Abahlobo abaqhuba iivenkile zeedizethi okanye iivenkile ezithengisa izinto eziluncedo kusenokwenzeka ukuba baye badibana nale meko ididayo: Iifriji ezimbini ze-ayisikhrim ezibekwe kwi--18°C zinokusebenzisa umbane oyi-5 kWh ngosuku, ngelixa enye isebenzisa i-10 kWh. I-ayisikhrim esanda kugcwaliswa igcina ubume bayo obuthambileyo kwezinye iifriji, kodwa ihlala ikhula iqabaka kwaye iqine kwezinye. Inyani yile, ubukhulu bomaleko wokugquma bumisela kancinci isiphumo.
Abaninzi bacinga ukuba "ukufakwa kobushushu obukhulu kusoloko kungcono," kodwa amagqala oshishino ayazi ukuba ukujiya okungafanelekanga kuchitha amandla kunye nemali okanye kudla indawo yokugcina izinto.
I. Ubukhulu bokugquma obuqhelekileyo buqala kwi-50-100mm, bulungiselelwe iimeko ezithile
Akukho mfuneko yokukhangela ngokungapheliyo—ububanzi bokugquma obuphambili beekhabhathi ze-ayisikhrim buphakathi kwe-50-100mm. Nangona kunjalo, eli ayiloxabiso limiselweyo. Iimeko ezahlukeneyo zokusetyenziswa kunye neemfuno zobushushu zifuna ubukhulu obahlukeneyo ngokupheleleyo.
| Imodeli/Imeko yesicelo | Uluhlu lobushushu ekujoliswe kulo | Ubukhulu bokugquma obucetyiswayo | Isizathu esiPhambili |
|---|---|---|---|
| Iifriji ze-ayisikhrim ezincinci ezisetyenziselwa ekhaya (ezincinci ezithe nkqo/ezithe tyaba) | -12°C ukuya kwi -18°C | 50-70mm | Ukusetyenziswa rhoqo ekhaya kufuna ubungqindilili obuncinci bokugquma; kulungelelanisa amandla okugcina kunye neemfuno ezisisiseko zokugcina ubushushu |
| Iikhabhathi zokubonisa ezisemgangathweni zorhwebo (Ivenkile yezinto ezilula/Ivenkile yeedizethi ethe nkqo) | -18℃~-22℃ | 70-90mm | Ukuvulwa rhoqo kweminyango (amashumi amaninzi imihla ngemihla), okufuna ulungelelwano phakathi kokugcinwa kobushushu kunye nendawo yokubonisa ukuthintela ukulahleka ngokukhawuleza komkhuhlane |
| Iiyunithi zorhwebo zangaphandle/ezinobushushu obuphezulu (iiMarike zasebusuku/iiStalls ezivulekileyo) | -18°C ukuya kwi -25°C | 90-100mm | Ukutshintshatshintsha okuphawulekayo kobushushu obungqongileyo (umz., ngaphandle ehlotyeni ngama-35℃+, ngaphakathi kwikhabhinethi -20℃). Ubushushu obukhulu kunciphisa ukusetyenziswa kwamandla kwaye kuthintela ukufuma kwekhabhinethi. |
| Iikhabhathi zokugcina izinto ezinobushushu obuphantsi kakhulu (iiSupermarket ezinkulu/ii-ayisikhrim ezithengiswa ngobuninzi) | Ngaphantsi kwe -25°C | 100-150mm | Indawo yokugcina izinto ezisemgangathweni wemizi-mveliso ifuna amaqondo obushushu aphantsi kakhulu kunye nokugcinwa kobushushu obungaguqukiyo; kusetyenziswa kakhulu i-PU foam insulation enoxinano oluphezulu, kwaye ukutyeba okunganeleyo kunokukhokelela ekonakalisweni kwe-ayisikhrim. |
Inqaku elikhethekileyo: Ukugcinwa kwe-ayisikhrim kufuna imigangatho engqongqo yokukhusela. Njengoko iingcali ezininzi zokugcina iifriji zisitsho kumaqonga afana neDouyin, ukugcinwa kwe-ayisikhrim kwi -22°C ukuya kwi -25°C kufuna iileya zokukhusela ubuncinci i-15cm (150mm) ubukhulu ukuze kusebenze kakuhle amandla. Nangona iikhabhathi ze-ayisikhrim zingayidingi le milinganiselo, iimodeli zobushushu obuphantsi kakhulu akufuneki ziwele ngaphantsi kwe-100mm.
II. Ezi zinto zi-4 zibalulekile ekusebenzeni kakuhle kwe-insulation
Amashishini amaninzi agxila kuphela kubukhulu xa ethenga, engayinaki eminye imiba ebalulekileyo. "Ubuchule bokugcina ubushushu" bephaneli buxhomekeke kwiziphumo ezidibeneyo zobukhulu, izinto, inkqubo yokuvelisa, kunye nolwakhiwo—ukongeza nje ubukhulu akusoloko kusebenza.
1. Umahluko omkhulu kumaqondo obushushu ufuna iiphaneli ezityebileyo
Umsebenzi ophambili wokwambathisa kukuthintela utshintshiselwano lobushushu phakathi kwangaphakathi nangaphandle. Umahluko omkhulu kubushushu ufuna ubukhulu obukhulu. Umzekelo, kwindawo yangaphakathi engama-25°C, ikhabhathi ye-ayisikhrim ene--18°C ifuna ubukhulu obungama-70mm. Nangona kunjalo, ukuba ibekwe kwindawo yokutyela yangaphandle engama-38°C, ukugcina ubushushu obufanayo kufuna ukonyusa ubukhulu bayo bube ngaphezu kwama-90mm. Oku kufana nokunxiba ijakethi engaphantsi ebusika: uhlobo olutyebileyo luyafuneka kwimimandla esemantla kwi--20°C, ngelixa oluncinci lufanelekile kwimimandla esemazantsi kwi-5°C.
2. I-PU Foam esetyenziswa kakhulu: Ubuninzi bubaluleke ngaphezu kobukhulu
Phantse zonke iikhabhathi ze-ayisikhrim zisebenzisa i-rigid polyurethane (PU) foam insulation. Le nto inesantya esivaliweyo se-95% kunye ne-thermal conductivity ephantsi njenge-0.018-0.024 W/(m·K), nto leyo eyenza ukuba ibe "yinto ebanzi" ye-insulation. Nangona kunjalo, qaphela: Uxinano lwe-PU foam kufuneka lube yi-≥40kg/m³; kungenjalo, nokuba bubukhulu obaneleyo, i-voids yangaphakathi iya kuphazamisana ne-insulation. Abanye abavelisi banciphisa iindleko ngokusebenzisa i-honeycomb foam endaweni ye-solid foam, nto leyo enciphisa ukusebenza kwe-insulation nge-30%. Nokuba ibhalwe njengobukhulu obuyi-80mm, ukusebenza kwayo okwenyani akufikeleli kwi-50mm ye-PU foam esemgangathweni ophezulu.
3. Ukufakwa kobushushu obukhulu kwiindawo ezivuleka rhoqo emnyango
Iikhabhathi ze-ayisikhrim zevenkile ekulula ukuzisebenzisa, ezivulwa amaxesha amaninzi ngemini ngabathengi, zilahlekelwa ngumkhuhlane ngokukhawuleza, zifuna ubushushu obuyi-20mm ubukhulu kuneeyunithi zasekhaya. Iimodeli zangaphandle azijongani nokuguquguquka okukhulu kobushushu kuphela kodwa zikwajongana nokukhanya kwelanga ngqo kunye nokuvezwa kwemozulu, nto leyo edinga ubunzulu obongezelelweyo obuyi-10-20mm. Ngokwahlukileyo koko, iiyunithi zasekhaya ezine-frequency ephantsi yokuvula zifuna kuphela i-50mm yobushushu obuphezulu. Ubukhulu obugqithisileyo ngokungeyomfuneko butya indawo yokugcina exabisekileyo.
4. Ukuthintela "Iziphumo zeBridge yoThermal" Ziyaphumelela Ukutyeba
Ezinye iikhabhathi ze-ayisikhrim azikwazi ukugcina ubanda nangona zinobukhulu obaneleyo ngenxa “yokudityaniswa kobushushu.” Umzekelo, iibrakethi zesinyithi okanye iigaskets zomnyango ezingasebenzi kakuhle zisebenza “njengemingxunya kwisuti egqunyiweyo,” zivumela ubushushu ukuba buphume ngokuthe ngqo. Oku kuchaza isizathu sokuba abanye abavelisi bongeze ubushushu obongezelelweyo kwiindawo zesinyithi—nangona ubushushu buncinci kancinci, ukusebenza kwabo kudlula iimveliso ezigqunyiweyo nezingqindilili ezingagqunywanga kakuhle.
III. Ukukhetha Ubukhulu Obufanelekileyo Kunokonga Iindleko Ezibalulekileyo Zombane Ngonyaka
Ubukhulu bokugquma buchaphazela ngokuthe ngqo iindleko zombane. Ifomula elula yokudlulisa ubushushu ichaza isizathu: izinga lokudlulisa ubushushu lihambelana ngokuphambeneyo nobukhulu. Ubukhulu obukhulu benza ukungena kobushushu kube nzima, kunciphisa isidingo sokusebenza rhoqo kwenkqubo yokupholisa kwaye kunciphisa ukusetyenziswa kwamandla ngokwendalo.
Cinga ngalo mzekelo wokwenyani: Ikhabhathi ye-ayisikhrim yevenkile ethengisa izinto ezincinci ene-insulation ye-70mm esetyenziswa i-8 kWh imihla ngemihla. Emva kokuyitshintsha ngekhabhathi enobukhulu obuyi-90mm yohlobo olufanayo, ukusetyenziswa kwemihla ngemihla kwehle ukuya kwi-5.5 kWh. Ngexabiso lorhwebo le-1.2 yuan/kWh, ukonga konyaka kufikelele kwi-(8-5.5) × 365 × 1.2 = 1,095 yuan. Nangona kunjalo, qaphela ukuba ngaphaya kobukhulu be-100mm, ukonga amandla kuncipha kancinci. Umzekelo, ikhabhathi ye-120mm igcina i-0.3 kWh eyongezelelweyo kuphela ngosuku xa kuthelekiswa nomzekelo we-100mm, kodwa inciphisa amandla okugcina nge-15% - nto leyo eyenza ukuba ingasebenzi kakuhle.
IV. Iingcebiso Ezintathu Zokuphepha "Ubukhulu Bobuxoki" kunye "Nobuchule Obungebuhle"
Eli shishini lineendlela zalo zokulebhelisha ubukhulu obuyi-80mm kodwa linikezela nge-60mm kuphela, okanye ukuhlangabezana nemigangatho yobukhulu ngeendlela zokufaka igwebu ezingaphantsi komgangatho. Nazi iindlela ezintathu ezilula zokuchonga ezi ngxaki ngaphandle kwezixhobo ezikhethekileyo:
1. Yilinganise: Kwimiba efanayo, iiyunithi ezinzima zithembeke ngakumbi.
Ifoam yePU esemgangathweni ophezulu inobunzima obukhulu, nto leyo eyenza ukuba ibe nzima ngokwendalo. Umzekelo, iikhabhathi ezimbini ze-ayisikhrim ze-153L: imodeli ye-premium inobunzima obuyi-62 jin (malunga ne-31.5 lbs), ngelixa enye ekumgangatho ophantsi ingaba yi-48 jin kuphela (malunga ne-24.8 lbs). Obu bunzima bulula bunokubonisa ukungoneli kobunzima befoam okanye ukuncitshiswa kobukhulu.
2. Jonga umsantsa phakathi kwesitywino kunye nomzimba wekhabhinethi
Imicu yesitywina “yeyona nto incedisayo” ekugqumeni. Ifanele ivakale ngathi iyanyibilika xa icinezelwe kwaye yenze isitywina esiqinileyo, esingenazikhewu kwikhabhinethi xa ivaliwe. Ukuqhekeka okanye ukudumba kwiikona zekhabhinethi kubonisa ukusasazwa kwefoam okungalinganiyo, okunokubonisa izikhewu kumaleko wokugquma.
3. Jonga ubushushu bomphezulu: Emva kweeyure ezi-2 zokusebenza, umphezulu wekhabhinethi akufuneki ubonise ukufuma okanye ubushushu obugqithisileyo.
Emva kweeyure ezi-2 zokusebenza, chukumisa umphandle wekhabhinethi. Ukuba kuvela ukufuma (ukubila) okanye ivakala ishushu kakhulu, oku kubonisa ukuba ayifudumezi kakuhle—nokuba ayilingani ubukhulu okanye iingxaki zezinto/zokwenziwa. Phantsi kweemeko eziqhelekileyo, ubushushu bomphezulu wekhabhinethi kufuneka bube kufutshane nobushushu obuqhelekileyo, buzive bupholile kancinci.
V. Qinisekisa le Migangatho ukuze Uphephe Iimveliso Ezingaphantsi Komgangatho
Iikhabhathi ze-ayisikhrim ezisemthethweni mazihambelane nemigangatho efanelekileyo, efana ne-GB 4706.1 “Ukhuseleko lwezixhobo zombane zasekhaya kunye nezifanayo” kunye ne-T/CAR 12—2022 “Uhlu, iiMfuno, kunye neMiqathango yoVavanyo lweeFriji ze-Ayisikhrim.”
Nangona le migangatho ingagunyazisi ubukhulu obuthile, ibeka iimfuno ezicacileyo ekusebenzeni kwe-thermal insulation. Umzekelo, i-heat transfer coefficient (ixabiso le-K) kufuneka ibe phantsi ngokwaneleyo ukuqinisekisa ukuba amaqondo obushushu angaphakathi afanayo kunye nokuthotyelwa kokusetyenziswa kwamandla ngendlela efanelekileyo.
Xa uthenga, cela umthengisi ukuba anike iingxelo zovavanyo. Gxila kwi "coefficient yokudlulisa ubushushu" kunye "noxinano lwe-foam yomaleko wokufaka ubushushu." Ukuba ezi milinganiselo zimbini ziyahlangabezana nemigangatho, kunye nobubanzi bobukhulu obukhankanyiweyo ngaphambili, uya kuziphepha kakhulu iingxaki.
Into ephambili ekufuneka uyithathe:Musa ukubeka phambili ubukhulu bokugquma kwiikhabhathi ze-ayisikhrim ngokungakhathali. Khetha i-50-70mm yokusetyenziswa ekhaya, i-70-90mm yokusetyenziswa kwiindawo zorhwebo zangaphakathi, kunye ne-90-150mm yokusetyenziswa kobushushu bangaphandle/obuphantsi kakhulu. Beka phambili uxinano lwe-PU foam kunye nenkqubo yokuvelisa, uze ulungise ngokweemeko zokusetyenziswa. Oku kuqinisekisa ukugquma okusebenzayo ngaphandle kokuchitha indawo okanye iindleko zombane.
Ixesha lokuposa: Disemba-31-2025 Imbono: