Mu ndalama zogwirira ntchito m'masitolo akuluakulu ndi m'masitolo akuluakulu, mupeza kuti mphamvu zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito pa zipangizo zoziziritsira zimakhala zokwana 35%-40%. Monga chipangizo chachikulu chomwe chimagwiritsidwa ntchito pafupipafupi, mphamvu zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito komanso momwe makabati owonetsera zakumwa amagulitsira zimakhudza mwachindunji phindu la malo osungiramo zakumwa. "2024 Global Commercial Refrigeration Equipment Energy Efficiency Report" ikuwonetsa kuti mphamvu zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito pachaka zamakabati owonetsera zakumwa zimafika pa 1,800 kWh, pomwe makabati owonetsera zitseko zagalasi okhala ndi ukadaulo watsopano wosunga mphamvu amatha kuchepetsa mphamvu zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito ndi zoposa 30%. Kudzera mu kuyesa makabati oposa khumi ndi awiri, tapeza kuti kapangidwe ka zowonetsera zasayansi kangawonjezere kwambiri malonda a zakumwa ndi 25%-30%.
I. Kupita patsogolo kwakukulu kwa ukadaulo pochepetsa kugwiritsa ntchito mphamvu ndi 30%
Kawirikawiri, kuchepetsa kugwiritsa ntchito mphamvu kumafuna kuthetsa mavuto ogwiritsira ntchito mphamvu mwa kuphatikiza kukweza makina, kukonza makina oziziritsa ndi ukadaulo wina waukulu. Pakadali pano, ndi kukwera kwaukadaulo, kuchepetsa kugwiritsa ntchito mphamvu ndi 30% kumabweretsa mavuto ena!
Kusintha kwa makina otsekeraKusintha kwa khalidwe kuchokera ku "kutuluka kozizira" kupita ku "kutseka kozizira"
Chiŵerengero cha tsiku ndi tsiku cha makabati a zakumwa otseguka otseguka chimafika pa 25%, pomwe makabati amakono owonetsera zitseko zagalasi amafika pamlingo wapamwamba kwambiri kudzera muukadaulo wotseka katatu:
1. Galasi lopangidwa ndi nano-coated
Galasi lotsika kwambiri (Low-E) lomwe linapangidwa ndi kampani ya ku Germany ya Schott limatha kuletsa 90% ya kuwala kwa ultraviolet ndi 70% ya kuwala kwa infrared pa makulidwe a 2mm. Ndi mpweya wa argon wodzazidwa mu hollow layer, heat transfer coefficient (U value) imachepetsedwa kufika pa 1.2W/(m²·K), kuchepetsa kwa 40% poyerekeza ndi galasi wamba. Deta yoyezedwa ya supermarket inayake ikuwonetsa kuti pa kabati yowonetsera pogwiritsa ntchito galasi ili, pamalo otentha a chipinda cha 35°C, kutentha komwe kumakhala mkati mwa kabati kumachepetsedwa kuchoka pa ±3°C mpaka ±1°C, ndipo pafupipafupi ya compressor yoyambira imachepetsedwa ndi 35%.
2. Mzere wa rabara wotsekera ndi maginito
Yopangidwa ndi zinthu za ethylene propylene diene monomer (EPDM) zomwe zimakhala ndi chakudya, pamodzi ndi kapangidwe ka maginito komwe kamayikidwa, kuthamanga kwa sealing kumafika pa 8N/cm, kuwonjezeka kwa 50% poyerekeza ndi zidutswa za rabara zachikhalidwe. Deta yochokera ku bungwe loyesa lachitatu ikuwonetsa kuti kukalamba kwa mtundu uwu wa raba pamalo otentha a -20°C mpaka 50°C kumawonjezeka mpaka zaka 8, ndipo kuchuluka kwa kuzizira kwa madzi kumachepetsedwa kuchoka pa 15% ya yankho lachikhalidwe kufika pa 4.7%.
3. Valavu yolimbitsa mpweya wothamanga
Chitseko chikatsegulidwa kapena kutsekedwa, sensa yomangidwa mkati mwake imasintha yokha kuthamanga kwa mpweya wamkati mwa kabati kuti ipewe kufalikira kwa mpweya wozizira chifukwa cha kusiyana kwa kuthamanga kwa mkati ndi kunja. Miyeso yeniyeni ikuwonetsa kuti kutayika kwa kuzizira panthawi yotsegula chitseko chimodzi kwatsika kuchoka pa 200 kJ kufika pa 80 kJ, zomwe zikufanana ndi kuchepetsa kwa 0.01 kWh ya magetsi omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito potsegula ndi kutseka chitseko chilichonse.
Kukonza makina a firiji: Mfundo yaikulu yowonjezerera chiŵerengero cha mphamvu zogwiritsira ntchito bwino ndi 45%
Malinga ndi deta ya China National Institute of Standardization, chiŵerengero cha mphamvu zogwiritsira ntchito bwino (EER) cha makabati atsopano owonetsera zakumwa zagalasi mu 2023 chikhoza kufika pa 3.2, kuwonjezeka kwa 45% poyerekeza ndi 2.2 mu 2018, makamaka chifukwa cha kusintha kwakukulu kwa ukadaulo katatu:
1. Chokometsera cha ma frequency osinthasintha
Pogwiritsa ntchito ukadaulo wa DC variable frequency wa makampani monga Nenwell ndi Panasonic, imatha kusintha liwiro la kuzungulira malinga ndi katundu. Munthawi zomwe magalimoto samayenda bwino (monga m'mawa kwambiri), mphamvu zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito ndi 30% yokha ya katundu wonse. Muyeso weniweni wa malo ogulitsira zinthu zotsika mtengo ukuwonetsa kuti mphamvu zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito tsiku ndi tsiku za mtundu wa variable frequency ndi 1.2 kWh, zomwe zimapulumutsa 33% poyerekeza ndi mtundu wa ma frequency okhazikika (1.8 kWh patsiku).
2. Chotenthetsera madzi chozungulira
Dera la evaporator ndi lalikulu ndi 20% kuposa njira yachikhalidwe. Ndi kukonza bwino kapangidwe ka zipsepse zamkati, mphamvu yosamutsa kutentha imawonjezeka ndi 25%. Deta yoyesera ya American Society of Heating, Refrigerating and Air-Conditioning Engineers (ASHRAE) ikuwonetsa kuti kapangidwe kameneka kamawongolera kutentha komwe kuli mkati mwa kabati kuyambira ±2°C mpaka ±0.8°C, kupewa kuyambitsa kwa compressor pafupipafupi chifukwa cha kutentha kwambiri komwe kumachitika m'deralo.
3. Dongosolo lanzeru losungunula
Kusungunula kwa makina kwachikhalidwe kumayamba katatu mpaka kanayi maola 24 aliwonse, nthawi iliyonse kumatenga mphindi 20 ndipo kumadya 0.3 kWh yamagetsi. Dongosolo latsopano lamagetsi losungunula limayesa kuchuluka kwa kusungunula pogwiritsa ntchito sensa ya chinyezi. Nthawi yosungunula ya tsiku ndi tsiku imachepetsedwa kufika nthawi 1 mpaka 2, ndipo kugwiritsa ntchito kamodzi kokha kumachepetsedwa kufika mphindi 10, zomwe zimapulumutsa magetsi opitilira 120 kWh pachaka.
II. Malamulo agolide a kapangidwe ka zowonetsera kuti awonjezere malonda ndi 25%
Kukweza malonda kumafuna malamulo ofunikira a kapangidwe, ndiko kuti, malamulo agolide ndi mayankho omwe amagwirizana ndi nthawi. Mapangidwe ndi mapulani osiyanasiyana amatha kusintha magwiridwe antchito bwino komanso kubweretsa chidziwitso chabwino kwa ogwiritsa ntchito. Anthu nthawi zonse akhala akuyang'ana kwambiri mfundo yakuti ogwiritsa ntchito azikhala osavuta kugwiritsa ntchito ndipo nthawi zonse amadutsa malire a malamulo kuti apange zodabwitsa zambiri.
(1) Kutsatsa kowoneka bwino: Kusintha kuchoka pa “kukhalapo” kupita ku “chilakolako chogula”
Malinga ndi chiphunzitso cha "zachuma cha maso" mumakampani ogulitsa, kuchuluka kwa zinthu zomwe zili pamtunda wa mamita 1.2 - 1.5 ndi katatu kuposa mashelufu apansi. Supermarket ina inayika gawo lapakati (mamita 1.3 - 1.4) la kabati yowonetsera zitseko zagalasi ngati "dera lowononga zinthu", kuyang'ana kwambiri kuwonetsa zakumwa zodziwika bwino pa intaneti ndi mtengo wa $1.2 - $2. Kuchuluka kwa malonda m'derali kumawerengera 45% ya zonse, kuwonjezeka kwa 22% poyerekeza ndi kusinthaku kusanachitike.
Kuchokera pamalingaliro a kapangidwe ka kuwala, kuwala koyera kofunda (3000K) kuli ndi mtundu wabwino kwambiri wokonzanso zinthu za mkaka ndi madzi, pomwe kuwala koyera kozizira (6500K) kumatha kuwonetsa bwino kuwonekera bwino kwa zakumwa zokhala ndi carbonated. Mtundu wina wa zakumwa womwe unayesedwa pamodzi ndi sitolo yayikulu ndipo unapeza kuti kukhazikitsa chingwe cha kuwala cha LED chopendekeka ndi 30° (illuminance 500lux) pamwamba pa mbali yamkati ya chitseko chagalasi kumatha kuwonjezera chidwi cha zinthu chimodzi ndi 35%, makamaka poyika zinthu zokhala ndi kunyezimira kwachitsulo pa thupi la botolo, ndipo kuwunikirako kumatha kukopa chidwi cha makasitomala omwe ali pamtunda wa mamita 5.
Chiwonetsero chosinthika: Pogwiritsa ntchito mashelufu osinthika (okhala ndi kutalika kwa wosanjikiza komwe kungaphatikizidwe momasuka kuyambira 5 - 15cm) ndi thireyi yopendekeka ndi 15°, chizindikiro cha thupi la botolo la chakumwa ndi mzere wowonekera zimapanga ngodya ya 90°. Deta ya Walmart ku China ikuwonetsa kuti kapangidwe kameneka kamachepetsa nthawi yosankha makasitomala kuchokera pa masekondi 8 mpaka masekondi atatu, ndipo chiwongola dzanja choguliranso chimawonjezeka ndi 18%.
(2) Kuwonetsera kochokera ku zochitika: Kukonzanso njira yopangira zisankho kwa ogula
1. Njira yophatikiza nthawi
Pa nthawi ya chakudya cham'mawa (7 - 9 koloko m'mawa), onetsani zakumwa zogwira ntchito + mkaka wosakaniza pa gawo loyamba la kabati yowonetsera. Pa nthawi ya nkhomaliro (11 - 13 koloko madzulo), limbikitsani zakumwa za tiyi + zakumwa zokhala ndi carbonated. Pa nthawi ya chakudya chamadzulo (17 - 19 koloko madzulo), yang'anani kwambiri pa madzi akumwa + yogurt. Pambuyo poti supermarket inayake ya m'deralo yakhazikitsa njira imeneyi, kuchuluka kwa malonda panthawi yomwe si nthawi yotanganidwa kunakwera ndi 28%, ndipo mtengo wapakati wa makasitomala unakwera kuchoka pa $1.6 yuan kufika pa $2.
2. Kuphatikiza ndi zochitika zotentha
Kuphatikiza ndi zochitika zotentha monga World Cup ndi zikondwerero za nyimbo, ikani mapositi amutu kunja kwa kabati yowonetsera ndikukhazikitsa malo "ofunika kukhala nawo kuti mukhale maso mochedwa" (zakumwa zamagetsi + madzi a electrolyte) mkati. Deta ikuwonetsa kuti mtundu uwu wa chiwonetsero chozikidwa pa zochitika zitha kuwonjezera kuchuluka kwa malonda a magulu ofanana ndi 40% - 60% panthawi ya chochitikacho.
3. Kuwonetsa kusiyana kwa mitengo
Onetsani zakumwa zoledzeretsa zomwe zimatumizidwa kunja (mtengo wa payunifolomu $2 – $2.7) pafupi ndi zakumwa zodziwika bwino zapakhomo (mtengo wa payunifolomu $0.6 – $1.1). Pogwiritsa ntchito kuyerekeza mitengo kuti muwonetse kugwiritsa ntchito bwino ndalama. Kuyesa kwa sitolo ina kukuwonetsa kuti njira imeneyi ikhoza kuwonjezera kuchuluka kwa malonda a zakumwa zoledzeretsa zomwe zimatumizidwa kunja ndi 30% pomwe kuchuluka kwa malonda a zakumwa zapakhomo kukwera ndi 15%.
III. Milandu yothandiza: Kuyambira "kutsimikizira deta" mpaka "kukula kwa phindu"
Malinga ndi deta ya Nenwell chaka chatha, kuchepetsa mtengo wa makabati owonetsera kungapangitse kuti phindu likhale lalikulu. Ndikofunikira kutsimikizira kudalirika kuchokera ku deta osati kudzera mu chiphunzitso, chifukwa izi zimabweretsa zoopsa zazikulu.
(1) 7-Eleven Japan: Njira yoyesera yowonjezerera kawiri kugwiritsa ntchito mphamvu ndi kugulitsa
Mu sitolo ya 7-Eleven ku Tokyo, atayambitsa mtundu watsopano wa kabati yowonetsera zakumwa pazitseko zagalasi mu 2023, zinthu zitatu zazikulu zidachitika:
1. Mphamvu yogwiritsira ntchito mphamvu
Kudzera mu makina osinthira ma frequency compressor + intelligent defrosting system, mphamvu yogwiritsidwa ntchito pachaka pa kabati iliyonse inachepetsedwa kuchoka pa 1,600 kWh kufika pa 1,120 kWh, kutsika kwa 30%, ndipo ndalama zosungira magetsi pachaka zinali pafupifupi 45,000 yen (zowerengedwa pa 0.4 yuan/kWh).
2. Kusanthula kukula kwa malonda
Pogwiritsa ntchito magetsi ozungulira 15° + magetsi amphamvu, kuchuluka kwa zakumwa zomwe zimagulitsidwa pamwezi mu kabati kunakwera kuchoka pa 800,000 yen kufika pa 1,000,000 yen, kuwonjezeka kwa 25%.
3. Kuyerekeza zomwe ogwiritsa ntchito akumana nazo
Kusintha kwa kutentha mkati mwa kabati kunachepetsedwa kufika pa ±1°C, kukhazikika kwa kukoma kwa chakumwa kunakwera, ndipo kuchuluka kwa madandaulo a makasitomala kunachepa ndi 60%.
(2) Yonghui Supermarket ku China: Khodi yochepetsera ndalama ndi magwiridwe antchito imawonjezeka kudzera mu kusintha kwa malo
Yonghui Supermarket inayesa dongosolo lokonzanso makabati owonetsera zitseko zagalasi m'masitolo ake ku Chongqing mu 2024. Njira zazikulu zomwe zingagwiritsidwe ntchito ndi izi:
1. Njira zoyezera kutentha kwambiri m'chilimwe
Poganizira kutentha kwambiri m'chilimwe mumzinda wamapiri (ndi kutentha kwapakati pa tsiku kopitirira 35°C), choyezera mpweya chinayikidwa pansi pa kabati yowonetsera, zomwe zinawonjezera mphamvu yoyendera mpweya wozizira ndi 20% ndikuchepetsa mphamvu ya compressor ndi 15%.
2. Chiwonetsero chapafupi
Malinga ndi zomwe anthu amakonda kugwiritsa ntchito m'chigawo chakumwera chakumadzulo, mtunda wa pashelefu unakulitsidwa kufika pa 12cm kuti ugwirizane ndi momwe mabotolo akuluakulu (oposa 1.5L) amawonetsera zakumwa. Chiŵerengero cha malonda cha gululi chinakwera kuchoka pa 18% kufika pa 25%.
3. Kuyang'anira ndi kusintha pogwiritsa ntchito IoT
Kudzera mu masensa a IoT, kuchuluka kwa malonda ndi mphamvu zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito mu kabati iliyonse zimawunikidwa nthawi yeniyeni. Pamene kuchuluka kwa malonda a chinthu chimodzi kuli kotsika kuposa malire kwa masiku atatu otsatizana, dongosololi limayambitsa kusintha kwa malo owonetsera, ndipo mphamvu yogulitsira katundu imawonjezeka ndi 30%.
Pambuyo pa kusinthaku, mphamvu ya malo ogwiritsira ntchito zakumwa pa mita imodzi m'masitolo oyesera idakwera kuchoka pa 12,000 yuan/㎡ kufika pa 15,000 yuan/㎡, mtengo wapakati wa ntchito pachaka pa kabati imodzi unatsika ndi 22%, ndipo nthawi yobwezera ndalama idafupikitsidwa kuchoka pa miyezi 24 kufika pa miyezi 16.
IV. Kugula dzenje - chitsogozo chopewera: Zizindikiro zitatu zazikulu ndizofunikira kwambiri
Zoopsa zambiri zimakhalapo pakugwiritsa ntchito mphamvu moyenera, zipangizo, ndi machitidwe ogwirira ntchito. Komabe, makabati owonetsera kunja ali ndi muyezo, ndipo n'kovuta kupanga zinthu zabodza. Chisamaliro chiyenera kuperekedwa pa luso ndi ubwino, komanso ntchito yogulitsa pambuyo pogulitsa.
(1) Chitsimikizo cha kugwiritsa ntchito bwino mphamvu: Kukana "zolemba zabodza za deta"
Zindikirani ziphaso zodziwika bwino padziko lonse lapansi zogwiritsira ntchito mphamvu monga Energy Star (USA) ndi CECP (China), ndipo perekani patsogolo zinthu zomwe zili ndi giredi 1 yogwiritsira ntchito mphamvu (muyezo wa China: kugwiritsa ntchito mphamvu tsiku lililonse ≤ 1.0 kWh/200L). Kabati ina yowonetsera yopanda chizindikiro imakhala ndi chizindikiro cha kugwiritsa ntchito mphamvu tsiku lililonse ya 1.2 kWh, koma muyeso weniweni ndi 1.8 kWh, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti pakhale ndalama zowonjezera zamagetsi pachaka zoposa $41.5.
(2) Kusankha zinthu: Tsatanetsatane umatsimikizira nthawi ya moyo
Ikani patsogolo ma galvanized steel plates (makulidwe a ≥ 8μm) kapena mapulasitiki a ABS engineering, omwe kukana dzimbiri kumakhala kokwera katatu kuposa ma plate wamba achitsulo.
Dziwani galasi lofewa ndi satifiketi ya 3C (makulidwe ≥ 5mm), lomwe limagwira ntchito yolimba kuposa galasi wamba nthawi 5, kupewa chiopsezo chodziphulika lokha nthawi yachilimwe yotentha kwambiri.
(3) Dongosolo lautumiki: Choyipa chobisika cha ndalama zogulitsira pambuyo pa malonda
Sankhani mitundu yomwe imapereka "chitsimikizo cha makina cha zaka zitatu + chitsimikizo cha compressor cha zaka zisanu". Mtengo wokonza compressor wa kabati kakang'ono kowonetsera chizindikiro pambuyo poti chalephera unafika pa 2,000 yuan, zomwe zimaposa mtengo wapakati wokonza pachaka wa mitundu wamba.
Pamene kabati yowonetsera zakumwa ya chitseko chagalasi ikusintha kuchoka pa "kasitomala wamphamvu kwambiri" kukhala "injini yopindulitsa", ndi kuphatikiza kwakuya kwa ukadaulo wa firiji, kukongola kwa zowonetsera, ndi kugwiritsa ntchito deta kumbuyo kwake. Kwa ogwira ntchito m'masitolo akuluakulu, kusankha kabati yowonetsera yomwe imaphatikiza mphamvu zosungira mphamvu ndi kutsatsa kwenikweni kumatanthauza kuyika 10% ya mtengo wa zida kuti zichepetse 30% pakugwiritsa ntchito mphamvu ndi kuwonjezeka kwa 25% pa malonda - izi sizongosintha zida zokha komanso kukonzanso phindu kutengera malingaliro a ogula.
Nthawi yolemba: Meyi-12-2025 Mawonedwe: