Chii chinonzi mahydrocarbon (HCs)?

Mahydrocarbon zvinhu zvakasikwa zvinoumbwa nemhando mbiri chete dzemaatomu - kabhoni nehydrogen. Mahydrocarbon anoitika zvechisikigo uye anoumba hwaro hwemafuta asina kucheneswa, gasi rechisikigo, marasha, nezvimwe zvinhu zvakakosha zvesimba. Anogona kutsva zvakanyanya uye anogadzira kabhoni dhayokisaidhi, mvura, uye kupisa kana apiswa. Saka, mahydrocarbon anoshanda zvakanyanya senzvimbo yemafuta. Kazhinji, mahydrocarbon magasi asina ruvara ane hwema husina kusimba.

 

Ndeapi marudzi mana emahydrocarbon?

Mahydrocarbon anogona kuva nemaumbirwo akareruka kana kuti akaoma kunzwisisa uye anogona kupatsanurwa muzvikamu zvina, zvinoti maalkanes, maalkenes, maalkynes, uye mahydrocarbon anonhuhwirira.

Mahydrocarbons anoshandiswa sei?

• Mahydrocarbon akadai sepropane nebutane anoshandiswa mumafuta ekutengesa muchimiro cheLiquefied Petroleum Gas (LPG). Benzene, imwe yemahydrocarbons anonhuhwirira ari nyore, inoshanda sezvinhu zvekugadzira mishonga yakawanda yekugadzira.
• Izvi zvinoshandiswa senzvimbo yemafuta inobvira, semuenzaniso: Methane iyo iri chikamu chegasi rechisikigo.
• Peturu, jet fuel uye naphtha imafuta e aliphatic hydrocarbon anoshandiswa zvakanyanya mumaindasitiri akasiyana.
• Zvinhu zvinosanganisa denga zvinosanganisa bitumen kana kuti pavement uye zvinochengetedza huni imhando dzakasiyana dzehydrocarbons.
• Mashandisirwo azvo sezvinhu zvikuru zvisina mafuta zvakaita se ethane ne propane zvinowanikwa kubva mupetroleum negasi rechisikigo. Magasi maviri aya anogona kushandurwa kuita ethylene ne propylene.
• Mahydrocarbon akakosha akadai semusanganiswa we benzene, toluene uye xylene isomers anozivikanwa uye kushandiswa kwawo kwakanyanya.
• Mahydrocarbon anongowanikwa munyuchi dzeBrazil dzisingabayi, izvo zvinosiya hwema hwakasiyana hwema hydrocarbon uye zvinobatsira pakuona hama kubva kune dzisiri hama.

 

Chii chinonzi mafiriji ehydrocarbon?

 Mafiriji ehydrocarbon anozivikanwa se'mafiriji echisikigo.' Haana chepfu, haaparadzi O-zone, uye ane mukana mudiki weGlobal Warming Potential. Pamusoro pezvose, ndeemamwe emafiriji anoshandisa simba shoma pasi rose nhasi.

 Nguva yekushandisa mafiriji egasi ane fluorinated iri kupera uye zvese zvichabviswa pasi rose mumakumi emakore anotevera. Mafiriji ehydrocarbon achatora nzvimbo yawo. Mahydrocarbon atove akakurumbira muEurope neAsia uye anowanikwa achishandiswa zvakanyanya mufiriji. Semazuva ese, United States iri kusaririra pasi rose kana zvasvika kune mamwe mafiriji… asi tipei nguva uye muchatanga kuona mahydrocarbon achibuda zvakanyanya muUS.

 Mimwe mienzaniso yechinhu chinotonhodza chehydrocarbon ndeiyi inotevera:

 R-290(Propane)

 R-600a(Isobutane)

 R-1150(Ethene/Ethylene)

 R-1270(Propene/Propylene)

 R-170(Ethane)

 Misanganiswa yakasiyana-siyana uye musanganiswa wezvigadzirwa zvataurwa pamusoro apa.