Ungazithenga njani iifriji ezithe nkqo ngokukodwa kwiivenkile ezinkulu? Ngokuqhelekileyo zifumaneka kumazwe avela kuwo okanye zingeniswe kwamanye amazwe. Ixabiso lokungenisa liphezulu malunga nama-20% kunexabiso kwilizwe elivela kulo, kuxhomekeke kuphawu kunye neeparameter ezineenkcukacha. Umzekelo, iifriji ezithe nkqo ezinomnyango weglasi ngokubanzi ziqala kwi-$1000 ukuya kwi-$5000.
Izinto ezichaphazela ixabiso ziquka iinkcukacha zezixhobo ezithengiweyo, iindlela, ubungakanani, kunye neemeko zemarike. Utshintsho kwinto nganye lunokukhokelela kumaxabiso ahlukeneyo, alingana nokuguquguquka okungacwangciswanga.
Iinkcukacha zezixhobo ziquka ikakhulu izinto ezifana nomthamo, imisebenzi, kunye nezixhobo. Umzekelo, iifriji ezincinci (200-400L) zixabisa malunga ne-$1100, ezo zinkulu (600L) zixabisa malunga ne-$2000, kwaye ixabiso leefriji ezenziwe ngokwezifiso linokugqitywa ngokusekelwe kwiimeko zokwenyani.
Ngokuphathelele imisebenzi, eyona iphambili ngoku ibandakanya ulawulo lobushushu olukrelekrele, ukonga amandla, ukukhenkceza ngokukhawuleza, kunye nokubulala iintsholongwane, okunyusa ixabiso ngama-40%. Ukonga amandla kubonakala kakhulu ekwamkelweni kokusebenza kakuhle kwamandla odidi lokuqala. Umgaqo wokukhenkceza ngokukhawuleza kukwenza icompressor isebenze ngesantya esiphezulu.
Impembelelo yeendlela zokuthutha kwixabiso iyahluka. Ixabiso eliphantsi lefektri akuthethi ukuba ixabiso lokugqibela liza kuba liphantsi. Kufuneka kuqatshelwe ukuba ukuthunyelwa kwamanye amazwe kurhwebo lwangaphandle kubandakanya iinkqubo ezahlukeneyo kunye neendleko. Ezinye iinkampani zorhwebo ezigxile ekuthumeleni ngaphandle iifriji ezithe nkqo nazo ziindawo ezibalulekileyo zokuthutha. Xa uthenga, kuyimfuneko ukubala ixabiso eliqikelelweyo kwaye wenze ukhetho ngohlalutyo.
Ukongeza, ungalibali iingenelo zezinye iindlela zokuthengisa. Umzekelo, ukuthenga ngobuninzi kwiifektri kuyabiza, kodwa ukuba yiyunithi enye eyenziwe ngokwezifiso, ixabiso lidla ngokuba phezulu. Ke ngoko, ezinye iindlela zokuthengisa zikwayindlela elungileyo yokusebenzisa izixhobo ezime nkqo.
Xa kufikwa ekuthengeni, iimeko zokusetyenziswa ngokubanzi ziivenkile ezinkulu, iivenkile ezinkulu, kunye neevenkile ezinkulu, apho ubungakanani bukhulu ngokungenakuphepheka. Abanye ababoneleli baya kubonelela ngezaphulelo ngokusekelwe kubungakanani obuthile, ngesiqhelo i-2%-10%, kwaye uluhlu lwezaphulelo luxhomekeke kubungakanani bokwenyani.
Kufuneka kuqatshelwe ukuba ixabiso lokungenisa impahla enezinto ezibuthathaka njengeglasi lidla ngokuba phezulu kunelezinto eziqhelekileyo ezibuthathaka. Izinto eziphambili ezinefuthe zingahlalutywa ngokufutshane ukusuka kwiinkalo ezintathu: iindleko zothutho, iindleko zokupakisha, kunye neeprimiyamu zomngcipheko:
(1) Iindleko eziphezulu zothutho
Iingcango zeefriji ezithe nkqo zineglasi, kwaye izinto ezibuthathaka zineemfuno ezingqongqo kwinkqubo yokuthutha. Iindlela zokuthutha ezizinzileyo ngakumbi (ezifana nokuthunyelwa ngokupheleleyo kweekhonteyina kwiimpahla zaselwandle kunye neendawo ezikhethekileyo kwiimpahla zomoya) kufuneka zikhethwe ukuze kuthintelwe ukuphuma kunye nokungqubana kwiindlela zokuthutha ze-LCL (ezingaphantsi komthwalo wesikhongozeli).
(2) Iindleko zokupakisha
Ukuze kuncitshiswe izinga lomonakalo, kufuneka izinto zobungcali zokubopha (ezifana negwebu, i-bubble wrap, iipallet zomthi, iibhokisi ezilungiselelweyo ezingashukumiyo, njl.njl.), kunye nokupakisha okwenziweyo okungangeni manzi nokungaxinzekiyo. Iindleko zezinto zokupakisha kunye neendleko zokupakisha ngesandla ziphezulu kakhulu kunezo zeempahla eziqhelekileyo.
(3) Iprimiyamu yomngcipheko engafanelekanga
Abangenisi bempahla kwamanye amazwe kufuneka bathwale umngcipheko wokonakala kwezinto ezibuthathaka ngexesha lokulayisha, ukukhupha impahla, ukuthutha, kunye nokususwa kwempahla. Basenokufuna ukuthenga i-inshurensi yempahla egubungela "umngcipheko wokwaphuka" (iprimiyamu idla ngokuba yipesenti ethile yexabiso lempahla). Kwimeko yokonakala, kuya kubakho iindleko ezongezelelweyo zokuphinda kuzaliswe, ukubuyiselwa, kunye nokutshintshiselana (ezifana nokuthutha okwesibini, ukuhlawula kwakhona iirhafu, njl.njl.). Ezi ndleko zomngcipheko ziya kwabelwa ngokungathanga ngqo kwixabiso lokungenisa impahla, zenze iprimiyamu efihliweyo.
Ukongeza, amanye amazwe anemigangatho engqongqo yokuhlolwa kwempahla ethengiswayo kwizinto ezibuthathaka (ezifana nokujonga ukuthotyelwa kokupakisha, iimpawu zokhuseleko, njl.njl.). Ukuba kufuneka kuhlangatyezwane neemfuno ezongezelelweyo zokuhlola, oku kunokunyusa ixabiso elincinci lokusebenza, nto leyo echaphazela ngakumbi ixabiso lokugqibela lokungenisa impahla.
Ngamafutshane, "ixabiso elilungileyo" kubathengisi abancinci nabaphakathi abathenga iyunithi enye lidla ngokuba phakathi ukuya kutsho kuluhlu oluphantsi lwexabiso elisisiseko (umzekelo, iimodeli ezifrijiweyo ezingama-400L zibiza i-$1100-$5500). Xa kuthengwa ngobuninzi (iiyunithi ezi-5 nangaphezulu), ixabiso elilungileyo lingancitshiswa liye kwi-70%-80% yexabiso elisisiseko, kwaye kufuneka kubekwe phambili kwiitshaneli ezinkulu ngabasasazi okanye ukuthengwa ngokuthe ngqo kubavelisi ngexesha lokungabikho kwexesha lonyaka, kuthathelwa ingqalelo ixabiso kunye nenkonzo yasemva kokuthengisa.
Ixesha lokuposa: Sep-02-2025 Imbono: