He aha nā hydrocarbons (HCs)

ʻO Hydrocarbons he mau mea hoʻohuihui i hoʻohui ʻia i ʻelua mau ʻano ʻātoma wale nō - carbon a me hydrogen. ʻO ka hydrocarbons ke kumu maoli o ka aila ʻaila, ke kinoea maoli, ka lanahu, a me nā kumu ikehu koʻikoʻi ʻē aʻe. Hiki ke hoʻopau ʻia a hoʻopuka i ke kalapona kalapona, ka wai, a me ka wela ke puhi ʻia. No laila, ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o nā hydrocarbons ma ke ʻano he wahie. ʻO ka maʻamau, ʻo ka hydrocarbons nā kinoea kala ʻole a nāwaliwali loa nā ʻala.

 

He aha nā ʻano hydrocarbons ʻehā?

Hiki ke hoʻohālikelike ʻia nā ʻano hana maʻalahi a paʻakikī paha a hiki ke hoʻokaʻawale ʻia i ʻehā mau ʻāpana, ʻo ia hoʻi nā alkanes, alkenes, alkynes, a me nā hydrocarbons aromatic.

He aha nā hoʻohana o nā hydrocarbons?

• Hoʻohana ʻia nā hydrocarbons e like me propane a me ka butane no nā kumu wahie kalepa ma ke ʻano o ka Liquefied Petroleum Gas (LPG). ʻO Benzene, kekahi o nā hydrocarbons aromatic maʻalahi, lawelawe ʻia ma ke ʻano he kumu no ka synthesis o nā lāʻau synthetic he nui.
• Hoʻohana ʻia kēia mau mea ma ke ʻano he kumu wahie hiki ke hoʻopau ʻia, e laʻa: Methane ʻo ia ka ʻāpana o ke kinoea maoli.
• ʻO ka ʻaila, ka wahie jet a me ka naphtha he aliphatic hydrocarbons i hoʻohana nui ʻia i nā ʻoihana like ʻole.
• He ʻano hydrocarbons nā ʻano ʻano like ʻole o nā ʻano ʻano like ʻole o ka bitumen a i ʻole ka pavement compound a me nā mea mālama lāʻau.
• ʻO kā lākou mau noi e like me ka nui o nā wahie ʻole e like me ka ethane a me ka propane i loaʻa mai ka ʻaila a me ke kinoea maoli. Hiki ke hoʻololi hou ʻia kēia mau kinoea ʻelua i ethylene a me propylene.
• ʻIke ʻia nā hydrocarbons kūikawā e like me ka hui ʻana o benzene, toluene a me xylene isomers a ua kiʻekiʻe loa kā lākou ʻai.
• Loaʻa nā hydrocarbons kūlohelohe i loko o nā pi Brazilian stingless e waiho ana i nā ʻala hydrocarbon kūʻokoʻa a kōkua i ka hoʻoholo ʻana i nā ʻohana mai ka pili ʻole.

 

He aha nā mea hoʻoheheʻe hydrocarbon?

 ʻO nā mea hoʻoheheʻe hydrocarbon ka mea i kapa ʻia ʻo 'nā mea hoʻoheheʻe kūlohelohe.' ʻAʻole ia he mea ʻawaʻawa, ʻaʻohe O-zone depleting, a he haʻahaʻa loa ko Global Warming Potential. Ma luna o nā mea a pau, ʻo lākou kekahi o nā mea hoʻoheheʻe ikaika loa i ka honua i kēia lā.

 Ke hoʻopau ʻia nei ka manawa o nā mea hoʻoheheʻe ʻea fluorinated a e hoʻopau ʻia lākou a pau i ka honua i nā makahiki e hiki mai ana. ʻO nā mea hoʻoheheʻe hydrocarbon e pani i ko lākou wahi. Ua kaulana nui ʻia nā Hydrocarbons ma ʻEulopa a me ʻAsia a ʻike nui ʻia e hoʻohana ʻia i nā noi friji. E like me ka mea maʻamau, ke emi nei ʻo ʻAmelika ma hope o ke koena o ka honua i ka wā e pili ana i nā mea hoʻoheheʻe ʻē aʻe…

 ʻO kekahi mau laʻana o ka hydrocarbon coolant penei:

 R-290(Propane)

 R-600a(Isobutane)

 R-1150(Etena/Ethylene)

 R-1270(Propene/Propylene)

 R-170(Etana)

 ʻO nā hui like ʻole a me nā hui ʻana o nā huahana i luna.