dB) kanye nokungabi nomoya kwezivalo zeminyango kuthinta izinqumo zokuthengwa kwesiteshi.
Esikhathini esizayo, kuyadingeka ukunaka ibhalansi phakathi kwezindleko zokutshalwa kwezimali kanye nezinzuzo zokonga amandla zesikhathi eside. Intengo yamamodeli asebenza kahle kakhulu iphakeme ngo-30%-50% kuneyamamodeli avamile. Kuyadingeka ukukholisa amakhasimende ngokuhlaziywa kwezindleko zomjikelezo wokuphila. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, ubuhlakani kanye nokuphepha kwedatha. Ubunikazi bedatha yokulawula izinga lokushisa yamafriji axhunyiwe kanye nokuvikelwa kobumfihlo kubangele izingxoxo zemboni.
Isikhathi sokuthunyelwe: Ephreli-10-2025 Ukubukwa: