Kwiminyaka embalwa edlulileyo, iifriji ziye zaba zizixhobo eziphambili kwimarike, zidlala indima ebalulekileyo ekugcinweni kokutya. Ngokukhawuleziswa kokukhula kwezixeko, utshintsho kwiindawo zokuhlala, kunye nokuphuculwa kweengcamango zokusetyenziswa,iifriji ezincinci, iifriji ezincinci ezime nkqokunyeiifriji zomnyango weglasiziye zasetyenziswa kakhulu kwiimeko ezahlukeneyo kwaye zibe ziintlobo ezintathu zenkxalabo enkulu kwimarike yorhwebo lwehlabathi.
Iifriji ezincinci: Impumelelo enkulu kwiindawo ezincinci
Ezi zixhobo zokukhenkceza ezincinci zihlala zinomthamo ongaphantsi kweelitha ezili-100 kwaye zihlala kwisithathu kuphela sommandla weemodeli zemveli, kodwa zinokuhlangabezana ngokuchanekileyo neemfuno zokukhenkceza kwiimeko ezithile. Idatha yemarike ibonisa ukuba ubungakanani bemarike yehlabathi yezixhobo zokukhenkceza eziphathwayo bufikelele kwi-1.39 yeebhiliyoni zeeyuan ngo-2024 kwaye kulindeleke ukuba zikhule ziye kwi-1.87 yeebhiliyoni zeeyuan ngo-2031, kunye nesantya sokukhula sonyaka esidibeneyo se-3.8%, esibonisa imfuno eqhubekayo yabathengi yezisombululo zokukhenkceza eziguquguqukayo.
Ngokuphathelele iimeko zokusetyenziswa, kwiindawo zokulala zaseyunivesithi nakwiindawo zeeofisi, zibonelela ngezisombululo zokugcina izinto kubafundi kunye nabasebenzi baseofisini, ziphepha ingxaki yokuya nokubuya kwiindawo zikawonke-wonke. Kwabo bathanda ukukhempisha kunye nabasebenzi bangaphandle, iimodeli ezihambelana nezixhobo zombane zezithuthi ze-12V ziye zaba zizixhobo ezibalulekileyo, ezinokugcina ukutya kutsha kwiindawo ezingenambane omkhulu.
Ngokusebenzisa ubugcisa obutsha, ezi zixhobo ziphumelele kakhulu. Zisebenzisa iinkqubo zokuphola ezisebenza kakuhle ze-thermoelectric okanye zokuphola ezixineneyo, isantya sokuphola kweefriji ezincinci sikhawuleza ngaphezu kwama-40% kuneemodeli zemveli, kwaye ukusetyenziswa kwamandla kuncitshiswa ngama-25%. Kakade ke, oku akunakuhlukaniswa nokuphumelela kobuchwepheshe kwababoneleli abaphezulu kwizinto eziphambili ezifana nee-micro compressors kunye nezixhobo zokugquma ubushushu. Ulawulo lwabo kwiinkqubo zokwenza ngokuchanekileyo lumisela ngokuthe ngqo umda ophezulu wokusebenza kwemveliso. Ukongeza, ukusetyenziswa kwezinto ezikhaphukhaphu (ezinye iimodeli zinobunzima obungaphantsi kwe-10 yeekhilogram) kunye noyilo lwesiphatho esiphathwayo luphucula ngakumbi iingenelo zazo zokuhamba.
Iifriji ezithe nkqo ezithambileyo: Ukhetho lobulumko lokwenza indawo ibe ngcono
Ngenxa yophuhliso notshintsho loqoqosho lwasezidolophini, kukho izinto ezininzi ngakumbi kwiindawo zokuthenga ezinkulu, kwiivenkile ezinkulu, njl.njl., kwaye uyilo olufanelekileyo lwesithuba lubaluleke kakhulu. Ke ngoko, kukho imfuno enamandla yezixhobo eziqinileyo zokukhenkceza, kwaye iifriji ezincinci ezime nkqo ziye zavela njengoko amaxesha edinga. Zihlala zinobubanzi obuyi-20-24 intshi (malunga ne-50-60 cm) kunye nobunzulu obuyi-24-28 intshi (malunga ne-60-70 cm), kodwa umthamo ungafikelela kwi-10-15 cubic feet (malunga ne-280-425 litres), zilungelelanisa ngokugqibeleleyo ukuphikisana phakathi kokusetyenziswa kwendawo kunye nomthamo wokugcina. Xa kuthelekiswa nobubanzi bee-30-36 intshi zeemodeli eziqhelekileyo, indawo egciniweyo yanele ukudala iindawo ezibalulekileyo zomsebenzi.
Ngokuphathelele ukulungiswa kweenkcukacha, uyilo lomnyango olumxinwa luvumela ukufikelela ngokupheleleyo kwizinto zangaphakathi xa zivulwa ngama-90 degrees kuphela, nto leyo esombulula ingxaki yokuba iingcango zefriji zemveli kunzima ukuzivula ngokupheleleyo kwiindawo ezincinci. Iishelufu zeglasi eziguquguqukayo zinokulungiswa ngokuguquguqukayo ngokweembalo zezinto, kwaye ngee-partitions ezenzelwe ngokukodwa ezifana neerakhi zesiselo kunye neebhokisi zokugcina izinto ezintsha, ukusetyenziswa ngokufanelekileyo kwendawo encinci kuyafezekiswa.
Ngokophando lwemarike, ukusetyenziswa kwemarike yaseTshayina kukhulu kakhulu. Ubungakanani bemarike yezixhobo zokukhenkceza bufikelele kwi-146 yeebhiliyoni zeerandi ngo-2025, ukwanda konyaka nonyaka kwe-13.5%, phakathi kwazo iimodeli ezincinci nezonga amandla zibambe isabelo esibalulekileyo. Iimpawu ezifana neNenwell nazo ziqalise iifriji "ezincinci" ezisecaleni, ezixinzelelwe ukuya kubukhulu obuyi-30 cm kuphela kwaye zinokufakwa ngaphandle komthungo kwiindawo ezincinci ukuhlangabezana nokufuna kwabathengi ubuhle obudibeneyo. Ezi friji azigcini nje ngokwandisa ubungakanani kodwa zikwadibanisa imisebenzi ephambili efana nokulawula ubushushu ngokuchanekileyo, ukugcinwa komswakama, kunye nokugcinwa kobutsha. Ezinye iimodeli zongeza iindawo ezizimeleyo ezitshintsha ubushushu, ezinokutshintsha imeko yokugcina ngokweentlobo zezithako.
Iifriji zomnyango weglasi: Ukuhlanganiswa okugqibeleleyo komsebenzi kunye nobuhle
Iifriji zeengcango zeglasi zihlala zinobushushu obuyi-2-8℃ kwaye ziza ngohlobo lwengcango enye, ezimbini, ezintathu, kunye neengcango ezininzi. Ezi zixhobo zibonakaliswa ziingcango zeglasi ezicacileyo okanye ezikhanyayo, ziphula umbono ovaliweyo weemodeli zemveli, kwaye zisetyenziswa kakhulu kwiimeko zeevenkile ezinkulu.
Iifriji zanamhlanje ezifrijiweyo zisebenzisa iglasi epholileyo enamaleko amathathu eneteknoloji yokugquma engaphantsi kwe-E, enciphisa kakhulu ukuncipha komswakama kunye nokulahleka kwamandla ngelixa iqinisekisa isiphumo sokubona. Olu phuculo luzuza kwintsebenziswano enzulu phakathi kwababoneleli beglasi kunye namaqela etekhnoloji yokufriji, elungelelanisa ukuphikisana phakathi kokuhanjiswa kokukhanya kunye nokufakwa kobushushu ngokusebenzisa ukulungiswa kwefomyula yezinto kunye nokuphuculwa koyilo lwesakhiwo.
Ukusetyenziswa kwengubo yokuthintela inkungu kuqinisekisa ukuba ucango luhlala lucacile xa ubushushu butshintsha, nto leyo evumela abasebenzisi ukuba bazi indawo yokugcina izinto ngaphakathi ngaphandle kokuvula ucango, nto leyo elula neyonga amandla. Uyilo oluntsonkothileyo lweziqwenga zokukhanya ze-LED zangaphakathi aluphuculi nje kuphela isiphumo sokukhanya kodwa lukwadala nomoya ofudumeleyo, nto leyo eyenza izithako zibe nomfanekiso omtsha ofana nalowo kwindawo yokutya okutsha kwivenkile enkulu.
Kwiivenkile ezinkulu ezixakekileyo, iimodeli ezincinci zeengcango zeglasi zihlala zisetyenziswa njengeekhabhathi zeziselo ukubonisa iiwayini kunye neziselo eziqokelelweyo. Umzekelo, iikhefi kunye neevenkile ezithengisa izinto ezincinci zisebenzisa zona ukubonisa iidizethi kunye nokutya okulula, ezineziphumo zokukhenkceza kunye nokubonisa. Iimodeli ezikrelekrele zinokwenza imisebenzi efana nokulungiswa kobushushu kunye nolawulo lokutya ngephaneli yokuchukumisa emnyango weglasi okanye i-APP yeselula. Ezinye iimveliso zide zidibanise itekhnoloji yokuqaphela ukutya, enokurekhoda ngokuzenzekelayo ixesha lokugcina kwaye ikhumbuze umhla wokuphelelwa.
Iindlela zexesha elizayo kubuchwepheshe bezixhobo zokukhenkcisa: Ubukrelekrele, ukugcinwa kwamandla, kunye nentsebenziswano yekhonkco lokubonelela
Uphuhliso lweentlobo ezintathu eziphambili zeefriji lubonisa indlela yokuguquka kweshishini lonke, kwaye ababoneleli badlala indima ebalulekileyo kule nkqubo. Uzinzo lwekhonkco lokubonelela oluphezulu luchaphazela ngokuthe ngqo ukunikezelwa kwemarike kunye nolawulo lweendleko zeemveliso. Ingakumbi kwimeko yokuguquguquka kwamaxabiso ezinto eziluhlaza, inkqubo yentsebenziswano enezakhono zokuthenga ezinkulu kunye neendlela ezahlukeneyo zokubonelela zinokunciphisa ngempumelelo impembelelo yokuguquguquka kwemarike kwiimveliso zokugqibela.
Ukuphuculwa okuqhubekayo kokusebenza kokonga amandla kuye kwaba yinto eqhelekileyo. Kwimarike yezixhobo zokukhenkceza ezonga amandla eTshayina ngo-2025, izinga lokusetyenziswa kwetekhnoloji yokuguqula amaza lidlule kwi-70%, nto leyo eyonga amandla ngaphezulu kwama-30% kuneemveliso zemveli ze-fixed frequency. Le mpumelelo ayinakwahlulwa kutyalo-mali lwe-R&D lwababoneleli kwiindawo eziphambili ezifana nee-compressors zokuguqula amaza kunye nezixhobo zokusasaza ubushushu ezisebenzayo. Isantya sokuphindaphinda kwabo kwetekhnoloji simisela ngokuthe ngqo isantya sokuphucula ukonga amandla kweemveliso ezipheleleyo. Ukusasazwa kweefriji ezinobuhlobo nokusingqongileyo (ezifana nolwelo olusebenzayo lwendalo olufana ne-R600a) kunye nokuveliswa kwezinto zokuthintela ubushushu kuye kunciphisa ngakumbi impembelelo yokusingqongileyo yezixhobo ezinjalo, ngokuhambelana nomkhwa wehlabathi wophuhliso lwe-carbon ephantsi. Kule nkqubo, ingcamango yemveliso eluhlaza yababoneleli ibalulekile. Ukususela ekukhetheni izinto eziluhlaza ukuya ekuphuculeni iinkqubo zemveliso, ulawulo lokhuseleko lokusingqongileyo olupheleleyo luye lwaba ngumgaqo obalulekileyo kubanini beempawu ukuba bakhethe amaqabane.
Kulindeleke ukuba ngo-2030, ubungakanani bemarike yeemodeli ezonga amandla buza kufikelela kwi-189 yeebhiliyoni zeeyuan, kunye nesantya sokukhula sonyaka esidibeneyo se-6.8%, okubonisa impembelelo enkulu yengcamango yophuhliso oluzinzileyo kwiindlela zokukhetha ukusetyenziswa.
Imisebenzi ekrelekrele iyawuguqula amava omsebenzisi. Kwixesha elizayo, iya kuba zii-nodes ezibalulekileyo kwi-ecosystem yekhaya elikrelekrele. Ngokusebenzisa itekhnoloji ye-IoT, banokuqhagamshelana nezicelo zokutya ukuze benze uluhlu kwaye bakhumbuze abasebenzisi ngokuzenzekelayo ukuba baphinde bazalise ngokwendlela abatya ngayo. Ii-algorithms ze-AI zinokufunda imikhwa yokutya yabasebenzisi, ziphucule amaqhinga okukhenkceza, kwaye zibonelele ngeengcebiso zeresiphi. Ukufezekiswa kwale misebenzi kuxhomekeke kubuchule obutsha bokubambisana kwababoneleli beetshiphusi, ababoneleli beenkonzo zesoftware, kunye nabavelisi behardware. Ukulungelelaniswa kobuchwephesha kwazo zonke iikhonkco kwikhonkco lokubonelela kuchaphazela ngokuthe ngqo isiphumo sokuphunyezwa kwemisebenzi ekrelekrele. Okwangoku, le misebenzi iqalile ukusetyenziswa kwiimodeli eziphezulu kwaye iya kungena kancinci kancinci kwimarike ephambili, itshintsha indlela abantu abasebenzisana ngayo nokutya.
Idatha ibonisa ukuba isabelo semarike yefriji kwiimarike zaseYurophu naseMelika kulindeleke ukuba sinyuke ukusuka kwi-15% ngo-2025 ukuya kwi-25% ngo-2030. Uyilo olwenziwe ngokwezifiso lweendlela ezahlukeneyo zokuphila luye lwaba ngumkhwa: izinto ezintsha ezifana neendawo zokugcina ezikhethekileyo zezithako ezineproteni ephezulu ezenzelwe abantu abasempilweni, imisebenzi yokubilisa intlama elungiselelwe abathandi bokubhaka, kunye neendawo zokugcina ukutya kwezilwanyana zasekhaya ezizimeleyo kwiintsapho zezilwanyana zasekhaya zifuna ababoneleli ukuba banikeze izisombululo zecandelo ezijolise ngakumbi, ezifana nezinzwa ezenziwe ngokwezifiso kunye nezixhobo ezikhethekileyo zokugcina ukutya okutsha. Le modeli yokubonelela eyenzelwe wena xa ifunwa ivumela izixhobo ezinjalo ukuba zihlangabezane neemfuno ezithile ngokuchanekileyo.
Ukwanda kweendlela ezikwi-intanethi kuye kwayila iimodeli zorhwebo ezintsha kwaye kwabeka phambili iimfuno eziphezulu zesantya sokuphendula kwekhonkco lokubonelela. Umlinganiselo wokuthunyelwa kwamanye amazwe kurhwebo olukwi-intanethi ufikelele kwi-45% kwaye kulindeleke ukuba unyuke uye kwi-60% ngo-2030. Amandla entsebenziswano yedijithali phakathi kwababoneleli kunye nabanini beempawu abaluleke kakhulu. Ngokwabelana ngedatha yokuthengisa kunye nolwazi lwempahla, imveliso eguquguqukayo iyafezekiswa, yakha umjikelo omhle "wemfuno yomsebenzisi - ubuchule - ukuqinisekiswa kwemarike".
Xa bekhetha izixhobo ezifanelekileyo zokukhenkceza, abantu abagcini nje ngokuqwalasela umthamo kunye neenkonzo kodwa baqwalasela ngakumbi malunga nokuzivumelanisa neendlela zabo zokuphila. Olu tshintsho kwiingcamango zokusebenzisa lukhuthaza lonke ishishini ukuba liguqukele ekunikeleni ingqalelo ngakumbi kumava abasebenzisi kunye nophuhliso oluzinzileyo, kwaye lukwakhuthaza onke amakhonkco onxibelelwano lobonelelo ukuba akhe ubudlelwane obusondeleyo bentsebenziswano.
Ixesha lokuposa: Septemba-10-2025 Imbono: