Ohlelweni lwemishini yokuqandisa yezentengiselwano,i-condenseringenye yezingxenye eziyinhloko zefriji, enquma ukusebenza kahle kwefriji kanye nokuqina kwemishini. Umsebenzi wayo oyinhloko ukufriji, futhi isimiso simi kanje: iguqula umusi wesiqandisi oshisa kakhulu nowengcindezi ephezulu okhishwa yi-compressor ube uketshezi olushisa kakhulu nowengcindezi ephezulu ngokushintshana kokushisa, ibeka isisekelo sokumuncwa okulandelayo kokushisa kanye nokuhwamuka kwesiqandisi ku-evaporator ukuze kufezwe ukupholisa kanye nokufriji. Izinhlobo ezivamile zama-condenser zifaka phakathiama-condenser e-fin-tube, ama-condenser e-wire-tube, kanye nama-condenser e-tube-sheet.
Ezitolo ezinkulu ezinkulu eYurophu naseMelika, umphumela wokuqandisa, izinga lokusetshenziswa kwamandla, kanye nempilo yesevisi yazo zonke izinto zokuqandisa, kusukela kumakhabethe aqandisiwe kanye namafriji kuya endaweni yokugcina ebanda kakhulu, kuhlobene ngqo nokusebenza kwama-condenser. Uma izinkinga ezifana nokusebenza kahle kokushabalalisa ukushisa, ukukala, noma ukuvaleka kwenzeka kuma-condenser, ngeke kuholele kuphela ekunciphiseni amandla okuqandisa ezinto kanye nokushintshashintsha kwezinga lokushisa ngaphakathi kwamakhabethe, okuthinta ikhwalithi yokugcina ukudla okusha, kodwa futhi kwandisa umthwalo wokusebenza we-compressor, kwandise kakhulu ukusetshenziswa kwamandla, futhi kufinyeze ngisho nokuphila kwenkonzo iyonke yento.
Ama-Condenser anezimo eziningi zokusetshenziswa futhi asetshenziswa kakhulu emishinini emikhulu yokuqandisa njengeamafriji etafula, amakhabethe e-ayisikhilimu, imishini yokukhiqiza iqhwa, amakhabethe okubonisa iziphuzo ezibandayo ezitolo ezinkulu, amakhabethe ekhekhe, amakhabethe kabhiya, kanye namafriji asekhaya,ukudlala indima ebalulekile ekulondolozweni kokudla okusha kanye nokubanda.
1. Ama-Condenser e-Fin-Tube: Ukukhetha Okuyinhloko Kokushabalalisa Ukushisa Okuphumelelayo
Ii-condenser ye-fin-tubeingenye yezinhlobo zama-condenser ezisetshenziswa kakhulu. Isakhiwo sayo esiyinhloko sakhiwe ngamapayipi ethusi (noma amapayipi e-aluminium) kanye namaphini ensimbi. Ngokufaka amaphini aminyene ebusweni bangaphandle bamapayipi ensimbi abushelelezi, indawo yokushabalalisa ukushisa iyanda kakhulu, futhi ukusebenza kahle kokushintshana kokushisa kuyathuthukiswa.
Ngokuphathelene nezici zesakhiwo, izinto ze-fin ikakhulukazi ziyi-aluminium, futhi eminye imishini ephezulu isebenzisa amaphiko ethusi. Amaphiko e-aluminium asephenduke ajwayelekile ngenxa yezinzuzo zawo zezindleko eziphansi kanye nesisindo esilula. Izindlela zokuxhuma phakathi kwamaphiko namapayipi ethusi zifaka phakathi indlela yokucindezela i-fin, indlela yokusonga i-fin, kanyeindlela yokugoqa amafinPhakathi kwazo, indlela yokugoqa amafin isetshenziswa kabanzi emishinini yokuqandisa yezitolo ezinkulu ephakathi nendawo ephezulu ngoba amafin ahlanganiswe eduze namapayipi ethusi, okuholela ekumelaneni okuphansi kokushisa kanye nokusebenza kahle kokushabalalisa ukushisa okuphezulu.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukuze kuhlangatshezwane nezidingo zokufakwa kwemishini ehlukene yokuqandisa, ama-condenser e-fin-tube angahlukaniswa ngezinhlobo ezipholiswe ngomoya kanye nezipholiswe ngamanzi. Uhlobo olupholiswe ngomoya aludingi uhlelo lokujikeleza kwamanzi olwengeziwe futhi luyakwazi ukulifaka, okwenza lufanelekele amakhabethe aqandisiwe esitolo esikhulu, amafriji amancane, njll. Uhlobo olupholiswe ngamanzi lusebenza kahle kakhulu ekushabalaliseni ukushisa kodwa ludinga ikhwalithi ephezulu yamanzi futhi ludinga umbhoshongo wokupholisa osekelayo. Lusetshenziswa kakhulu ezinhlelweni zokuqandisa eziphakathi zezitolo ezinkulu ezinkulu noma imishini yokuqandisa ethwala umthwalo omningi.
Ngokuphathelene nezimo zokusetshenziswa kanye nokugcinwa kwazo, ngenxa yokusebenza kwazo okuphezulu kokushabalalisa ukushisa kanye nezindlela zokufaka eziguquguqukayo, ama-condenser e-fin-tube asetshenziswa kabanzi emakhabetheni aqandisiwe avulekile esitolo esikhulu, eziqandisini eziqondile, endaweni yokugcina ebandayo ehlanganisiwe, kanye neminye imishini.
Ngesikhathi sokulungiswa kwansuku zonke, kuyadingeka ukuhlanza njalo uthuli kanye nemfucumfucu ebusweni bamafin ukuvimbela ukuvaleka kwezikhala zamafin ukuthi kungathinti ukushabalaliswa kokushisa. Kuma-condenser apholile emoyeni, kuyadingeka futhi ukuhlola isimo sokusebenza kwenjini yama-fan ukuqinisekisa isivinini esijwayelekile sama-fan. Kuma-condenser apholile ngamanzi, amapayipi adinga ukuhlanzwa njalo ukuvimbela isikali ekunciphiseni ukusebenza kahle kokushintshana kokushisa, futhi ngesikhathi esifanayo, unake ukuhlola noma yikuphi ukuvuza ezindaweni zokuxhumanisa amapayipi amanzi.
2. Ama-Condenser e-Wire-Tube: Ukukhetha Okusebenzayo Okunesakhiwo Esincane
Ii-condenser yepayipi yocingo, eyaziwa nangokuthi i-Bondi tube condenser, inesici sokwakheka sokuhlela amashubhu amaningi ethusi amancane (ngokuvamile amashubhu e-Bondi, okungukuthi, amashubhu ensimbi agqitshiwe) ngokulandelana bese egoqa izintambo zensimbi ezincane ebusweni bangaphandle bamashubhu ethusi ukuze kwakheke inethiwekhi yokushabalalisa ukushisa okukhulu. Uma kuqhathaniswa nama-fin-tube condenser, isakhiwo sawo sincane kakhulu, indawo yokushabalalisa ukushisa ngevolumu yeyunithi ngayinye inkulu, futhi ukuxhumana phakathi kwezintambo zensimbi namashubhu ethusi kuqinile, ngokumelana okunamandla kokudlidliza.
Ngokuphathelene nezinzuzo zokusebenza, yize ukusebenza kwayo kokushisa kuphansi kancane kune-fin-tube condenser, ngenxa yesakhiwo sayo esincane kanye nokusetshenziswa kwayo endaweni encane, ifaneleka kakhulu ukufakwa emishinini yokuqandisa esitolo esikhulu enesikhala esincane, njengeziqandisi ezincane ezivundlile kanye namakhabethe afakwe esiqandisini akhelwe ngaphakathi.
Kufanele kuqashelwe ukuthi ubuso be-condenser ye-wire-tube bubushelelezi, okwenza kungabi lula ukunqwabelana kothuli, futhi ukuhlanza nsuku zonke kulula kakhulu. Futhi inokumelana nokugqwala okunamandla kanye nokuphila isikhathi eside, okufanelekela kakhulu indawo enomswakama yezitolo ezinkulu (njengemishini yokuqandisa eduze kwendawo yomkhiqizo wasemanzini kanye nendawo yemikhiqizo emisha).
Ngokuphathelene nezimo zokusetshenziswa, isetshenziswa kakhulu emishinini emincane yokuqandisa yezitolo ezinkulu, njengekhabethe lokubonisa elifrijiwe etafuleni, amafriji amancane, kanye namanye amakhabethe okugcina imikhiqizo emisha akhelwe ngaphakathi. Ukuze kulungiswe, naka okulandelayo: sula njalo uthuli olungaphezulu ngendwangu ethambile, futhi asikho isidingo sokuqaqa nokuhlanza njalo; uma imishini isendaweni enomswakama isikhathi eside, hlola ukuthi kukhona yini ukugqwala ebusweni be-condenser. Uma ukugqwala sekutholiwe, kulungise ngopende wokulwa nokugqwala ngesikhathi esifanele ukuze uvimbele ukugqwala ukuthi kusakazeke futhi kuthinte ukusebenza kokushabalalisa ukushisa; ngesikhathi esifanayo, gwema izinto eziqinile ezingqubuzana nezintambo zensimbi namashubhu ethusi e-condenser ukuze uvimbele ukuguquka kwesakhiwo ekunciphiseni ukusebenza kahle kokushabalalisa ukushisa.
3. Ama-Condensers e-Tube-Sheet: Ukukhetha Okuthembekile Kwezimo Ezinamandla Aphezulu
Ii-condenser yeshidi leshubhuYakhiwe ngebhokisi leshubhu, ishidi leshubhu, amashubhu okushintshanisa ukushisa, kanye negobolondo. Isakhiwo sayo esiyinhloko siwukubopha zombili iziphetho zamashubhu amaningi okushintshanisa ukushisa (ngokuvamile amashubhu ensimbi angenamthungo noma amashubhu ensimbi engagqwali) eshidini leshubhu ukuze kwakheke inqwaba yeshubhu. Isiqandisi ebhokisini leshubhu kanye nendawo yokupholisa (njengamanzi noma umoya) eshidini kushintshanisa ukushisa ngodonga lweshubhu. I-condenser yeshidi leshubhu inamandla aphezulu esakhiwo, ukumelana okuhle kakhulu nokucindezela okuphezulu kanye nokushisa okuphezulu, futhi ukuxhumana phakathi kwamashubhu okushintshanisa ukushisa kanye neshidi leshubhu kusebenzisa izinqubo zokushisela noma zokwandisa amajoyinti, ngokusebenza kahle kokuvala futhi ayithambekeli ezinkingeni zokuvuza.
Ngokuphathelene nesakhiwo kanye nokusebenza, ingahlukaniswa ngezinhlobo zegobolondo nepayipi (epholiswe ngamanzi) kanye nezinhlobo zegobolondo nepayipi ezipholiswe ngomoya.i-condenser yeshidi leshubhu-legobolondo neshubhu, amanzi okupholisa adlula egobolondweni, bese i-refrigerant igeleza ngaphakathi kwamapayipi okushintshanisa ukushisa, idlulisele ukushisa emanzini okupholisa ngodonga lwethubhu. Isebenza kahle kakhulu ekushabalaliseni ukushisa futhi ingamelana nomfutho ophezulu, okwenza ifaneleke imishini yokuqandisa enomfutho ophezulu kanye nemithwalo ephezulu ezitolo ezinkulu, njengezindawo zokugcina ezibandayo ezinkulu kanye nezinhlelo zokuqandisa eziphakathi. I-condenser ye-sheet ye-shell-and-tube epholile emoyeni ifakwe ifeni ngaphandle kwegobolondo, futhi ukushisa kuthwalwa ngokugeleza komoya. Ayidingi uhlelo lokujikeleza kwamanzi futhi kulula kakhulu ukuyifaka, kodwa ukusebenza kwayo kahle kokushabalalisa ukushisa kuphansi kancane kunohlobo lwe-shell-and-tube, kufanelekile ezimweni ezinezidingo zomfutho ophezulu kodwa isikhala silinganiselwe.
Ngenxa yezimpawu zayo zamandla aphezulu kanye nokusebenza okuphezulu kokuvala, i-condenser yeshidi leshubhu isetshenziswa kakhulu emishinini emikhulu yokuqandisa esitolo esikhulu, njengendawo yokugcina ebandayo engamathani ayizinkulungwane eziyishumi, amayunithi okuqandisa aphakathi, kanye namafriji asezingeni eliphansi lokugcina inyama nokudla kwasolwandle.
Ngesikhathi sokulungisa, kuyadingeka ukuhlola njalo ikhwalithi yamanzi okupholisa ukuze kuvinjelwe ukuthi isikali kanye nokungcola kungangeni ngaphakathi kwamapayipi okushintshanisa ukushisa. Izindlela zokuhlanza ngamakhemikhali noma zokuhlanza ngomshini zingasetshenziswa ukususa ukungcola ngaphakathi kwamapayipi. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, hlola ukuthi kukhona yini ukuvuza ekuxhumekeni phakathi kweshidi leshubhu namapayipi okushintshanisa ukushisa. Uma kutholakala ukuvuza, kulungise ngokushisela noma ukushintsha amapayipi okushintshanisa ukushisa ngesikhathi esifanele. Kuma-condenser eshidi leshubhu elipholile emoyeni, hlanza njalo uthuli olungaphandle kwegobolondo bese uhlola isimo sokusebenza kwefeni ukuqinisekisa ukushabalaliswa okuvamile kokushisa.
4. Ama-Evaporator E-Tube-Sheet: Izingxenye Eziyinhloko Ekugcineni Kwefriji
Emishinini eminingi yokuqandisa, i-tube-sheet evaporator iyisici sokugcina sokufeza ukupholisa kanye nokupholisa. Umsebenzi wayo uphambene nowe-condenser. Imunca kakhulu ukushisa futhi ishise uketshezi lwesiqandisi oluphansi kanye nolunomfutho ophansi ngemva kokubhoboza kanye nokunciphisa ingcindezi ngaphakathi kwe-evaporator, imunca ukushisa kwendawo ezungezile, ngaleyo ndlela inciphise izinga lokushisa lesikhala esiqandisiwe noma esiqandisiwe. Isakhiwo sayo sifana nese-tube-sheet condenser, esakhiwe yi-tube sheet, ama-heat exchange tube, kanye negobolondo, kodwa indawo yokusebenza kanye nesiqondiso sokudluliselwa kokushisa kuyaphikisana.
Ngokuphathelene nesakhiwo kanye nokusebenza, ngokwendlela yokugeleza kwe-refrigerant, ingahlukaniswa ngohlobo olugcwele amanzi kanye nohlobo olomile. Ku-evaporator yeshidi leshubhu eligcwele amanzi, igobolondo ligcwele uketshezi lwe-refrigerant, futhi amashubhu okushintshanisa ukushisa acwiliswa oketshezini, eshintshana ngokushisa nendawo epholile (njengomoya, amanzi) ngodonga lweshubhu. Isebenza kahle kakhulu ekushintshisaneni kokushisa futhi ifanelekela indawo yokugcina ebanda enkulu yesitolo esikhulu, ama-water colders, kanye neminye imishini. Ku-i-evaporator yeshidi leshubhu elomile, isiqandisi sigeleza ngaphakathi kwamapayipi okushintshanisa ukushisa, kanti indawo epholile igeleza ngaphakathi kwegobolondo. Inesakhiwo esilula futhi kulula ukuyinakekela, ifanele amakhabethe amancane aqandisiwe esitolo esikhulu, amakhabethe okubonisa aqandisiwe, kanye neminye imishini.
Ngokuphathelene nezinto zokwakha, ithusi noma insimbi engagqwali kusetshenziswa kakhulu. Amashubhu okushintshanisa ukushisa ethusi anokushisa okuhle, kanti amashubhu okushintshanisa ukushisa ensimbi engagqwali anokumelana okunamandla nokugqwala. Izinto ezifanele zingakhethwa ngokuya ngezimo zokusetshenziswa kwemishini.
Ngokuphathelene nezimo zokusetshenziswa, isetshenziswa kabanzi emishinini ehlukahlukene yokuqandisa, njengemakhabethe avulekile aqandisiwe, amafriji aqondile, indawo yokugcina ebandayo ehlanganisiwe, ama-water chiller, njll.
Ngokuphathelene nokugcinwa, hlola isimo sokuqandisa kwe-evaporator. Uma iqhwa likhulu kakhulu, lizovimba ukushintshaniswa kokushisa futhi linciphise ukusebenza kahle kwefriji. Ukuqandisa kufanele kwenziwe ngesikhathi esifanele (kungasetshenziswa ukuqandisa ukushisa ngogesi, ukuqandisa ngegesi eshisayo, njll.).
Kuma-evaporator eshidi leshubhu agcwele amanzi, lawula inani lokushaja kwe-refrigerant ukuze ugweme ukugoba koketshezi lwe-compressor okubangelwa ukushaja ngokweqile. Kuma-evaporator eshidi leshubhu elomile, hlola ukuthi kukhona yini ukuvaleka kumashubhu okushintshanisa ukushisa. Uma kutholakala ukuvaleka, ama-ejenti okuhlanza anegesi ephezulu noma amakhemikhali angasetshenziswa ekugubheni. Ungakhohlwa ukuhlola ukusebenza kokuvala kwe-evaporator ukuze uvimbele ukuvuza kwe-refrigerant ukuthi kungathinti umphumela wokuqandisa.
Emishinini yokuqandisa yezentengiselwano yezitolo ezinkulu, ama-condenser nama-evaporator ahlukene anezici zawo ezihlukile zesakhiwo kanye nezimo zokusetshenziswa. Kuyadingeka ukukhetha ngokufanele amamodeli nosayizi abafanele ngokuya ngohlobo lwemishini, usayizi wesikhala, umthwalo wokuqandisa, kanye nendawo yokusetshenziswa, futhi wenze umsebenzi omuhle ekunakekelweni kwansuku zonke ukuqinisekisa ukusebenza kahle nokuzinzile kwemishini yokuqandisa, unikeze isiqinisekiso esithembekile sokulondolozwa kokusha kokudla, futhi ngesikhathi esifanayo unciphise ukusetshenziswa kwamandla kanye nezindleko zokusebenza.
Isikhathi sokuthunyelwe: Okthoba-11-2025 Ukubukwa: