Yadda za a magance rashin isasshen sanyaya a cikin injin daskarewa na kasuwanci?

Masu daskarewa na kasuwanci sune ainihin kayan sanyi a masana'antu kamar abinci, dillalai, da kiwon lafiya. Ayyukan sanyaya su kai tsaye yana rinjayar sabobin kayan masarufi, kwanciyar hankali na magunguna, da farashin aiki. Rashin isasshen sanyaya-wanda aka kwatanta da yanayin zafi na majalisar 5 ℃ ko fiye sama da ƙimar saiti, bambance-bambancen zafin gida da ya wuce 3 ℃, ko rage saurin sanyaya saurin - ba wai kawai zai iya haifar da lalacewa da sharar gida ba amma kuma yana tilasta compressors suyi aiki a ƙarƙashin nauyin nauyi na dogon lokaci, wanda ke haifar da ƙari fiye da 30% na yawan kuzari.

1. Rashin isassun sanyaya a cikin Masu daskarewa na Kasuwanci: Ganewar Matsala da Tasirin Aiki

ƙwararrun masu siye dole ne su fara gano ainihin alamun bayyanar cututtuka da tushen abubuwan da ke haifar da rashin isasshen sanyaya don guje wa gyare-gyaren makaho ko maye gurbin kayan aiki, wanda zai haifar da ɓata farashin da ba dole ba.

1.1 Mahimman Alamomin Alamun da Hatsarin Ayyuka

Hankula alamun rashin isasshen sanyaya sun haɗa da: ① Lokacin da zafin jiki ya kasance -18 ℃, ainihin zafin jiki na majalisar zai iya sauke zuwa -10 ℃ ko mafi girma, tare da haɓakawa da ya wuce ± 2℃; ② Bambancin zafin jiki tsakanin babba da ƙananan yadudduka ya wuce 5 ℃ (masu daskarewa a tsaye suna da al'amurran "dumi na sama, ƙananan sanyi" saboda nutsewar iska mai sanyi); ③ Bayan ƙara sabbin kayan abinci, lokacin sanyi zuwa yanayin zafin da aka saita ya wuce awanni 4 (yanayin al'ada shine awanni 2-3). Waɗannan matsalolin kai tsaye suna haifar da:

• Masana'antar dafa abinci: Rage 50% a cikin rayuwar shiryayye na sabbin kayan abinci, haɓaka haɗarin haɓakar ƙwayoyin cuta da haɗarin amincin abinci;
• Masana'antar dillali: Tausasawa da gurɓacewar abinci mai daskarewa, ƙimar ƙarar abokin ciniki, da ƙimar sharar da ba'a siyar da ita sama da 8%;
• Masana'antar kiwon lafiya: Rage ayyukan wakilai na halitta da alluran rigakafi, kasa cika ka'idojin ajiya na GSP.

1.2 Binciken Tushen: 4 Girma daga Kayan aiki zuwa Muhalli

Kwararrun sayayya na iya bincika dalilai a cikin fifiko masu zuwa don gujewa rasa mahimman abubuwan:

1.2.1 Nau'in Kayan Kayan Kayan Kayan Kayan Kayan Kayan Kayan Gida (60% na Cases)

① Frost toshewa a cikin evaporator: Yawancin injin daskarewa na kasuwanci ana sanyaya iska. Idan sanyi akan fins ɗin evaporator ya wuce 5mm a cikin kauri, yana toshe yanayin yanayin sanyi mai sanyi, yana rage ingancin sanyaya da 40% (na kowa a cikin al'amuran tare da buɗe kofa da yawa da zafi mai yawa); ② Rage aikin kwampreso: Kwamfuta da aka yi amfani da su fiye da shekaru 5 na iya samun raguwar 20% a cikin matsin lamba, wanda ke haifar da ƙarancin sanyaya; ③ Ruwan firji: Tsufa ko girgiza-sakamakon lalacewa ga waldawar bututun na iya haifar da zubar da refrigerants (misali, R404A, R600a), yana haifar da asarar ƙarfin sanyaya kwatsam.

1.2.2 Lalacewar ƙira (20% na lokuta)

Wasu low-karshen mike freezers da "single evaporator + daya fan" zane flaws: ① Cold iska ne kawai hura daga guda yanki a baya, haifar da m iska wurare dabam dabam a cikin majalisar ministocin, tare da babba-Layer yanayin zafi 6-8℃ sama da ƙananan yadudduka; ② Rashin isassun yanki (misali, yanki mai fitar da iska mai ƙasa da 0.8㎡ don injin daskarewa 1000L) ya kasa saduwa da babban ƙarfin sanyaya buƙatun.

1.2.3 Tasirin Muhalli (15% na lokuta)

① Maɗaukakin yanayi mai tsananin zafi: Sanya injin daskarewa kusa da murhun abinci ko a cikin wurare masu zafi na waje (zazzabi na yanayi wanda ya wuce 35 ℃) yana hana yaduwar zafi na kwampreso, rage ƙarfin sanyaya da 15% -20%; ② Rashin iska mara kyau: Idan nisa tsakanin injin daskarewa da bangon baya da ƙasa da 15cm, na'urar ba zai iya watsar da zafi yadda ya kamata ba, yana haifar da ƙara matsa lamba; ③ Yin lodi: Ƙara kayan zafin ɗaki sama da kashi 30% na ƙarfin injin daskarewa lokaci ɗaya yana sa ba zai yiwu na'urar ta yi sanyi da sauri ba.

1.2.4 Ba daidai ba Aiki na Dan Adam (5% na lokuta)

Misalai sun haɗa da buɗe kofa akai-akai (fiye da sau 50 a kowace rana), jinkirin maye gurbin tsofaffin gaket ɗin ƙofar (wanda ke haifar da ɗigon iska mai sanyi fiye da 10%), da cunkoson abubuwan da ke toshe hanyoyin iska (yana hana yanayin sanyin iska).

2. Mahimman Magani na Fasaha don Rashin isasshen sanyaya: Daga Kulawa zuwa Haɓakawa

Dangane da tushen tushe daban-daban, masu sana'a na siye za su iya zaɓar "gyara da sabuntawa" ko "haɓaka fasaha" mafita, ba da fifikon ƙimar farashi da kwanciyar hankali na dogon lokaci.

2.1 Dual Evaporators + Dual Fans: Mafi kyawun Magani don Manyan Daskarewa madaidaiciya

Wannan bayani yana magance "laikan ƙira guda ɗaya na evaporator" da "babban ƙarfin buƙatun sanyaya," yana mai da shi babban zaɓi ga ƙwararrun sayayya lokacin haɓakawa ko maye gurbin kayan aiki. Ya dace da injin daskarewa na kasuwanci sama da 1200L (misali, manyan kantunan daskarewa, injin daskarewa na tsakiya a cikin abinci).

2.1.1 Ka'idodin Magani da Fa'idodi

Ƙirar “ƙananan ƙazamin dual evaporators + masu zaman kansu dual fans” ƙira: ① Babban evaporator yana sanyaya saman 1/3 na majalisar, yayin da ƙananan evaporator yana kwantar da ƙananan 2/3. Magoya baya masu zaman kansu suna sarrafa jagorar kwararar iska, rage bambancin zafin jiki na majalisar zuwa ± 1 ℃; ② Jimlar zafin zafi na dual evaporators shine 60% ya fi girma fiye da na guda ɗaya (misali, 1.5㎡ don dual evaporators a cikin 1500L freezers), ƙara ƙarfin sanyaya ta 35% da haɓaka saurin sanyaya ta 40%; ③ Mai zaman kanta mai sarrafa dual-circuit yana tabbatar da cewa idan mai fitar da iska ɗaya ya gaza, ɗayan na iya kula da sanyi na ɗan lokaci, yana hana cikakken rufe kayan aiki.

2.1.2 Kudin Sayi da Lokacin Biya

Farashin siyan injin daskarewa tare da masu fitar da ruwa biyu shine 15%-25% sama da na nau'ikan injin-envaporator (misali, kusan RMB 8,000 don ƙirar mai iska guda 1500L vs. RMB 9,500-10,000 don ƙirar mai-evaporator mai dual-evaporator). Koyaya, dawowar dogon lokaci yana da mahimmanci: ① 20% ƙarancin amfani da makamashi (ajiye kusan 800 kWh na wutar lantarki a kowace shekara, daidai da RMB 640 a farashin wutar lantarki dangane da farashin wutar lantarki na masana'antu na RMB 0.8/kWh); ② 6% -8% raguwa a cikin adadin sharar kayan masarufi, yanke farashin sharar gida na shekara-shekara da sama da RMB 2,000; ③ 30% ƙarancin gazawar kwampreso, haɓaka rayuwar sabis na kayan aiki ta shekaru 2-3 (daga shekaru 8 zuwa shekaru 10-11). Lokacin biya shine kusan shekaru 1.5-2.

2.2 Haɓakawa da Kulawa Guda Guda Guda: Zaɓuɓɓuka Mai Tasiri don Ƙaramin Kayan Aiki

Don masu daskarewa madaidaiciya a ƙarƙashin 1000L (misali, ƙananan masu daskarewa a cikin shaguna masu dacewa) tare da rayuwar sabis na ƙasa da shekaru 5, mafita masu zuwa zasu iya gyara ƙarancin sanyaya akan farashi kawai 1/5 zuwa 1/3 na maye gurbin duka naúrar.

2.2.1 Tsaftacewa da Gyaran Evaporator

① Cire Frost: Yi amfani da "kashe iska mai zafi" (kashe kayan aiki da busa fissun iska mai zafi da ke ƙasa da 50 ℃) ko "magungunan lalata kayan abinci" (don guje wa lalata). Bayan cire sanyi, ana iya dawo da ingancin sanyaya zuwa sama da 90%; ② Fadada evaporator: Idan wurin mai fitar da na'urar na asali bai isa ba, baiwa ƙwararrun masana'antun da su ƙara fins (ƙara yanayin ɓarkewar zafi da 20%-30) akan farashin kusan RMB 500-800.

2.2.2 Kwamfuta da Kula da firiji

① Gwajin aikin kwampreso: Yi amfani da ma'aunin matsa lamba don duba matsa lamba na fitarwa (Matsayin fitarwa na yau da kullun don refrigerant R404A shine 1.8-2.2MPa). Idan matsa lamba bai isa ba, maye gurbin compressor capacitor (farashi: kusan RMB 100-200) ko bawul ɗin gyarawa; idan compressor ya tsufa (an yi amfani da shi sama da shekaru 8), maye gurbinsa da kwampreso mai suna iri ɗaya (misali, Danfoss, Embraco) akan farashin kusan RMB 1,500-2,000; ② Gyaran firji: Da farko gano wuraren ɗigogi (a shafa ruwan sabulu zuwa gaɓoɓin bututun mai), sannan a sake cika refrigerant bisa ga ƙa'idodi (kimanin 1.2-1.5kg na R404A na injin daskarewa 1000L) akan farashin kusan RMB 300-500.

2.3 Gudanar da Zazzabi na Hankali da Inganta Ruwan iska: Haɓaka kwanciyar hankali

Ana iya amfani da wannan maganin tare da mafita guda biyu da aka ambata a sama. Ta hanyar haɓaka fasaha, yana rage sa hannun ɗan adam kuma ya dace da masu sana'a na siye don "gyara da hankali" kayan aikin da ke akwai.

2.3.1 Tsarin Kula da Zazzabi Dual-Probe

Maye gurbin ainihin ma'aunin zafi da sanyio-biyu tare da "tsarin bincike-biyu" (wanda aka girka a tsayin 1/3 na babba da ƙananan yadudduka) don saka idanu akan bambancin zafin jiki na majalisar a ainihin lokacin. Lokacin da bambancin zafin jiki ya wuce 2 ℃, yana daidaita saurin fan ta atomatik (yana haɓaka fan na sama da rage ƙarancin fan), haɓaka daidaiton zafin jiki da 40% akan farashin kusan RMB 300-500.

2.3.2 Gyaran Maɓalli na Fitar Jirgin Sama

Shigar da faranti mai cirewa (kayan PP na abinci) a cikin injin daskarewa madaidaiciya don jagorantar iska mai sanyi daga baya zuwa ɓangarorin biyu, tare da hana "dumi na sama, ƙasa mai sanyaya" sakamakon nutsewar iska kai tsaye. Bayan gyare-gyare, ana iya rage yawan zafin jiki na sama da 3-4 ℃ akan farashin RMB 100-200 kawai.

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Bayan gyaran kayan aiki, ƙwararrun sayayya na iya daidaita amfani da kiyayewa don rage yawan rashin isasshen sanyaya da tsawaita rayuwar sabis na kayan aiki.

3.1 Ka'idodin Amfani da Kullum: Mahimman Ayyuka 3

① Mitar buɗe kofa da tsawon lokaci: Iyakance buɗe kofa zuwa ≤30 sau a rana da lokacin buɗewa guda ɗaya zuwa ≤30 seconds; aika masu tuni “dawowa cikin gaggawa” kusa da injin daskarewa; ② Ma'ajiyar kayan aiki mai dacewa: Bi ka'idar "abubuwa masu haske a saman, abubuwa masu nauyi a ƙasa; Ƙananan abubuwa a gaba, fiye da baya," ajiye kayan aiki ≥10cm nesa da kantunan iska don kauce wa toshe iska mai sanyi; ③ Kula da zafin jiki na yanayi: Sanya injin daskarewa a cikin wuri mai iska mai kyau tare da yanayin zafi ≤25 ℃, nesa da tushen zafi (misali, tanda, dumama), kuma kula da nisa na ≥20cm tsakanin injin daskarewa baya da bango.

3.2 Tsarin Kulawa na yau da kullun: Lissafi na Kwata/Na shekara

Ƙwararrun sayayya za su iya haɓaka lissafin kulawa da kuma ba da ma'aikatan aiki da kulawa don aiwatar da shi, tare da tabbatar da cewa ba a rasa wasu mahimman matakai ba:

4. Rigakafin Siyayya: Gujewa Rashin isassun Haɗarin sanyaya Lokacin Zaɓan Mataki

Lokacin siyan sabbin injin daskarewa na kasuwanci, ƙwararrun saye za su iya mai da hankali kan mahimman sigogi 3 don guje wa rashin isasshen sanyaya daga tushen kuma rage farashin canji na gaba.

4.1 Zaɓi Saitunan Sanyaya Dangane da "Ƙarfin + Aikace-aikacen"

① Ƙananan ƙarfi (≤800L, misali, shaguna masu dacewa): Zaɓin "mai fitar da iska ɗaya + magoya bayan dual" don daidaita farashi da daidaituwa; ② Matsakaici zuwa babban ƙarfin (≥1000L, misali, cin abinci / manyan kantunan): Dole ne zaɓi "dual evaporators + dual circuits" don tabbatar da ikon sanyaya da sarrafa bambancin zafin jiki; ③ Aikace-aikace na musamman (misali, daskarewa na likita, ajiyar ice cream): Ƙarin buƙatu don "aikin ramuwa mai ƙarancin zafi" (yana kunna dumama ta atomatik lokacin zafin yanayi ≤0℃ don hana rufewar kwampreso).

4.2 Ma'auni na Ƙaƙwalwar Ƙa'idar: 3 Manubai Dole-Duba

① Evaporator: Gabatar da "aluminum tube fin evaporators" (15% mafi girma zafi dissipation yadda ya dace fiye da jan karfe shambura) tare da wani yanki taron "≥0.8㎡ for 1000L iya aiki"; ② Compressor: Zaɓi "masu kwamfutoci na gungurawa na hermetic" (misali, jerin Danfoss SC) tare da ƙarfin sanyaya wanda ya dace da injin daskarewa (≥1200W ƙarfin sanyaya don 1000L injin daskarewa); ③ Refrigerant: Ba da fifiko ga R600a-friendly (ƙimar ODP = 0, saduwa da ƙa'idodin muhalli na EU); guje wa siyan tsofaffin samfura ta amfani da R22 (an cirewa a hankali).

4.3 Ba da fifiko ga Samfura tare da Ayyukan “Gagaɗi na Farko na Hankali”.

Lokacin siye, buƙatar kayan aiki tare da: ① Gargadi na anomaly zafin jiki (ƙarararrawar sauti da gani lokacin da zafin jiki na majalisar ya wuce ƙimar da aka saita ta 3℃); ② Laifin gano kansa (allon nuni yana nuna lambobin kamar "E1″ don gazawar evaporator, “E2″ don gazawar kwampreso); ③ Saka idanu mai nisa (duba zafin jiki da yanayin aiki ta hanyar APP). Kodayake irin waɗannan samfuran suna da 5% -10% mafi girman farashin sayayya, suna rage 90% na matsalolin sanyi kwatsam da ƙarancin aiki da farashin kulawa.

A taƙaice, warware rashin isasshen sanyaya a cikin injin daskarewa na kasuwanci yana buƙatar tsarin “uku cikin-ɗaya”: ganewar asali, mafita, da rigakafi. Masu sana'a na siye ya kamata su fara gano tushen tushen ta hanyar bayyanar cututtuka, sannan zaɓi "haɓaka haɓakawa na evaporator guda biyu," "gyare-gyaren sassa," ko "gyara na fasaha" bisa ga ƙarfin kayan aiki da rayuwar sabis, kuma a ƙarshe cimma kwanciyar hankali da kuma inganta farashi ta hanyar daidaitaccen kulawa da zaɓi na rigakafi. Ana ba da shawarar ba da fifikon hanyoyin samar da ingantattun farashi na dogon lokaci kamar masu fitar da ruwa biyu don guje wa babban asarar aiki daga tanadin farashi na ɗan gajeren lokaci.