1c022983

2025 Onetsani Firiji Kutumiza China Air vs Mitengo ya Nyanja

Mukatumiza ziwonetsero zokhala ndi firiji (kapena zowonetsera) kuchokera ku China kupita kumisika yapadziko lonse lapansi, kusankha pakati pa katundu wapamlengalenga ndi panyanja zimatengera mtengo, nthawi, ndi kukula kwa katundu. Mu 2025, ndi malamulo atsopano a chilengedwe a IMO komanso kusinthasintha kwamitengo yamafuta, kumvetsetsa zamitengo yaposachedwa ndi momwe zinthu zilili ndikofunikira kwa mabizinesi. Bukuli limaphwanya mitengo ya 2025, zochulukira zamayendedwe, ndi maupangiri akatswiri a komwe akupita.

zoyendera ndegemayendedwe apanyanja

Mitengo yeniyeni kuchokera ku China kupita kumadera osiyanasiyana padziko lonse lapansi pansipa:

1. China kupita ku United States

(1) Zonyamula Pandege

Mitengo: $4.25–$5.39 pa kg (100kg+). Nyengo yapamwamba (Nov-Dec) imawonjezera $1–$2/kg chifukwa cha kuchepa kwa mphamvu.

Nthawi Yoyenda: 3-5 masiku (Shanghai/Los Angeles ndege mwachindunji).

Zabwino Kwambiri: Kulamula mwachangu (mwachitsanzo, kutsegulira malo odyera) kapena magulu ang'onoang'ono (≤5 mayunitsi).

(2) Zonyamula Panyanja (Zotengera za Reefer)

20ft Reefer: $2,000–$4,000 kupita ku Los Angeles; $3,000–$5,000 kupita ku New York.

40ft High Cube Reefer: $3,000–$5,000 kupita ku Los Angeles; $4,000–$6,000 kupita ku New York.

Zowonjezera: Ndalama zolipirira firiji ($1,500–$2,500/chotengera) + Ndalama yolowera ku US (9% ya HS code 8418500000).

Nthawi Yoyenda: 18-25 masiku (West Coast); 25-35 masiku (East Coast).

Zabwino Kwambiri: Maoda ambiri (mayunitsi 10+) okhala ndi nthawi yosinthika.

2. China kupita ku Ulaya

Zonyamula Ndege

Mitengo: $4.25–$4.59 pa kg (100kg+). Njira za Frankfurt/Paris ndizokhazikika kwambiri.

Nthawi Yoyenda: Masiku 4-7 (ndege za Guangzhou/Amsterdam mwachindunji).

Zindikirani: EU ETS (Emissions Trading System) imawonjezera ~€5/tani m'malipiro owonjezera a kaboni.

Zonyamula Panyanja (zotengera za Reefer)

20ft Reefer: $1,920–$3,500 ku Hamburg (Kumpoto kwa Ulaya); $3,500–$5,000 kupita ku Barcelona (Mediterranean).

40ft High Cube Reefer: $3,200–$5,000 kupita ku Hamburg; $5,000–$7,000 kupita ku Barcelona.

Zowonjezera: Mafuta a sulfure otsika (LSS: $ 140 / chotengera) chifukwa cha malamulo a IMO 2025.

Nthawi Yoyendayenda: masiku 28-35 (Kumpoto kwa Ulaya); 32-40 masiku (Mediterranean).

3. China kupita ku Southeast Asia

Zonyamula Ndege

Mitengo: $2–$3 pa kg (100kg+). Zitsanzo: China→Vietnam ($2.1/kg); China→Thailand ($2.8/kg).

Nthawi Yoyenda: Masiku 1-3 (ndege zachigawo).

Zonyamula Panyanja (zotengera za Reefer)

20ft Reefer: $800–$1,500 kupita ku Ho Chi Minh City (Vietnam); $1,200–$1,800 kupita ku Bangkok (Thailand).

Nthawi Yoyendayenda: Masiku 5-10 (njira zachidule).

4. China kupita ku Africa

Zonyamula Ndege

Mitengo: $5–$7 pa kg (100kg+). Zitsanzo: China→Nigeria ($6.5/kg); China→South Africa ($5.2/kg).

Zovuta: Kusokonekera kwa doko la Lagos kumawonjezera $300–$500 pamalipiro ochedwa.

Zonyamula Panyanja (zotengera za Reefer)

20ft Reefer: $3,500–$4,500 ku Lagos (Nigeria); $3,200–$4,000 kupita ku Durban (South Africa).

Nthawi Yoyenda: Masiku 35-45.

Zinthu Zofunikira Zomwe Zikukhudza Mitengo ya 2025

1.Ndalama Zamafuta

Kukwera kwa 10% kwa mafuta a jet kumawonjezera katundu wa mpweya ndi 5-8%; Mafuta a m'nyanja amakhudza kuchuluka kwa mafuta a m'nyanja, koma njira za sulfure zotsika zimawononga 30%.

2.Nyengo

Kukwera kwa katundu wa ndege pa Q4 (Black Friday, Khrisimasi); kukwera kwa katundu wapanyanja chisanafike Chaka Chatsopano cha China (Jan-Feb).

3.Malamulo

EU CBAM (Carbon Border Adjustment Mechanism) ndi mitengo yachitsulo ya US (mpaka 50%) imawonjezera 5-10% kumitengo yonse.

4.Zokhudza Katundu

Ziwonetsero zokhala mufiriji zimafuna kutumiza zoyendetsedwa ndi kutentha (0–10°C). Kusatsatira kumayika pachiwopsezo cha $200+/ola.

Malangizo Akatswiri Opulumutsa Mtengo

(1) Gwirizanitsani Zotumiza:

Pamaoda ang'onoang'ono (mayunitsi 2-5), gwiritsani ntchito katundu wapanyanja LCL (Yochepa ndi Container Load) kuti muchepetse mtengo ndi 30%.

(2) Konzani Kupaka

Gwirani zitseko zagalasi / mafelemu kuti muchepetse voliyumu - sungani 15-20% pa katundu wamlengalenga (yolipiritsidwa ndi kulemera kwa voliyumu: kutalika × m'lifupi × kutalika / 6000).

(3) Kuthekera kwa Mabuku

Malo osungiramo nyanja/mpweya amalota kwa masabata 4-6 pasadakhale nyengo zomwe zimakonda kwambiri kuti mupewe kukwera mtengo.

(4) Inshuwaransi

Onjezani "kutentha kwapang'onopang'ono" (0.2% ya mtengo wa katundu) kuti muteteze ku kuwonongeka kapena kuwonongeka kwa zipangizo.

FAQ: Kutumiza Ziwonetsero Zafiriji kuchokera ku China

Q: Ndi zikalata ziti zomwe zimafunikira pa kasitomu?

A: Invoice yamalonda, mndandanda wazolongedza, satifiketi ya CE/UL (ya EU/US), ndi chipika cha kutentha (chofunikira pa ma reefers).

Q: Kodi mungasamalire bwanji zinthu zowonongeka?

A: Yang'anani katundu pamadoko otulutsa ndikulemba chikalata mkati mwa masiku atatu (mpweya) kapena masiku 7 (nyanja) ndi zithunzi zowonongeka.

Q: Kodi zonyamula njanji ndi njira yaku Europe?

A: Inde—China→Njanji ya ku Ulaya imatenga masiku 18–22, ndi mitengo ~30% yotsika kuposa mpweya koma 50% pamwamba kuposa nyanja.

M'chaka cha 2025, katundu wapanyanja akadali wotsika mtengo kwambiri potumiza zinthu zambiri zamafiriji (kupulumutsa 60% + poyerekeza ndi mpweya), pomwe zonyamula ndege zimayenera kuyitanitsa mwachangu, kagulu kakang'ono. Gwiritsani ntchito bukhuli kuti mufananize njira, kuchuluka kwa zolipiritsa, ndikukonzekera zamtsogolo kuti mupewe kuchedwera kwa nyengo yayikulu.


Nthawi yotumiza: Aug-05-2025 Maonedwe: