Ngokomongo wentuthuko yemboni yezokupheka, amafriji asekhishini abe yingqalasizinda eyinhloko yezindawo zokupheka, njengoba kuthengwa amashumi ezinkulungwane zamayunithi minyaka yonke. Ngokusho kwedatha evela kwi-China Chain Store & Franchise Association, izinga lokulahlwa kokudla ezindaweni zokuhweba lifinyelela ku-8% - 12%. Kodwa-ke, amafriji ensimbi engagqwali asezingeni eliphezulu angandisa isikhathi sokusha kokudla okuqandisiwe ngaphezu kuka-30% futhi anciphise izinga lokulahlwa libe ngaphansi kuka-5%. Ikakhulukazi ngokumelene nesizinda semboni yokudla eyenziwe ngaphambilini ekhula ngesilinganiso sonyaka esingaphezu kuka-20%, njengethuluzi elibalulekile lokugcina izinto ezishisayo eziphansi, lihlobene ngqo nekhwalithi yokudla kanye nomgomo wokuphepha kokudla, libe yinkampani ebalulekile yokuthuthukisa ukusebenza kwekhishi.
Yini Okufanele Iqashelwe Lapho Uthenga Amafriji Ensimbi Engagqwali Ngobuningi?
Kuyadingeka ukunaka ikhwalithi nemisebenzi yemishini yokuqandisa. Ngokuvamile, kungenziwa izinto ezicatshangelwayo ngezinzuzo zemishini kanye nemingcele yokusebenza kwayo. Lokhu okulandelayo kuyizinkomba zekhwalithi ethile:
(1) Inzuzo Yokumelana Nokugqwala Engathathelwa Indawo
Indawo yasekhishini inomswakama futhi igcwele uwoyela, amafutha, ama-asidi, kanye nama-alkali. Amakhabethe enziwe ngensimbi evamile egoqwe ngokubandayo avame ukugqwala nokugqwala. Ngokuphambene nalokho, amakhabethe enziwe ngensimbi engagqwali yezinga lokudla ye-SUS304 angamelana namahora angu-500 ngaphandle kokugqwala esivivinyweni sokufafaza usawoti esichazwe ku-GB/T 4334.5 – 2015. Angagcina ubuqotho bawo bomphezulu ngisho nangemva kokuxhumana isikhathi eside nezinongo zasekhishini ezivamile njenge-soy sauce kanye neviniga. Isikhathi senkonzo samakhabethe anjalo singafinyelela eminyakeni eyi-10 - 15, cishe kabili kunesezinto ezivamile, okunciphisa kakhulu izindleko zokuvuselela imishini.
(2) Izakhiwo Zokulwa Namagciwane
Ukuze kuqiniswe umugqa wokuvikela ukuphepha kokudla, amafriji ensimbi engagqwali asezingeni eliphezulu athuthukisa imiphumela yawo yokulwa namagciwane ngokusebenzisa ubuchwepheshe obufana ne-nano-silver coating kanye nama-cordierite ceramic liners. Isibonelo, imodeli ye-Haier BC/BD – 300GHPT ihlolwe ukuthi inezinga lokulwa namagciwane elingu-99.99% ngokumelene ne-Escherichia coli kanye ne-Staphylococcus aureus. Ama-gasket omnyango angavimbela ngempumelelo izinhlobo eziyisithupha zesikhunta, okuhlanganisa ne-Aspergillus niger. Lesi sici sinciphisa ingozi yokungcoliswa kokudla ezindaweni zasekhaya ngo-60%, sihlangabezana nezidingo ze-National Food Safety Standard for Hygiene of Tableware Disinfection, futhi sibe isiqinisekiso esibalulekile sokuthobela imithetho yokupheka.
(3) Ukuzinza Kwesakhiwo Nokusetshenziswa Kwesikhala
Amafriji ensimbi engagqwali anamandla okucindezela angaphezu kuka-200MPa futhi awanayo ingozi yokuncipha noma ukuguquka ezindaweni ezishisa kakhulu. Ngomklamo we-modular, ukusetshenziswa kwesikhala kungandiswa ngo-25%. Ukusetshenziswa kwemiklamo yedrowa enezitezi kuthuthukisa ukusebenza kahle kokufinyelela kokudla ngo-40%. Ahlangana kalula nekhishi lilonke. Ngo-2024, isabelo semakethe semikhiqizo enjalo safinyelela ku-23.8%, siphindwe kabili uma kuqhathaniswa no-2019.
(4) Ukulula Kokuhlanza
Yakhelwe ukuhlangabezana nezidingo zokusetshenziswa okuvame kakhulu kwamakhishi ezentengiselwano, ikhabethe lonke linobuso bensimbi engagqwali obubushelelezi obungu-Ra≤0.8μm, kanti izinga lokusala kwamafutha lingaphansi kuka-3%. Lingahlanzwa ngokushesha ngesihlanzi esingathathi hlangothi ngaphandle kwesidingo sokulungiswa kobungcweti. Imininingwane yokuhlola ikhombisa ukuthi isikhathi sokuhlanza singaphansi ngo-50% kunesezingilazi zeglasi, futhi ubuso buhlala buyisicaba ngaphandle kokuklwebheka ngisho nangemva kokusula okungu-1,000, okuvumelana ngokuphelele nezici zamabala aqinile kawoyela kanye nokuhlanza njalo emakhishini.
Amathemba Esikhathi Esizayo
Imboni yezokupheka isheshisa ekusetshenzisweni kahle kwamandla kanye nobuhlakani. Izinga elisha likazwelonke le-GB 12021.2 - 2025, elizosetshenziswa ngo-2026, lizoqinisa inani lomkhawulo wokusetshenziswa kahle kwamandla eziqandisini kanye neziqandisini kusukela ku-ηs≤70% kuya ku-ηt≤40%, okuwukwenyuka okungu-42.9%, futhi kulindeleke ukuthi kuqedwe u-20% wemikhiqizo esebenzisa amandla amaningi. Okwamanje, izinga lokungena kwama-freezer ahlakaniphile kulindeleke ukuthi lidlule u-38% ngo-2025. Imisebenzi efana nokulawula izinga lokushisa le-IoT kanye nokuqapha ukusetshenziswa kwamandla kuzoba yizici ezijwayelekile. Usayizi wemakethe wamamodeli akhelwe ngaphakathi kulindeleke ukuthi ufinyelele ku-16.23 billion yuan. Ukusetshenziswa kwama-refrigerant anobungani nemvelo kanye nobuchwepheshe bemvamisa eguquguqukayo kunciphise ukusetshenziswa kwamandla okujwayelekile embonini ngo-22% uma kuqhathaniswa no-2019.
Izinyathelo zokuzivikela
Ukugcinwa kufanele kulandele izimiso "zokuvimbela ukugqwala, ukuvikela uphawu, nokulawula izinga lokushisa." Ekuhlanzeni kwansuku zonke, sebenzisa indwangu ethambile enensipho engathathi hlangothi futhi ugweme ukusebenzisa izinto eziqinile njengoboya bensimbi ukuvimbela imihuzuko.
Sula ama-gasket omnyango ngamanzi afudumele kanye ngesonto ukuze ugcine ukusebenza kwawo kokuvala, okunganciphisa ukulahlekelwa umkhuhlane ngo-15%. Kunconywa ukuhlola imigodi yokupholisa ye-compressor njalo ezinyangeni eziyisithupha futhi kube nokulungiswa kochwepheshe kanye ngonyaka.
Kufanele kuqashelwe ikakhulukazi ukuthi ukudla okune-asidi kufanele kugwenywe ekuthinteni ngqo ikhabethe. Uma kuncibilika emazingeni okushisa aphansi, ukushintshashintsha kwezinga lokushisa akufanele kudlule ±5°C ukuvimbela amanzi anomswakama ukuthi angabangeli ukugqwala.
Amafriji ensimbi engagqwali ekhishini, anezinzuzo zawo ezibonakalayo zokumelana nokugqwala kanye nezakhiwo zokulwa namagciwane, kanye nokuthuthukiswa kokusebenza kahle kwamandla, ahlangabezana nesidingo esiqinile sokuphepha kokudla emakhaya futhi avumelana nezidingo zokuhambisana nezilungiselelo zezentengiselwano. Ngokusetshenziswa kwezindinganiso ezintsha zokusebenza kahle kwamandla kanye nokungena kobuchwepheshe obuhlakaniphile, ukukhetha imikhiqizo elinganisela izilinganiso zokusebenza kahle kwamandla, izitifiketi zokulwa namagciwane, kanye nokuzivumelanisa nezimo zendawo, kanye nokwenza ukulungiswa njalo, kungaqinisekisa ukuthi leli "thuluzi lokugcina okusha" liyaqhubeka nokuvikela impilo yokudla.
Isikhathi sokuthunyelwe: Okthoba-14-2025 Ukubukwa: