Jagora Don Ƙididdige Ƙarfin Sayar da Kabad ɗin Nunin Abin Sha na Kasuwanci

"Shugaba, wannan samfurin sanyaya mai ƙarfin 300W zai wadatar maka!" "Ka yi amfani da na'urar 500W—yana yin sanyi da sauri a lokacin rani!" Lokacin da kake siyan kabad ɗin nunin abin sha, shin koyaushe kana rikitar da "maganganun fasaha na masu siyarwa"? Zaɓi ƙanana da yawa, kuma abubuwan sha ba za su yi sanyi da kyau a lokacin rani ba, wanda hakan zai kori abokan ciniki. Zaɓi babba da yawa, kuma kuɗin wutar lantarkinka zai yi tashin gwauron zabi—ɓatar kuɗi sosai.

A yau za mu raba dabarar lissafin ƙarfin sanyaya akwatin nunin abin sha. Ba sai an fahimci ƙa'idodi masu rikitarwa ba - kawai a bi dabarar da misalai mataki-mataki. Ko da masu farawa za su iya daidaita buƙatunsu daidai.

I. Fahimta Da Farko: Me Yasa Ya Kamata Ka Lissafa Ƙarfin Sanyaya Daidai?

Ƙarfin sanyaya yana wakiltar "ƙarfin sanyaya" na kabad ɗin nuni, wanda aka fi aunawa a watts (W) ko kilocalories a kowace awa (kcal/h), inda 1 kcal/h ≈ 1.163 W. Daidaitaccen lissafi yana aiki da manyan manufofi guda biyu:

• A guji "yin amfani da yawa": Misali, a lokacin rani idan ƙofofin shagon da ke da sauƙin buɗewa akai-akai, rashin isasshen ƙarfin sanyaya yana hana kabad ɗin kaiwa ga mafi kyawun zafin jiki na 3-8°C (zafin da ya dace don adana abubuwan sha). Abubuwan sha masu gurɓataccen iska suna rasa ƙarfi, ruwan 'ya'yan itace yana lalacewa cikin sauƙi, kuma kuna ƙarewa kuna asarar kuɗi.
• Hana "yawan aiki": Shago mai girman 20㎡ yana siyan kabad mai ƙarfin 500W mai ƙarfin gaske yana ɓatar da ƙarin kWh 2-3 a kowace rana, wanda hakan ke ƙara ɗaruruwan kuɗin wutar lantarki na shekara-shekara - ba lallai ba ne.

Muhimmin abu: Ba koyaushe ne ƙarfin sanyaya ya fi kyau ba—yana nufin “daidaita buƙata.” Mayar da hankali kan manyan ma'auni guda uku: girman kabad ɗin nuni, yanayin aiki, da kuma mitar buɗe ƙofa.

II. Tsarin Dabara: Matakai 3 don Lissafin Ƙarfin Sanyaya Daidai (Ko da Masu Farawa Za Su Iya Kwarewa)

Ba sai an haddace ƙa'idodin thermodynamics masu rikitarwa ba—kawai ku tuna da wannan dabarar aiki: Ƙarfin Sanyaya (W) = Nuna Ƙarar Kabad (L) × Yawan Abin Sha (kg/L) × Ƙarfin Zafi na Musamman (kJ/kg·℃) × Bambancin Zafin Jiki (℃) ÷ Lokacin Sanyaya (h) ÷ 1000 × Ma'aunin Gyara

Bari mu raba kowane sigogi mataki-mataki, ta amfani da "kabad mai nuni ga shagon kayan kwalliya 1000L" a matsayin misali:

1. Sigogi Masu Gyara (Aika kai tsaye, babu buƙatar canje-canje)

2. Sigogi Masu Canji (Cika bisa ga ainihin halin da kake ciki)

• Nuna Girman Kabad (L): Wannan shine 'ƙarfin' da masana'anta suka yiwa alama, misali, 1000L, 600L. Kawai kwafi ƙimar da aka ambata.
• Bambancin Zafin Jiki (°C): Zafin Yanayi - Zafin da Aka Yi Niyya. A ɗauka cewa zafin ɗakin bazara shine 35°C (mafi tsananin yanayi), zafin da aka yi niyya shine 5°C (ɗanɗanon abin sha mafi kyau), don haka bambancin zafin jiki = 35 – 5 = 30°C.

3. A maye gurbin dabarar lissafi (ta amfani da kabad ɗin nuni na shago mai lita 1000 a matsayin misali)

Ƙarfin sanyaya (W) = 1000L × 0.95kg/L × 4.0kJ/kg·℃ × 30℃ ÷ 2h ÷ 1000 × 1.2 (ma'aunin gyara) Lissafi mataki-mataki: ① 1000 × 0.95 = 950kg (Jimillar nauyin abin sha a cikin kabad) ② 950 × 4.0 × 30 = 114,000 kJ (Jimillar zafin da ake buƙata don sanyaya duk abubuwan sha) ③ 114,000 ÷ 2 = 57,000 kJ/h (Ana buƙatar ƙarfin sanyaya a kowace awa) ④ 57,000 ÷ 1000 = 570 W (Aikin sanyaya tushe) ⑤ 570 × 1.2 = 684W (Aikin sanyaya na ƙarshe; an yi bayani game da ma'aunin gyara daga baya)

Kammalawa: Ga wannan kabad mai girman lita 1000, lokacin bazara yana buƙatar kimanin ƙarfin sanyaya 700W. 600W bai isa ba kaɗan, yayin da 800W yana da ɗan yawa amma ya fi aminci.

III. Mahimmin Karin Bayani: Yadda Ake Tabbatar da Ma'aunin Gyara?

Ba a ƙara "1.2" da ke sama ba bisa ga son rai; an daidaita shi bisa ga yanayin amfani na ainihi. Yanayi daban-daban suna daidai da ma'auni daban-daban. Zaɓi kai tsaye bisa ga waɗannan:

• Daidaiton gyara 1.0-1.1: Kabad na nuni na babban kanti (ƙarancin buɗe ƙofa ≤ ​​sau 20 a rana), muhallin cikin gida mai sanyaya iska (zafin yanayi ≤28°C), samfuran sanyaya kai tsaye (mai kyau rufi).
• Ma'aunin Gyara 1.2–1.3: Shaguna masu sauƙin amfani/ƙananan shaguna (buɗe ƙofofi akai-akai ≥ sau 50 a rana), muhalli mara sanyaya iska (zafin yanayi ≥32°C), samfuran sanyaya iska (masu saurin rasa iska mai sanyi).
• Ma'aunin gyara 1.4–1.5: Yankunan da ke da zafin jiki mai yawa (zafin yanayi na lokacin rani ≥38°C), wuraren da ake buɗewa (hasken rana kai tsaye), kabad ɗin nuni kusa da hanyoyin zafi (misali, kusa da tanda ko masu dumama).

IV. Teburin Kwatanta Zabin Samfura don Yanayi daban-daban

V. Faɗakarwa game da Matsalolin Rikici: Dabaru 2 da Masu Sayarwa Ke Amfani da Su

1. Jerin "Ƙarfin Shigarwa" kawai ba tare da "Ƙarfin Sanyaya" ba: Ƙarfin shigarwa yana nuna yawan wutar lantarki da kabad ɗin nuni ke amfani da shi, ba fitarwar sanyaya ba! Misali, tare da irin wannan ƙarfin shigarwar 500W, alamar inganci na iya samun ƙarfin sanyaya 450W, yayin da alamar ƙasa za ta iya kaiwa 350W kawai. Koyaushe a nemi mai siyarwa ya bayar da "Rahoton Gwajin Ƙarfin Sanyaya."
2. Adadin ƙarfin sanyaya: Misali, na'urar da ke da ainihin ƙarfin sanyaya 600W za a iya yi mata lakabi da "ƙarfin sanyaya mafi girma na 800W." Ƙimar kololuwa tana wakiltar karatu nan take a ƙarƙashin yanayi mai tsanani kuma ba za a iya cimma ta ba yayin aiki na yau da kullun. Lokacin zaɓa, mayar da hankali kawai kan "ƙarfin sanyaya mai ƙima."

Ka tuna da ƙa'idodi 3 masu mahimmanci

1. Girman ƙarfin yana nufin ƙarfin sanyaya mafi girma: Kowace ƙaruwar ƙarfin lita 100 tana ƙara kusan ƙarfin sanyaya 50-80W. 2. Muhalli masu zafi da kuma buɗe ƙofofi akai-akai suna buƙatar ƙarin ƙarfin: Ƙara aƙalla kashi 10% na ma'aunin kariya ga sakamakon da aka ƙididdige. 3. Ba da fifiko ga ingancin kuzari na Daraja 1: Don irin ƙarfin sanyaya iri ɗaya, ingancin Daraja 1 yana adana 1-2 kWh kowace rana idan aka kwatanta da Daraja 5, yana dawo da bambancin farashin siyan cikin watanni shida.