I roto i ngā tekau tau kua pahure ake nei, kua noho ngā pouaka whakamātao hei taputapu matua o te mākete, ā, he mea nui tēnei i roto i te pouaka whakamātao kai. Nā te tere haere o te noho tāone, ngā panonitanga o ngā wāhi noho, me te whakapai ake i ngā ariā kai,ngā pouaka whakamātao iti, ngā pouaka whakamātao poutū angiangi, mengā pouaka whakamātao kuaha karāhekua whakamahia whānuitia i roto i ngā horopaki rerekē, ā, kua noho hei momo āwangawanga nui e toru i te mākete hokohoko o te ao.
Ngā pouaka whakamātao iti: Ngā whakatutukitanga nui i roto i ngā wāhi iti
Ko te nuinga o te wā, he iti iho i te 100 rita te kaha o ēnei taputapu whakamatao kiato, ā, kotahi hautoru noa iho o te rohe o ngā tauira tuku iho e nohoia ana, heoi, ka taea e rātou te whakatutuki tika i ngā hiahia whakamatao o ngā āhuatanga motuhake. E whakaatu ana ngā raraunga mākete i eke te rahi o te mākete o te ao mō ngā taputapu whakamatao kawe ki te 1.39 piriona yuan i te tau 2024, ā, e matapaetia ana ka piki ki te 1.87 piriona yuan i te tau 2031, me te tere tipu ā-tau o te 3.8%, e whakaata ana i te hiahia tonu o ngā kaihoko mō ngā otinga whakamatao ngāwari.
Mō ngā āhuatanga tono, i roto i ngā whare noho o ngā whare wānanga me ngā taiao tari, ka whakaratohia e rātou he otinga rokiroki mō ngā ākonga me ngā kaimahi tari, kia kore ai e raruraru te haereere ki ngā wāhi tūmatanui. Mō ngā kaiwhaiwhai puni me ngā kaimahi o waho, kua noho ko ngā tauira e hototahi ana ki ngā pūtake hiko waka 12V hei taputapu nui, e taea ai te pupuri i te kai kia hou i roto i ngā taiao kāore he hiko matua.
Nā te auahatanga hangarau, kua tutuki i ēnei taputapu ngā whanaketanga mahi. Mā te whakamahi i ngā pūnaha whakamatao hiko wera whai hua, ka tere ake te whakamatao o ngā pouaka whakamātao iti i te 40% i ērā o ngā tauira tuku iho, ā, ka whakaitihia te whakapaunga pūngao mā te 25%. Ko te tikanga, kāore e taea te wehe i tēnei mai i ngā whanaketanga hangarau o ngā kaiwhakarato o runga i ngā wāhanga matua pērā i ngā compressors moroiti me ngā rauemi whakamahana wera. Ko tā rātou mana whakahaere i ngā tukanga hanga tika te whakatau tika i te rohe o runga o te mahi hua. Hei tāpiri, ko te whakamahinga o ngā rauemi mama (ko ētahi tauira he iti iho i te 10 kirokaramu te taumaha) me ngā hoahoa kakau kawe ka whakarei ake i ō rātou painga nekenekehanga.
Ngā pouaka whakamātao poutū angiangi: He kōwhiringa whakaaro nui mō te whakapai ake i te wāhi
I te whanaketanga me ngā panonitanga o te ōhanga tāone, kei te piki haere te maha o ngā taonga kei roto i ngā toa hokohoko, i ngā hūpāmakete, me ērā atu mea, ā, he mea tino nui te whakatakotoranga o te wāhi. Nō reira, he nui te hiahia mō ngā taputapu whakamatao kiato, ā, kua puta ake ngā pouaka whakamātao poutū angiangi i te wā e hiahiatia ana. Ko te whānui o ēnei he 20-24 inihi (tata ki te 50-60 henimita) me te hohonu o te 24-28 inihi (tata ki te 60-70 henimita), engari ka taea e te kaha te eke ki te 10-15 putu kūpiko (tata ki te 280-425 rita), he taurite pai i waenga i te noho o te wāhi me te kaha rokiroki. Ki te whakatauritea ki te whānui o te 30-36 inihi o ngā tauira paerewa, he nui te wāhi e penapenahia ana hei waihanga i ngā wāhi mahi whai hua.
Mō te arotau i ngā taipitopito, mā te hoahoa tatau whaiti ka taea te uru atu ki ngā taonga o roto ina whakatuwheratia noa te tatau 90 nekehanga, ka whakatau i te raruraru e uaua ana te whakatuwhera i ngā tatau pouaka whakamātao tuku iho i ngā wāhi iti. Ka taea te whakarite ngāwari i ngā whata karāhe kua whakapakeketia kia rite ki te teitei o ngā taonga, ā, mā ngā ārai motuhake pērā i ngā whata inu me ngā pouaka pupuri hou, ka tutuki te whakamahinga pai o te wāhi iti.
E ai ki ngā rangahau mākete, he nui te whakamahinga o ngā taputapu i roto i te mākete Haina. I eke te rahi o ngā taputapu pouaka whakamātao ki te 146 piriona yuan i te tau 2025, he pikinga tau-ki-te-tau o te 13.5%, ā, i roto i ēnei ko ngā tauira angiangi me te penapena hiko he wāhanga nui. Kua whakarewahia hoki e ngā waitohu pēnei i a Nenwell ngā pouaka whakamātao taha "angiangi rawa", e pēhia ana ki te 30 cm te matotoru, ā, ka taea te whakauru pai ki ngā wāhi iti hei whakatutuki i te whai a ngā kaihoko ki te ataahua whakauru. Ehara i te mea ka arotau noa ēnei pouaka whakamātao i te rahi engari ka whakauruhia hoki ngā mahi matatau pēnei i te whakahaere pāmahana tika, te pupuri makuku, me te tiaki i te hou. Ka tāpirihia hoki e ētahi tauira ngā rohe whakarerekē pāmahana motuhake, ka taea te whakarerekē ngāwari i te taiao rokiroki kia rite ki te momo kai.
Pouaka whakamātao kuaha karāhe: He whakakotahitanga tino pai o te mahi me te ataahua
Ko te pāmahana o ngā pouaka whakamātao kuaha karāhe he 2-8℃ te nuinga, ā, he momo kuaha kotahi, kuaha rua, kuaha toru, me ngā kuaha maha. Ko te āhua o ēnei taputapu he kuaha karāhe mārama, he mea e pakaru ana i te āhua tirohanga kati o ngā tauira tuku iho, ā, he mea whakamahi pinepine i roto i ngā hūpāmakete.
Ko ngā pouaka whakamātao hou e whakamahi ana i te karāhe āputaputa e toru-paparanga me te hangarau paninga Low-E, e whakaiti ana i te ngaronga o te hauhautanga me te pūngao, me te whakarite hoki i te pānga tirohanga. Ka whai hua tēnei putanga hou mai i te mahi tahi hōhonu i waenga i ngā kaiwhakarato karāhe me ngā tīma hangarau pouaka whakamātao, e whakataurite ana i te rerekētanga i waenga i te tuku māramatanga me te whakamarumaru wera mā te arotau i te tauira rauemi me te whakapai ake i te hoahoa hanganga.
Mā te paninga ārai-kohu ka noho mārama tonu te tatau ina huri te pāmahana, ka taea e ngā kaiwhakamahi te mōhio ki te wāhi rokiroki o roto me te kore e whakatuwhera i te tatau, he mea watea, he mea penapena hiko hoki. Ko te whakatakotoranga matatini o ngā rīpene rama LED o roto, ehara i te mea ka whakapai ake i te pānga rama engari ka hangaia hoki he āhuarangi tirohanga mahana, ka puta he kakano hou o ngā kai pērā i te wāhi kai hou o te hūpermakete.
I roto i ngā toa hokohoko pukumahi, he maha ngā wā ka whakamahia ngā tauira tatau karāhe iti hei kāpata inu hei whakaatu i ngā waina me ngā inu kua kohia. Hei tauira, ka whakamahia e ngā whare kawhe me ngā toa hokohoko hei whakaatu i ngā kai reka me ngā kai māmā, he mea whakamātao, he mea whakaatu hoki. Ka taea hoki e ngā tauira atamai te whakatutuki i ngā mahi pēnei i te whakatikatika pāmahana me te whakahaere kai mā te papa pā i runga i te tatau karāhe, i te taupānga pūkoro rānei. Ko ētahi hua ka whakauruhia he hangarau mōhio kai, ka taea te tuhi aunoa i te wā rokiroki me te whakamahara i te rā paunga.
Ngā au o te ao hangarau taputapu whakamatao ā muri ake nei: Te mātauranga, te tiaki pūngao, me te mahi tahi me te mekameka tuku
Ko te whanaketanga o ngā momo pouaka whakamātao matua e toru e whakaata ana i te ahunga whanaketanga o te umanga katoa, ā, he mahi nui tā ngā kaiwhakarato i roto i tēnei tukanga. Ko te pumau o te mekameka tuku o mua e pā tika ana ki te tuku mākete me te whakahaere utu o ngā hua. Ina koa i roto i te horopaki o ngā utu rauemi mata e rerekē haere ana, ka taea e te pūnaha mahi tahi me ngā kaha hoko nui me ngā hongere tuku kanorau te whakaiti i te pānga o ngā huringa mākete ki ngā hua whakamutunga.
Kua noho te whakapai tonu i te mahi penapena pūngao hei ia o te ao whānui. I roto i te mākete taputapu whakamatao penapena pūngao o Haina i te tau 2025, kua neke atu i te 70% te tere tono o te hangarau hurihanga auau, neke atu i te 30% te pai ake o te pūngao i ngā hua auau-pūmau tuku iho. Kāore e taea te wehe i tēnei whakatutukitanga mai i te haumi R&D a ngā kaiwhakarato i roto i ngā mara matua pēnei i ngā pūwhakakoi hurihanga auau me ngā wāhanga whakamarara wera tino pai. Ko te tere o tā rātou whakahoutanga hangarau te mea tika hei whakatau i te tere o te whakapai ake i te penapena pūngao o ngā hua katoa. Ko te rongonui o ngā whakamatao e pai ana ki te taiao (pēnei i ngā wai mahi taiao pēnei i te R600a) me te auahatanga o ngā rauemi whakamahana wera kua whakaiti ake i te pānga taiao o aua taputapu, e rite ana ki te ia o te whanaketanga waro-iti o te ao. I roto i tēnei tukanga, he mea nui te ariā whakaputa matomato a ngā kaiwhakarato. Mai i te kōwhiringa o ngā rauemi mata ki te arotau i ngā tukanga whakaputa, kua noho te mana tiaki taiao mekameka katoa hei paearu nui mā ngā kaipupuri waitohu ki te whiriwhiri hoa.
E matapaetia ana ka eke te rahi o te mākete mō ngā tauira penapena pūngao ki te 189 piriona yuan i te tau 2030, me te tere tipu ā-tau o te 6.8%, e whakaatu ana i te pānga nui o te ariā o te whanaketanga tauwhiro ki ngā kōwhiringa kai.
Kei te whakahou ake ngā mahi atamai i te wheako o te kaiwhakamahi. Ā tōna wā, ka noho hei pūnga nui rātou i roto i te pūnaha kāinga atamai. Mā te hangarau IoT, ka taea e rātou te hono atu ki ngā tono hoko kai hei whakaputa rārangi me te whakamahara aunoa i ngā kaiwhakamahi ki te whakakī anō i ngā kai e ai ki te kai e kainga ana. Ka taea e ngā rauropi AI te ako i ngā tikanga kai a ngā kaiwhakamahi, te arotau i ngā rautaki whakamātao, me te whakarato whakaaro tunu kai. Ko te whakatinanatanga o ēnei mahi e whakawhirinaki ana ki te auahatanga mahi tahi a ngā kaiwhakarato maramara, ngā kaiwhakarato ratonga pūmanawa, me ngā kaihanga taputapu. Ko te urutau hangarau o ngā hononga katoa i roto i te mekameka tuku ka pā tika ki te pānga whakatinanatanga o ngā mahi atamai. I tēnei wā, kua tīmata te whakamahi i ēnei mahi ki ngā tauira teitei, ā, ka uru mārire ki te mākete matua, ka huri i te huarahi e taunekeneke ai te tangata me te kai.
E whakaatu ana ngā raraunga ko te wahanga o te mākete pouaka whakamātao i ngā mākete o Ūropi me Amerika e matapaetia ana ka piki ake mai i te 15% i te tau 2025 ki te 25% i te tau 2030. Kua noho hei momo auaha ngā hoahoa ritenga mō ngā momo āhua noho rerekē: ko ngā mahi auaha pēnei i ngā wāhi rokiroki motuhake mō ngā kai pūmua nui i hangaia mō te hunga hauora, ngā mahi whakapūkara paraoa kua pai ake mō te hunga e hiahia ana ki te tunu kai, me ngā wāhanga motuhake mō te pupuri kai mōkai mō ngā whānau mōkai me whakarato e ngā kaiwhakarato ngā otinga wāhanga kua tohua ake, pēnei i ngā pūoko ritenga me ngā rauemi pupuri kai mōkai motuhake. Mā tēnei tauira mekameka tuku ritenga i runga i te tono ka taea e aua taputapu te whakatutuki i ngā hiahia motuhake me te tika ake.
Nā te aranga ake o ngā hongere ipurangi kua huri i ngā tauira hokohoko hou, ā, kua whakatakotohia ngā whakaritenga teitei ake mō te tere urupare o te mekameka tuku. Kua eke te ōwehenga o ngā kaweake hokohoko ipurangi ki te 45%, ā, e matapaetia ana ka piki ake ki te 60% i te tau 2030. Kua tino hira te kaha mahi tahi mamati i waenga i ngā kaiwhakarato me ngā kaipupuri waitohu. Mā te tohatoha raraunga hoko me ngā mōhiohio rarangi taonga, ka tutuki te whakaputa ngāwari, ka hanga he huringa pai o te "tono a te kaiwhakamahi - auahatanga - manatoko mākete".
I te wā e whiriwhiri ana i ngā taputapu whakamatao e tika ana, ehara i te mea ko te kaha me ngā ratonga anake te mea e aro nui ana te tangata, engari ko te āheinga hoki ki te urutau ki ngā momo āhua noho. Ko tēnei panonitanga o ngā ariā kai kei te whakatairanga i te ahumahi katoa kia whanake ki te huarahi e aro nui atu ai ki te wheako kaiwhakamahi me te whanaketanga pumau, ā, kei te akiaki hoki i ngā hononga katoa o te mekameka tuku ki te hanga hononga mahi tahi tata atu.
Te wā tuku: Hepetema-10-2025 Ngā tirohanga: