Ukwazisa ii-thermostat kunye neentlobo zazo

Yintoni i-thermostat?

I-thermostat ibhekisa kuthotho lwezinto zokulawula ngokuzenzekelayo ezitshintsha ngokwasemzimbeni ngaphakathi kweswitshi ngokweenguqu zobushushu kwindawo yokusebenza, ngaloo ndlela zivelisa iziphumo ezithile ezikhethekileyo kwaye zivelise izenzo zokuqhuba okanye zokuqhawula. Ikwabizwa ngokuba yiswitshi yokulawula ubushushu, umkhuseli wobushushu, umlawuli wobushushu, okanye i-thermostat ngamafutshane. I-thermostat ingasetyenziselwa ukulawula nokulungisa ubushushu. Xa ubushushu bufikelela kwixabiso elimiselweyo, umbane uvulwa okanye ucinywe ngokuzenzekelayo ukuze kufezekiswe iinjongo zokufudumeza okanye zokuphola.

 

 

Umgaqo wokusebenza we-thermostat

idla ngokuthatha iisampulu kwaye ijonge ubushushu obujikeleze umhlaba ngesensor yobushushu. Xa ubushushu obujikeleze umhlaba buphezulu okanye buphantsi kunexabiso lolawulo elimiselweyo, isekethe yokulawula iya kuqala kwaye ikhuphe isignali yokulawula ehambelanayo ukuze kufezekiswe ulawulo lobushushu kunye nolawulo. Ezinye ii-thermostat zinomsebenzi we-alamu engaphezulu komda. Xa ubushushu budlula ixabiso le-alamu elimiselweyo, isandi se-alamu okanye isignali yokukhanya iya kukhutshwa ukukhumbuza umsebenzisi ukuba ayiphathe ngexesha.

Iithermostat zinoluhlu olubanzi lwezicelo kwaye zingasetyenziswa kwizixhobo ezahlukeneyo ezifuna ukufudunyezwa okanye ukupholisa, njengee-oveni zombane, iifriji, ii-air conditioner, njl. Kwangaxeshanye, iithermostat zingasetyenziswa nakwiindawo ezahlukeneyo zoshishino, ezifana neshishini leekhemikhali, amayeza, ukucubungula ukutya, njl., ukuze kufezekiswe ulawulo oluchanekileyo lobushushu ngexesha lenkqubo yemveliso.

Xa ukhetha kwaye usebenzisa i-thermostat, kufuneka uqwalasele izinto ezifana neempawu zento elawulwayo, indawo yokusetyenziswa, iimfuno zokuchaneka, njl.njl., kwaye wenze ukhetho kunye nohlengahlengiso ngokusekelwe kwimeko yokwenyani. Kwangaxeshanye, ngexesha lokusetyenziswa, kufuneka unikele ingqalelo kulondolozo kunye nokulungiswa, kwaye ujonge rhoqo ukuchaneka kunye novakalelo lwesensor ukuqinisekisa ukusebenza okuqhelekileyo kwe-thermostat.

 

Ulwahlulo lweThermostat

Iithermostat zinokwahlulwa ngokwemisebenzi yazo, kuquka ezi ndidi zilandelayo:

 

 

I-thermostat yoomatshini

I-thermostat yoomatshini isebenzisa isakhiwo soomatshini ukulinganisa nokulawula ubushushu. Idla ngokusetyenziswa kwizixhobo zasekhaya ezingabizi kakhulu nezilula ezifana nokufudumeza, ukuphola kunye nokuphola. Ingasetyenziswa kunye nezinye iinkqubo ukwenza iinkqubo zolawulo oluzenzekelayo ezintsonkothileyo. Iingenelo zayo ziindleko eziphantsi kunye nokusetyenziswa okulula. Iingxaki zayo kukuchaneka okuphantsi, uluhlu lohlengahlengiso olulinganiselweyo kunye nokusebenza okungahambi kakuhle.

 

 

I-thermostat ye-elektroniki

I-thermostat ye-elektroniki isebenzisa izinto ze-elektroniki ukulinganisa ubushushu kunye nokulawula ukulungiswa. Ineempawu zokuchaneka okuphezulu, uvakalelo, imisebenzi enamandla, kunye nokusebenza okulula. Isetyenziswa kakhulu kwizixhobo zoshishino, zorhwebo nezasekhaya. Iindlela eziqhelekileyo zokulungisa ziquka i-PID algorithm, i-pulse width modulation PWM, i-zero-point proportional adjustment ZPH kunye ne-fuzzy control, njl.njl., enokufezekisa ulawulo lobushushu oluchanekileyo kunye nokonga amandla kunye nemiphumo yokunciphisa ukusetyenziswa. I-thermostat yedijithali kunye ne-PID temperature controller zizinto ezifunyenweyo ngokusekelwe kwi-thermostat ye-elektroniki.

 

 

I-thermostat yedijithali

I-thermostat yedijithali sisixhobo sokulawula ubushushu esidibanisa isibonisi sedijithali kunye nomlawuli wedijithali, onokubonisa ixabiso lobushushu bangoku kunye nexabiso lobushushu elimiselweyo, kwaye unokusetwa ngesandla ngamaqhosha kunye nezinye iindlela. Inobuchaneko obuphezulu, ukuthembeka okuhle kunye nokusebenza okulula. Isekethe yayo eyakhelwe ngaphakathi ifana ne-thermostat ye-elektroniki. Ifanelekile kwiimeko apho kufuneka ukulungiswa kobushushu rhoqo, njengeelebhu, izixhobo ze-elektroniki, njl.

Isilawuli sobushushu se-PID

 

Kulawulo lwenkqubo, umlawuli we-PID (okwabizwa ngokuba ngumlawuli we-PID) olawula ngokwe-proportion (P), i-integral (I) kunye ne-differential (D) yokuphambuka yeyona ilawulwa ngokuzenzekelayo esetyenziswa kakhulu. Umlawuli we-PID usebenzisa i-proportion, i-integral, kunye ne-differential ukubala isixa solawulo ngokusekelwe kwimpazamo yenkqubo yolawulo. Xa ulwakhiwo kunye neeparameters zento elawulwayo zingenakuqondwa ngokupheleleyo, okanye imodeli echanekileyo yemathematika ingenakufumaneka, okanye ezinye iindlela zethiyori yokulawula zinzima ukuzisebenzisa, ulwakhiwo kunye neeparameters zomlawuli wenkqubo kufuneka zimiselwe ngamava kunye nokulungisa iimpazamo kwindawo. Ngeli xesha, iteknoloji yolawulo lwe-PID yesicelo yeyona ilula kakhulu. Ukusebenzisa i-algorithm yokulawula i-PID kulawulo lobushushu, inolawulo oluphezulu lokuchaneka kunye nokuzinza. Ihlala isetyenziswa kumayeza, ekulungisweni kokutya, kwisayensi yobomi nakwezinye iimeko ezifuna ukuchaneka okuphezulu. Kangangexesha elide, abalawuli be-PID basetyenziswe linani elikhulu labasebenzi besayensi kunye nobuchwepheshe kunye nabaqhubi basentsimini, kwaye baqokelele amava amaninzi.

 

Ukongeza, ngokweemeko ezahlukeneyo zokusetyenziswa, ii-thermostat zinezinye iindlela zokwahlulahlula, ezinje ngohlobo lobushushu begumbi, uhlobo lobushushu bomgangatho kunye nohlobo lobushushu obuphindwe kabini ngokwendlela yokufumanisa; ngokwembonakalo eyahlukileyo, zahlulwe ngohlobo oluqhelekileyo lokudayela, uhlobo lweqhosha eliqhelekileyo, uhlobo lwe-LCD yokucwangcisa ehlakaniphileyo ephucukileyo, njl. Iintlobo ezahlukeneyo zee-thermostat zineempawu ezahlukeneyo kunye neemeko zokusetyenziswa, kwaye abasebenzisi banokukhetha ngokweemfuno zokwenyani.