Umnyango Wengilazi Yokushisisa Inkungu Uthuthukisa Iziqandisi Ezibonisayo

 

 

Abstract:

Ingilazi eshisisa ngogesi eminyango yesiqandisi esibonisiwe:

 Uhlobo 1: Ingilazi ene-electroplated enezendlalelo zokushisa

 Uhlobo 2: Ingilazi enezintambo zokuncibilikisa

 

Ezitolo ezinkulu, iziqandisi ezikhombisa iminyango yengilazi zibonisa izinhlobo eziningi zemikhiqizo eqandisiwe, okuvumela amakhasimende ukuthi abone kalula futhi aqhathanise imikhiqizo yemikhiqizo ehlukene, okupakishwayo, amandla, kanye nezimfanelo. Khonamanjalo, ezitolo ezitolo, ishalofu ngalinye lesiqandisi sengilazi lesiphuzo ligcwele iziphuzo ezimibalabala, okwenza amakhasimende akwazi ukuhlukanisa ngokushesha izinhlobo zawo, izinhlobo, imibala, ukwakheka kwawo, namandla.

 

Lezi ziqandisi ezibonisa ingilazi zifakwe izinhlelo ezisebenza kahle zesiqandisi, ezikwazi ukugcina ngokunembile izinga lokushisa ngaphakathi kwesiqandisi liphansi kakhulu kunezinga lokushisa legumbi. Iziqandisi zokubonisa zigcina izinga lokushisa lingaphansi kuka -18 degrees Celsius, kuyilapho izibandisi eziqandisiwe zigcina izinga lokushisa ngaphakathi kwebanga elifanele lika-2-8 degrees Celsius. Lokhu kulawulwa kwezinga lokushisa akuqinisekisi nje kuphela ukulondolozwa kwesikhathi eside kwemikhiqizo eqandisiwe nefakwe esiqandisini kodwa futhi kuqinisekisa inhlanzeko nempilo yayo, kunikeze amakhasimende umuzwa wokunambitheka ojabulisa kakhudlwana.

 

 

 

 

Ukuze kuhlangatshezwane nezimfuneko zokugcinwa kwezinga lokushisa eliphansi kanye nokusebenza kwesibonisi ngesikhathi esisodwa, izinto ezipholile neziqandisayo zisebenzisa idizayini enezicabha zengilazi. Iminyango yengilazi ekhanyayo ayibonisi kuphela ngokugcwele ukudla ngaphakathi kwekhabethe kodwa futhi, kuhambisana nokukhanya kwangaphakathi, kwenza ukudla kubonakale kakhudlwana, kube lula ukukhetha kwamakhasimende.

 

Kodwa-ke, iziqandisi zeminyango yengilazi zakuqala zabhekana nenselele ngesikhathi sokusetshenziswa: iminyango yengilazi yayivame ukugcwala. Ngenxa yomswakama ophezulu ngaphakathi kwesiqandisi, umhwamuko ungacinana ube amaconsi amanzi engilazini ebandayo, okubangele ukuthi ingilazi ekhanyelayo ekuqaleni ibe lufifi, ivimbe ngokuphawulekayo ukubuka kwamakhasimende. Eziqandisini zombukiso, isimo sasisibi nakakhulu, njengoba iqhwa ngezinye izikhathi lalikheka engilazini, liphendule umnyango wengilazi okhanyelayo ube ingilazi eyisithwathwa, kufihlwe ngokuphelele imikhiqizo engaphakathi.

 

Ukuze kubhekwane nalolu daba, iziqandisi zesimanje zokubonisa iminyango yengilazi zisebenzisa ubuchwepheshe obuthuthukisiwe bokunqanda inkungu ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuthi iminyango yengilazi ihlala icacile futhi isobala, okuvumela amakhasimende ukuthi abone imikhiqizo engaphakathi ngokucacile ngaso sonke isikhathi. Ukwethulwa kwalobu buchwepheshe akugcini nje ngokuthuthukisa ulwazi lokuthenga kumakhasimende kodwa kuphinde kugcizelele ukubaluleka kweziqandisi ezibonisa ingilazi ezitolo ezinkulu kanye nezitolo ezidayisa ukudla.

 

Ukuze baxazulule inkinga yezicabha zengilazi ezinenkungu, onjiniyela basebenzisa ngobuhlakani indlela yokushisisa ingilazi. Bathole ukuthi lapho izinga lokushisa lengilazi likhuphuka, umhwamuko awuminyani endaweni yayo, ngaleyo ndlela ugcine ingilazi ihlanzekile futhi isobala. Ngemuva kwalesi sixazululo esisha kukhona isimiso esibalulekile somzimba—uMthetho kaJoule.Umthetho ka-Joule wembula ubudlelwano phakathi kokushisa okukhiqizwa amandla kagesi adlula ku-conductor namandla amanje, ukumelana komqhubi, kanye nobude bokugeleza kwamanje. Ngokukhethekile, lapho amandla kagesi edlula ku-conductor, ukumelana kwe-conductor kubangela ukuthi i-current ivinjwe futhi ishayisane, ngaleyo ndlela iguqule amandla kagesi abe amandla okushisa, okuholela ekwenyukeni kwezinga lokushisa likakhondatha.

 

Njengamanje, kunezindlela ezimbili eziyinhloko zokufeza umphumela wokushisa ingilazi ukuvimbela inkungu:

 

Okokuqala ukusebenzisa intambo yokushisisa ukuze ukhiqize ukushisa. Ngokushumeka izintambo zokushisisa ngaphakathi komnyango wengilazi, ukushisa kukhiqizwa lapho izintambo zifakwa ugesi, kukhuphule izinga lokushisa lengilazi futhi kuvimbele umhwamuko ukuthi ungafinyeleli. Le ndlela ibonakala ngokuba lula nokusebenza kwayo.

 

Indlela yesibili ukusebenzisa ubuchwepheshe bokushisisa ngogesi. Lobu buchwepheshe buhilela ukumboza indawo yengilazi ngongqimba lwezinto ezibonakalayo. Lapho ugesi usetshenziswa, ukunamathela ngokushesha kukhiqiza ukushisa, okwenza izinga lokushisa eliphelele lengilazi likhuphuke. Le ndlela ayifezi nje kuphela ukushisa okufanayo kodwa futhi igcina ukucaca kanye nobuhle bengilazi.

 

Isixazululo sentambo yokushisisa siboleka kumqondo wokuklama wezibuko ezibuka ngemuva kwemoto. Uma ubheka isibuko semoto esibonisa ngemuva, uzobona umugqa wemigqa emnyama kuyo, okuyizintambo zokufudumeza. Lapho inkinobho ye-cabin yemoto ivuliwe, izintambo zokushisa zifakwa ugesi futhi ziqala ukushisa, zincibilikise ngempumelelo iqhwa neqhwa elinamathela engilazini, okuqinisekisa umugqa ocacile wokubona umshayeli.

 

Kodwa-ke, isimo samafriji akhombisayo sihluke kakhulu kwesamafasitela angemuva kwezimoto ngoba amakhasimende ajwayele ukuma phambi kwesiqandisi ukuze abuke imikhiqizo eduzane. Uma imigqa yezintambo zokushisa isobala, ayibambeli kalula iso kuphela kodwa futhi ithinta ubuhle. Ngakho-ke, izintambo zokushisisa eminyango yengilazi yesiqandisi evezwayo zenzelwe ukuba zibe zincane ukuze kuncishiswe ukuphazamiseka kokubona kwamakhasimende. Ezimweni eziningi, ngaphandle uma amakhasimende ebheka ngokucophelela, ngeke abone ukuthi kukhona izintambo zokushisa eminyango yengilazi yeziqandisi.

 

 

 

Kodwa-ke, ngenxa yemvelo ebuthakathaka yezintambo zokushisa ezincane, kokubili ukukhiqizwa kwazo nokuhlanganiswa kwazo nengilazi kubangela izinselele ezithile. Ngakho-ke, nakuba lo mklamo ungenzeka ngobuchwepheshe, ukusetshenziswa kwezintambo zokushisa ezincane emakhabetheni okuboniswa akuyona into evamile. Njengamanje, ambalwa kuphela amabhrendi emakethe amukele lo mklamo omuhle ukuze ahlangabezane nokuphishekela okukabili kobuhle nokusebenziseka.

 

Ekusetshenzisweni okungokoqobo, isixazululo sokushisisa sivame ukukhethwa ukuze kulungiswe iminyango yengilazi yeziqandisi zokubonisa. Le ngilazi efudunyezwa ngogesi ifinyelelwa ngokubeka ungqimba lwefilimu ye-conductive phezu kwengilazi eyisicaba. Ifilimu ye-conductive ngokuvamile yenziwe ngezinto ezisezingeni eliphezulu njenge-tin oxide noma i-fluorine tin oxide, eyenza ifilimu elizacile kakhulu nelifanayo. Uma kusetshenziswa ugesi, lolu ngqimba lwefilimu eqhubayo lukhiqiza ukushisa ngokushesha, okubangela ukuthi yonke indawo yengilazi ishise ngokulinganayo, ivimbele ngokuphumelelayo ukufiphala komhwamuko wamanzi.

 

 

Idizayini ye-conductive coating ngokuvamile iyinkimbinkimbi kakhulu, ehlanganisa izendlalelo eziningi ukuze kuthuthukiswe imiphumela yokushisa yokumelana. Lezi zingqimba zifaka ungqimba olubambayo, ungqimba olufakwa ngaphakathi, kanye nesendlalelo esivikelayo. Isendlalelo se-conductive sinesibopho sokukhiqiza ukushisa nokuyihambisa engilazini, kuyilapho ungqimba lokufakwa luvimbela ngokuphumelelayo ukushisa ekusakazeni ngemuva kwengilazi, iqinisekisa ukuthi umphumela wokushisa ugxile endaweni yengilazi. Isendlalelo esivikelayo sisebenzela ukuvikela isendlalelo se-conductive ekugqwaleni yimvelo yangaphandle, sandise impilo yayo yesevisi.

 

Uma usebenzisa ingilazi evuthayo kagesi, uma kudingekile ukulungisa umphumela wokushisa, kungafinyelelwa ngokulungisa ubude kanye nenani likagesi. Lokhu kuvumelana nezimo kuvumela ingilazi eshiswe ngogesi ukuthi ivumelane nezimo nezidingo ezahlukene, iqinisekise ukuthi iminyango yengilazi ihlala icacile futhi isobala ngaso sonke isikhathi.

 

Kafushane, isixazululo sokushisisa, esinomphumela waso osebenza kahle, ofanayo, futhi olungiseka kalula, sidlala indima ebalulekile ekwehliseni inkungu iminyango yengilazi yeziqandisi zokubonisa ezitolo ezinkulu nasezitolo ezilula. Ngokuthuthuka okuqhubekayo kobuchwepheshe, lesi sixazululo kulindeleke ukuthi sisetshenziswe kabanzi futhi sithuthukiswe ngokuzayo.