I ngā tau tata nei, kei te pāngia te umanga taputapu pouaka whakamātao arumoni o te ao e ngā panonitanga hōhonu i roto i ngā ariā hangarau me te hoahoa. I te whakatairanga i ngā whāinga kore waro me te kanorau o ngā tono a te mākete kaihoko, kei te neke haere te hoahoa pouaka tio mai i te aronga mahi kotahi ki tētahi tauira whānui e aro ana ki te whai huatanga teitei, te penapena pūngao, te whakaurunga atamai, me te wheako kaiwhakamahi.
E ai ki ngā tatauranga mai i te International Energy Agency (IEA), i te tau 2020, ko te whakapaunga hiko o ngā taputapu whakamatao o te ao e 10% te nui, ā, nā tēnei i akiaki te umanga ki te tere ake te rangahau me te whakawhanake i ngā whakamatao iti-GWP (te pūmanawa whakamahana ao) me ngā hangarau pūngao auau rerekē.
I taua wā anō, ko te pikinga ake o te hokohoko ipurangi me ngā āhuatanga hokohoko hou kua whakatairanga i te hoahoa pouaka tio kia aro nui atu ki te whakamahinga o te wāhi me te urutau ki ngā tirohanga. Hei tauira, he mea nui te tipu o ngā kāwai wāhanga pēnei i ngā pouaka tio maha-mahana o ngā toa watea me ngā kāpata hokohoko kore tangata. E matapaetia ana e te umanga rangahau mākete a Technavio ka piki ake te rahi o te mākete taputapu pouaka whakamātao arumoni o te ao mā te 12.6% mai i te tau 2023 ki te 2027, ā, ko te tono i te rohe o Āhia-Moana-nui-a-Kiwa neke atu i te 40%, ka noho ko te miihini tipu matua.
E toru ngā āhuatanga matua o te hoahoa pouaka tio arumoni o nāianei:
1. Whakapai ake i te mahi tiaki taiao
Kei te piki haere te ōwehenga o ngā pouaka tio e whakamahi ana i ngā hauhautanga taiao (pēnei i te R290, CO₂) i ia tau. Nā te whakakaha o ngā ture Hau-F a te EU i tere ake ai te rongonui o te hangarau hauhautanga hauwai. Hei tāpiri, kua neke te rauemi paparanga pahuka mai i te HCFC tuku iho ki ngā otinga kawenga taiao iti pēnei i te cyclopentane, ā, kua piki ake te mahi whakamahana mā te 15%-20%.
2. Te pakari me te ngāwari o te tiaki
He hoahoa pōrohe te hanganga o te kāpata. Ko ngā arai o roto he kowiri tira, he paninga ārai-waikura me ngā panera huakita kua noho hei whirihoranga paerewa. Kua whakarewahia e ētahi waitohu he pūtāhui 10-tau hei whakapakari i te tapanga pakari.
3. Āhua huatau
He whānuitia te whakamahinga o ngā āhuatanga pēnei i te kakano whakarewa matte, ngā tatau karāhe piko, me ngā rīpene rama LED kua whakauruhia. Kei roto hoki i ngā tauira papai ngā panera kiriata tae ka taea te whakarite kia tutuki ai ngā hiahia tirohanga o ngā whakaaturanga pēnei i ngā whare kawhe me ngā hūpāmakete iti.
Te ahunga whakamua i te tau 2026 – te hōhonutanga o te mātauranga me te pumau
Hei te tau 2026, ka aro te hoahoa o ngā pouaka tio arumoni ki te AIoT (Artificial Intelligence Internet of Things) me te huringa ora katoa o te whakapūngao waro iti:
Pūnaha whakahaere pāmahana atamai: Mā roto i ngā pūoko hei aroturuki i ngā taonga me te whakapaunga pūngao i te wā tūturu, me te whakakotahitanga me ngā rauropi AI hei whakarerekē i te aratau whakahaere, e tika ana kia whakaitihia te whakapaunga pūngao mā te 20%-30%;
Te ōhanga porowhita rauemi: Ka noho ko te hoahoa hanganga wetewete, ngā kāpata kirihou e ahu mai ana i te koiora me te whakamahinga o ngā kaihoko pahuka hangarua hei kaupapa matua. Ka tūhuratia e ētahi umanga te tauira "reti hei utu mō te hoko" hei whakaroa i te roa o te mahi a ngā taputapu;
Whakaritenga tirohanga: Mō ngā hiahia hou pēnei i ngā rihi kua oti te hanga me ngā mekameka makariri rongoā, whakawhanakehia he pouaka tio maha-mahi me te whakahaere takirua o te pāmahana me te haumākū me te whakahaere motuhake maha-rohe.
Ngā Whakatūpato:
Mōrearea tutuki i ngā whakaritenga mō te whai huatanga o te pūngao: Kei te whakahoutia tonutia ngā paerewa whai huatanga o te pūngao i roto i ngā whenua maha (pēnei i te US Energy Star me te paerewa o Haina i te UK). Me aro nui ki ngā tawhā pēnei i te COP (tauwehenga mahi) me te APF (ōwehenga whai huatanga o te pūngao ā-tau);
Ngā arai ture tiaki taiao: Tērā pea ka whakatakoto utu te tari waro o te EU (CBAM) mō ngā taputapu whakamatao waro-rahi. Me whakamahere wawe te mekameka tuku i ngā otinga rerekē waro-iti;
Ngā āwangawanga o te kaiwhakamahi: Ko ngā taipitopito pēnei i te whakahaere haruru (me iti iho i te 45dB) me te ātete o ngā hiri tatau ka pā ki ngā whakataunga hokohoko o te taunga.
I ngā rā kei te heke mai, me aro nui ki te taurite i waenga i te utu haumi me ngā painga penapena pūngao mō te wā roa. Ko te utu o ngā tauira whai hua nui he 30%-50% teitei ake i ērā o ngā tauira tuku iho. He mea tika kia whakatenatenahia ngā kiritaki mā te tātari utu huringa ora. I taua wā anō, kua whakaohokia ngā kōrero a te umanga e te mātauranga me te haumarutanga raraunga. Ko te mana o ngā raraunga whakahaere pāmahana o ngā pouaka tio whatunga me te tiakitanga tūmataiti.
Te wā tuku: Paenga-whāwhā-10-2025 Ngā tirohanga: