Ukwethula ama-thermostat nezinhlobo zawo

Iyini i-thermostat?

I-Thermostat ibhekisela ochungechungeni lwezingxenye zokulawula okuzenzakalelayo ezishintshashintsha ngokomzimba ngaphakathi kweswishi ngokwezinguquko zokushisa endaweni yokusebenza, ngaleyo ndlela zikhiqize imiphumela ethile ekhethekile futhi zikhiqize izenzo zokuqhuba noma zokunqamula. Ibizwa nangokuthi iswishi yokulawula izinga lokushisa, isivikelo sokushisa, isilawuli sokushisa, noma i-thermostat ngamafuphi. I-thermostat ingasetshenziswa ukulawula nokulungisa izinga lokushisa. Lapho izinga lokushisa lifinyelela inani elibekiwe, amandla avulwa noma acinywe ngokuzenzakalelayo ukuze kufezwe izinjongo zokushisa noma zokupholisa.

 

 

Isimiso sokusebenza se-thermostat

ngokuvamile kuhloswe ukusampula nokuqapha izinga lokushisa elizungezile ngenzwa yokushisa. Uma izinga lokushisa elizungezile liphezulu noma liphansi kunenani lokulawula elibekiwe, isekethe yokulawula izoqala futhi ikhiphe isignali yokulawula ehambisanayo ukuze kufezwe ukulawulwa nokulawulwa kwezinga lokushisa. Amanye ama-thermostat nawo anomsebenzi we-alamu ongaphezu komkhawulo. Uma izinga lokushisa lidlula inani le-alamu elibekiwe, kuzokhishwa umsindo we-alamu noma isignali yokukhanya ukuze kukhunjuzwe umsebenzisi ukuthi ayiphathe ngesikhathi.

Ama-thermostat anezinhlelo zokusebenza eziningi ezahlukene futhi angasetshenziswa emishinini ehlukahlukene edinga ukushisa noma ukupholisa, njenge-oven kagesi, iziqandisi, ama-air conditioner, njll. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, ama-thermostat angasetshenziswa nasemasimini ahlukahlukene ezimboni, njengemboni yamakhemikhali, imithi, ukucubungula ukudla, njll., ukuze kufezwe ukulawula okunembile kwezinga lokushisa ngesikhathi senqubo yokukhiqiza.

Uma ukhetha futhi usebenzisa i-thermostat, udinga ukucabangela izici ezifana nezici zento elawulwayo, indawo yokusetshenziswa, izidingo zokunemba, njll., bese ukhetha futhi ulungisa ngokusekelwe esimweni sangempela. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, ngesikhathi sokusetshenziswa, udinga futhi ukunaka ukulungiswa nokugcinwa, futhi uhlole njalo ukunemba nokuzwela kwenzwa ukuqinisekisa ukusebenza okuvamile kwe-thermostat.

 

Ukuhlukaniswa kwe-Thermostat

Ama-thermostat angahlukaniswa ngokwemisebenzi yawo, ikakhulukazi afaka phakathi izigaba ezilandelayo:

 

 

I-thermostat yomshini

I-thermostat yomshini isebenzisa isakhiwo somshini ukukala nokulawula izinga lokushisa. Ngokuvamile isetshenziswa ezintweni zasekhaya ezingabizi futhi ezilula njengokushisa, umoya opholile kanye nomoya opholile. Ingasetshenziswa futhi kanye nezinye izinhlelo ukwakha izinhlelo zokulawula ezizenzakalelayo eziyinkimbinkimbi. Izinzuzo zayo izindleko eziphansi kanye nokusetshenziswa okulula. Izinkinga zayo ukunemba okuphansi, ububanzi bokulungisa obulinganiselwe kanye nokusebenza okungafanele.

 

 

I-thermostat kagesi

I-thermostat kagesi isebenzisa izingxenye ze-elekthronikhi ukulinganisa izinga lokushisa nokulawula ukulungiswa. Inezici zokunemba okuphezulu, ukuzwela, imisebenzi enamandla, kanye nokusebenza okulula. Isetshenziswa kakhulu ezintweni zikagesi zezimboni, zezentengiselwano nezasekhaya ezisezingeni eliphezulu. Izindlela ezivamile zokulungisa zifaka i-algorithm ye-PID, i-pulse width modulation PWM, i-zero-point proportional adjustment ZPH kanye nokulawula okufiphazayo, njll., okungafeza ukulawula izinga lokushisa okunembile kakhulu kanye nokonga amandla kanye nemiphumela yokunciphisa ukusetshenziswa. I-thermostat yedijithali kanye nesilawuli sokushisa se-PID kutholakala ngokusekelwe ku-thermostat kagesi.

 

 

I-thermostat yedijithali

I-thermostat yedijithali iyidivayisi yokulawula izinga lokushisa ehlanganisa isibonisi sedijithali kanye nesilawuli sedijithali, esingabonisa inani lokushisa lamanje kanye nenani lokushisa elibekiwe, futhi singasethwa ngesandla ngezinkinobho nezinye izindlela. Inokunemba okuphezulu, ukuthembeka okuhle kanye nokusebenza okulula. Isekethe yayo eyakhelwe ngaphakathi ifana ne-thermostat ye-elekthronikhi. Ifaneleka ngezikhathi lapho kudingeka ukulungiswa kwezinga lokushisa njalo, njengezindawo zokucwaninga, imishini ye-elekthronikhi, njll.

Isilawuli sokushisa se-PID

 

Ekulawuleni inqubo, isilawuli se-PID (esibizwa nangokuthi i-PID regulator) esilawula ngokwesilinganiso (P), i-integral (I) kanye ne-differential (D) sokuphambuka yisona silawuli esizenzakalelayo esisetshenziswa kakhulu. Isilawuli se-PID sisebenzisa isilinganiso, i-integral, kanye ne-differential ukubala inani lokulawula ngokusekelwe ephutheni lesistimu lokulawula. Lapho isakhiwo namapharamitha ento elawulwayo engenakuqondwa ngokugcwele, noma imodeli yezibalo enembile ingenakutholakala, noma amanye amasu e-control theory kunzima ukuwasebenzisa, isakhiwo namapharamitha esilawuli sesistimu kumele kunqunywe ngokuhlangenwe nakho kanye nokulungisa iphutha endaweni. Ngalesi sikhathi, ubuchwepheshe bokulawula i-PID yesicelo buyindlela elula kakhulu. Ukusebenzisa i-algorithm yokulawula i-PID yokulawula izinga lokushisa, inokunemba okuphezulu kokulawula kanye nokuzinza. Ivame ukusetshenziswa kwezokwelapha, ekucubunguleni ukudla, kwisayensi yokuphila nakwezinye izikhathi ezidinga ukunemba okuphezulu. Isikhathi eside, abalawuli be-PID basetshenziswe inani elikhulu labasebenzi besayensi nobuchwepheshe kanye nabasebenzi basensimini, futhi baqoqe ulwazi oluningi.

 

Ngaphezu kwalokho, ngokwezimo ezahlukene zokusetshenziswa, ama-thermostat anezinye izindlela zokuhlukanisa, njengohlobo lokushisa kwegumbi, uhlobo lokushisa phansi kanye nohlobo lokushisa oluphindwe kabili ngokwendlela yokuthola; ngokwezimo ezahlukene, ahlukaniswe ngohlobo lokudayela olujwayelekile, uhlobo lwenkinobho evamile, uhlobo lwe-LCD yohlelo oluhlakaniphile oluthuthukisiwe, njll. Izinhlobo ezahlukene zama-thermostat zinezici ezahlukene kanye nezimo zohlelo lokusebenza, futhi abasebenzisi bangakhetha ngokwezidingo zangempela.