Mu dongosolo la malonda firiji zipangizo, ndicondenserndi chimodzi mwa zigawo zikuluzikulu firiji, kudziwa bwino refrigeration ndi zida bata. ntchito yake yaikulu ndi refrigeration, ndipo mfundo ndi motere: izo otembenuka mkulu-kutentha ndi mkulu-anzanu refrigerant nthunzi kutulutsidwa ndi kompresa mu sing'anga kutentha ndi mkulu-anzanu madzi kudzera kutentha kuwombola, kuyala maziko kwa wotsatira mayamwidwe kutentha ndi vaporization wa refrigerant mufiriji kukwaniritsa kuzirala ndi nthunzi. Mitundu yodziwika bwino ya condensers imaphatikizapofin-tube condenser, waya-chubu condenser, ndi chubu-machubu condenser.
Kwa masitolo akuluakulu ku Ulaya ndi ku America, mphamvu ya firiji, mphamvu yogwiritsira ntchito mphamvu, ndi moyo wautumiki wa zipangizo zonse za firiji, kuchokera ku makabati a firiji ndi mafiriji mpaka kusungirako kwakukulu kozizira, zimagwirizana mwachindunji ndi ntchito ya condensers. Mavuto monga kusakwanira kwa kutentha kwa kutentha, kukulitsa, kapena kutsekeka kumachitika mu condensers, sizidzangopangitsa kuchepa kwa mphamvu ya firiji ya zida ndi kusinthasintha kwa kutentha mkati mwa makabati, zomwe zimakhudza kusungirako zakudya zatsopano, komanso kuonjezera kuchuluka kwa ntchito ya kompresa, kukulitsa mphamvu yamagetsi, komanso kufupikitsa moyo wonse wautumiki wa zida.
Ma Condensers ali ndi mawonekedwe osiyanasiyana ogwiritsira ntchito ndipo amagwiritsidwa ntchito makamaka pazida zazikulu zafiriji monga.zoziziritsa kukhosi zam'mwamba, makabati a ayisikilimu, opangira ayezi, makabati owonetsera chakumwa choyimirira m'masitolo akuluakulu, makabati a makeke, makabati amowa, ndi mafiriji apanyumba,kuchita mbali yofunikira pakusungirako zakudya zatsopano komanso kuziyika mufiriji.
1. Fin-Tube Condensers: Chosankha Chachikulu cha Kutentha Kwabwino Kwambiri
Thefin chubu condenserndi imodzi mwa mitundu yogwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri ya condensers. Mapangidwe ake apakati amakhala ndi machubu amkuwa (kapena machubu a aluminiyamu) ndi zipsepse zachitsulo. Powonjezera zipsepse zowirira kumtunda wakunja kwa machubu osalala achitsulo, malo otenthetsera kutentha amawonjezeka kwambiri, ndipo kusinthana kwa kutentha kumakhala bwino.
Pankhani yamapangidwe, mafin material nthawi zambiri amakhala aluminiyamu, ndipo zida zina zapamwamba zimagwiritsa ntchito zipsepse zamkuwa. Zipsepse za aluminiyamu zakhala zodziwika bwino chifukwa cha zabwino zake zotsika mtengo komanso zopepuka. Njira zolumikizirana pakati pa zipsepse ndi machubu amkuwa makamaka zimaphatikizira njira yosindikizira, njira yokulunga zipsepse, ndinjira yopumira. Pakati pawo, njira yopangira fin-rolling imagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri mufiriji yapakatikati komanso yapamwamba kwambiri chifukwa zipsepsezo zimaphatikizidwa kwambiri ndi machubu amkuwa, zomwe zimapangitsa kutsika kwamafuta komanso kutentha kwambiri.
Kuphatikiza apo, kuti akwaniritse zofunikira zoyika zida zosiyanasiyana za firiji, ma condensers a fin-tube amathanso kugawidwa m'mitundu yoziziritsa ndi madzi. Mtundu woziziritsa mpweya sufuna njira yowonjezera yoyendetsera madzi ndipo umasinthasintha kuti ukhazikike, ndikupangitsa kuti ukhale woyenera makabati a refrigerate a supermarket, mafiriji ang'onoang'ono, ndi zina zotero. Mtundu wamadzi ozizira uli ndi kutentha kwakukulu kwa kutentha koma kumafuna madzi apamwamba kwambiri ndipo amafunikira nsanja yothandizira yozizira. Amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri m'mafiriji apakati a masitolo akuluakulu kapena zipangizo zozizira kwambiri.
Pankhani ya mawonekedwe ogwiritsira ntchito ndi kukonza, chifukwa cha ntchito yawo yotenthetsera kutentha kwambiri komanso njira zosinthira, ma condensers a fin-tube amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri m'makabati otseguka afiriji, mafiriji oyimirira, kusungirako kuzizira kophatikizana, ndi zida zina.
Pokonza tsiku ndi tsiku, m'pofunika kuyeretsa fumbi ndi zinyalala nthawi zonse pamwamba pa zipsepsezo kuti muteteze kutsekeka kwa mipata ya zipsepsezo kuti zisakhudze kutentha. Kwa ma condensers oziziritsidwa ndi mpweya, ndikofunikiranso kuyang'ana momwe mafani amagwirira ntchito kuti muwonetsetse kuthamanga kwanthawi zonse. Kwa ma condensers oziziritsidwa ndi madzi, mapaipi amafunika kutsukidwa nthawi zonse kuti sikelo isachepetse kutentha kwa kutentha, ndipo panthawi imodzimodziyo, samalani ndikuyang'ana ngati pali kutuluka kulikonse komwe kuli paipi yamadzi.
2. Wire-Tube Condensers: Chosankha Chothandiza chokhala ndi Mapangidwe Okhazikika
Thewaya-chubu condenser, yomwe imadziwikanso kuti Bondi chubu condenser, ili ndi mawonekedwe opangira machubu angapo owonda amkuwa (kawirikawiri machubu a Bondi, mwachitsanzo, machubu achitsulo) molumikizana kenako mawaya achitsulo ozungulira ozungulira kunja kwa machubu amkuwa kuti apange maukonde oziziritsa kutentha. Poyerekeza ndi ma fin-chubu condensers, kapangidwe kake kamakhala kocheperako, malo otenthetsera kutentha pa voliyumu ya unit ndi yayikulu, ndipo kulumikizana pakati pa mawaya achitsulo ndi machubu amkuwa ndi olimba, komanso kukana kugwedezeka kwamphamvu.
Pazabwino zogwirira ntchito, ngakhale kuti kutentha kwake ndikotsika pang'ono poyerekeza ndi ma condensers a fin-chubu, chifukwa cha mawonekedwe ake ophatikizika komanso malo ang'onoang'ono, ndikoyenera kwambiri kuyika mu zida zamafiriji zam'sitolo zomwe zili ndi malo ochepa, monga mafiriji ang'onoang'ono opingasa ndi makabati omangidwa mufiriji.
Dziwani kuti pamwamba pa waya-chubu condenser ndi yosalala, kupangitsa kuti sachedwa kudzikundikira fumbi, ndipo tsiku ndi tsiku kuyeretsa n'kosavuta. Ilinso ndi kukana kwamphamvu kwa dzimbiri komanso moyo wautali wautumiki, makamaka oyenera malo achinyezi a masitolo akuluakulu (monga zida za firiji pafupi ndi malo opangira madzi ndi malo opangira zatsopano).
Pankhani ya kagwiritsidwe ntchito, imagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri m'zida zing'onozing'ono zamafiriji m'masitolo akuluakulu, monga makabati owonetsera pamapiritsi, mafiriji ang'onoang'ono, ndi makabati osungiramo zokolola zatsopano. Kukonzekera, tcherani khutu ku zotsatirazi: nthawi zonse pukutani fumbi la pamwamba ndi nsalu yofewa, ndipo palibe chifukwa chokhalira disassembly ndi kuyeretsa; ngati zida zili m'malo achinyezi kwa nthawi yayitali, fufuzani ngati pali dzimbiri pamwamba pa condenser. Dzimbiri likapezeka, likonzereni ndi utoto wotsutsa dzimbiri panthawi yake kuti dzimbiri zisafalikire komanso kusokoneza ntchito yochotsa kutentha; nthawi yomweyo, pewani zinthu zolimba zomwe zimawombana ndi mawaya achitsulo ndi machubu amkuwa a condenser kuti mupewe kuwonongeka kwamapangidwe kuti muchepetse kutentha kwapang'onopang'ono.
3. Tube-Sheet Condensers: Kusankha Kodalirika kwa Zochitika Zamphamvu Zapamwamba
Thechubu-sheet condenserimapangidwa ndi bokosi la chubu, pepala la chubu, machubu osinthira kutentha, ndi chipolopolo. Mapangidwe ake apakati ndi kukonza malekezero onse a machubu angapo osinthira kutentha (nthawi zambiri machubu achitsulo osasunthika kapena machubu osapanga zitsulo) papepala la chubu kuti apange mtolo wa chubu. Firiji mu bokosi la chubu ndi sing'anga yozizira (monga madzi kapena mpweya) mu chipolopolo amasinthanitsa kutentha kudzera pa khoma la chubu. Chubu-sheet condenser imakhala ndi mphamvu zamapangidwe apamwamba, kupanikizika kwambiri komanso kutentha kwambiri, ndipo kugwirizana pakati pa machubu osinthanitsa kutentha ndi pepala la chubu limagwiritsa ntchito njira zowotcherera kapena zowonjezera, ndi ntchito yabwino yosindikiza ndipo sichimakonda kutulutsa mavuto.
Potengera kapangidwe kake ndi magwiridwe antchito, imatha kugawidwa m'mitundu ya chipolopolo-ndi-chubu (yokhazikika m'madzi) ndi mitundu yoziziritsa ndi mpweya. Muchipolopolo ndi chubu chubu-mapepala condenser, madzi ozizira amadutsa mu chipolopolo, ndipo firiji imayenda mkati mwa machubu osinthanitsa kutentha, kutumiza kutentha kumadzi ozizira kupyolera mu khoma la chubu. Zili ndi kutentha kwakukulu kwa kutentha ndipo zimatha kupirira kupanikizika kwakukulu, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti zikhale zoyenera pazida zozizira kwambiri komanso zodzaza ndi firiji m'masitolo akuluakulu, monga kusungirako kuzizira kwakukulu ndi makina apakati a firiji. Chigoba ndi chubu-sheet condenser yoziziritsidwa ndi mpweya imakhala ndi fan kunja kwa chipolopolo, ndipo kutentha kumatengedwa kudzera mumayendedwe a mpweya. Sichifuna njira yoyendetsera madzi ndipo ndi yabwino kwambiri kuyika, koma kutentha kwake kwa kutentha kumakhala kotsika pang'ono kusiyana ndi mtundu wa chipolopolo ndi chubu, choyenera pazochitika zomwe zimakhala ndi zovuta zambiri koma malo ochepa.
Ndi mawonekedwe ake amphamvu kwambiri komanso ntchito yosindikiza kwambiri, chubu-sheet condenser imagwiritsidwa ntchito makamaka m'zida zazikulu zamafiriji m'masitolo akuluakulu, monga malo ozizirira matani masauzande khumi, mafiriji apakati, ndi mafiriji osatentha kwambiri osungira nyama ndi nsomba zam'madzi.
Pakukonza, ndikofunikira kuyang'ana pafupipafupi madzi amadzi ozizira kuti mupewe kukula ndi zonyansa kuti zisalowe mkati mwa machubu osinthira kutentha. Kuyeretsa mankhwala kapena njira zoyeretsera makina zingagwiritsidwe ntchito kuchotsa dothi mkati mwa machubu. Nthawi yomweyo, fufuzani ngati pali kutayikira kulikonse pa kugwirizana pakati pa pepala la chubu ndi machubu osinthira kutentha. Ngati kutayikira kwapezeka, konzani ndi kuwotcherera kapena kusintha machubu osinthira kutentha munthawi yake. Pa makina oziziritsa chipolopolo ndi chubu, yeretsani fumbi kunja kwa chipolopolo nthawi zonse ndikuyang'ana momwe zimakupiza zimagwirira ntchito kuti muwonetsetse kuti kutentha sikutha.
4. Ma Evaporator a Tube-Sheet: Zofunika Kwambiri Pamapeto a Firiji
M'zida zambiri za firiji, chubu-sheet evaporator ndiye gawo lothandizira kuti muzitha kuzizira ndi kuzizira. Ntchito yake ndi yosiyana ndi ya condenser. Imayamwa kwambiri kutentha ndi kusungunula madzi otsika komanso otsika kwambiri a refrigerant pambuyo pogwedeza ndi kuchepetsa kupanikizika mkati mwa evaporator, kutengera kutentha kwa chilengedwe chozungulira, potero kuchepetsa kutentha kwa firiji kapena malo oundana. Mapangidwe ake ndi ofanana ndi a chubu-sheet condenser, yomwe imakhala ndi pepala la chubu, machubu osinthira kutentha, ndi chipolopolo, koma njira yogwirira ntchito ndi njira yotumizira kutentha ndizosiyana.
Pankhani ya kapangidwe ndi magwiridwe antchito, molingana ndi njira yoyendetsera firiji, imatha kugawidwa m'mitundu yasefukira ndi mtundu wouma. M'madzi osefukira a chubu-sheet evaporator, chipolopolocho chimadzazidwa ndi madzi a refrigerant, ndipo machubu osinthanitsa kutentha amamizidwa mumadzimadzi, kusinthanitsa kutentha ndi sing'anga yozizira (monga mpweya, madzi) kupyolera mu khoma la chubu. Ili ndi kutentha kwakukulu kosinthana ndi kutentha ndipo ndiyoyenera kusungirako kuzizira kwa supermarket, zoziziritsa kumadzi, ndi zida zina. Muyouma chubu-pepala evaporator, refrigerant imayenda mkati mwa machubu osinthira kutentha, ndipo sing'anga yozizira imalowa mkati mwa chipolopolo. Ili ndi kamangidwe kosavuta komanso kosavuta kukonza, koyenera makabati ang'onoang'ono afiriji, makabati owonetsera owumitsidwa, ndi zida zina.
Ponena za zipangizo, mkuwa kapena zitsulo zosapanga dzimbiri zimagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri. Machubu osinthira kutentha kwa mkuwa amakhala ndi matenthedwe abwino, ndipo machubu osinthira chitsulo chosapanga dzimbiri amakhala ndi kukana dzimbiri kwamphamvu. Zinthu zoyenera zitha kusankhidwa molingana ndi zochitika zogwiritsira ntchito zida.
Pankhani ya mawonekedwe ogwiritsira ntchito, amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri pazida zosiyanasiyana zamafiriji, monga makabati otseguka afiriji, mafiriji oyimirira, kusungirako kuzizira kophatikizana, zoziziritsira madzi, ndi zina zambiri.
Pankhani yokonza, yang'anani momwe chisanu cha evaporator chikuzizira. Ngati chisanu ndi chokhuthala, chimalepheretsa kusinthana kwa kutentha ndikuchepetsa kutentha kwa firiji. Kuwotcha kuyenera kuchitidwa panthawi yake (kutentha kwa magetsi, kutentha kwa mpweya wotentha, etc. kungagwiritsidwe ntchito).
Pama evaporator a machubu odzaza ndi madzi, wongolerani kuchuluka kwa kulipiritsa mufiriji kuti mupewe kutsika kwamadzimadzi komwe kumachitika chifukwa chachangitsa kwambiri. Pa zowuma za machubu-sheet evaporator, onani ngati pali kutsekeka kulikonse mu machubu osinthira kutentha. Ngati kutsekeka kwapezeka, gasi wothamanga kwambiri kapena mankhwala oyeretsera atha kugwiritsidwa ntchito pochotsa. Musanyalanyaze kuyang'ana ntchito yosindikiza ya evaporator kuti muteteze kutayikira kwa firiji kuti zisakhudze zotsatira za firiji.
M'zida zamafiriji zamalonda zam'masitolo akuluakulu, ma condensers osiyanasiyana ndi ma evaporator ali ndi mawonekedwe awo apadera komanso mawonekedwe ogwiritsira ntchito. Ndikofunikira kusankha mitundu yofananira ndi makulidwe ake malinga ndi mtundu wa zida, kukula kwa danga, katundu wa firiji, ndi malo ogwiritsira ntchito, ndikugwira ntchito yabwino pakukonza tsiku ndi tsiku kuti zitsimikizire kuti zida za firiji zikuyenda bwino komanso zokhazikika, kupereka chitsimikizo chodalirika chosungirako chakudya chatsopano, ndipo nthawi yomweyo kuchepetsa kugwiritsa ntchito mphamvu ndi ndalama zogwirira ntchito.
Nthawi yotumiza: Oct-11-2025 Maonedwe: