Ho tloha ho Sibolloeng ha Lesoba la Ozone ho ea ho Protocol ea Montreal

 

 

 

Ho sibolloa ha Lesoba la Ozone la Antarctic

Lera la ozone le sireletsa batho le tikoloho maemong a kotsi a mahlaseli a ultraviolet a tsoang letsatsing. Lik'hemik'hale tse bitsoang lintho tse felisang ozone (ODS) tse lokolloang sepakapakeng ka mokhoa o sa laoleheng pele; Lik'hemik'hale tseo li senya lera la ozone la stratospheric. Ka Mots'eanong 1985, ho tlaleha koranteng ea Nature British Antarctic Survey (BAS) bo-rasaense Joe Farman, Brian Gardiner le Jonathan Shanklin ba hlalositse tlhokomeliso ea bona ea tahlehelo e kholo ea ozone holim'a Antarctica. Ho sibolloa ha lesoba la ozone la Antarctic ke BAS ho fane ka temoso ea pele ea ho fokotseha ho ka bang kotsi ha lera la ozone lefatšeng ka bophara.

Kopano ea Vienna, Selelekela sa Protocole ea Montreal

Ha theknoloji e ntse e tswela pele, dithuto tsa mahlale di ile tsa bontsha bothata bo hlahang le ditlamorao tsa bona tsa ho fela ha ozone. Liketso di bitswa dilemo tse ngata. Ka 1985, Tumellano ya Vienna bakeng sa Tshireletso ya Lera la Ozone e ile ya thehwa ho arabela. Tumellano ya Vienna e ne e le kopano ya pele ya mofuta ofe kapa ofe e saennweng ke naha e nngwe le e nngwe e amehang, e ileng ya qala ho sebetsa ka 1988 mme ya fihlella kananelo ya lefatshe ka bophara ka 2009.
Seboka se ne se ikemiseditse ho kgothaletsa tshebedisano mmoho hara ditjhaba ka ho fapanyetsana tlhahisoleseding mabapi le ditlamorao tsa mesebetsi ya batho hodima lera la ozone. Empa kaha kopano ha e tlame ka molao, kopano ya Vienna ha e hloke hore dinaha di nke mehato ya taolo ho sireletsa lera la ozone. Protokhole ya Montreal e kene ka 1987 ho rarolla bothata bona.

Protocole ea Montreal ke eng?

Protocol ea Montreal e saennoe ka 1987 'me ea qala ho sebetsa ka 1989. Qalong e saennoe ke linaha tse 46, tumellano ena joale e na le batho ba ka bang 200 ba saenneng. Protocol ea Montreal mabapi le Lintho tse Felisang Lera la Ozone ke tumellano ea lefats'e ea ho sireletsa lera la ozone la Lefatše ka ho felisa lik'hemik'hale tse le felisang. Protocol ea Montreal ke tumellano ea bokahohle e laolang tlhahiso le tšebeliso ea lik'hemik'hale tse ka bang 100 tse entsoeng ke motho tse tsejoang e le lintho tse felisang ozone (ODS).

Protocol ea Montreal e re'ng?

Protocol ea Montreal e fokotsa tšebeliso le tlhahiso ea li-ODS tse fapaneng ka mokhoa o latellanang, ka linako tse fapaneng tsa linaha tse tsoetseng pele le tse tsoelang pele (tse bitsoang "Linaha tsa Athikele ea 5"). Tlas'a tumellano ena, mahlakore ohle a na le boikarabello bo itseng bo amanang le ho tsoa ha lihlopha tse fapaneng tsa ODS, taolo ea khoebo ea ODS, tlaleho ea selemo le selemo ea data, litsamaiso tsa laesense tsa naha ho laola thepa e kenang le e romelloang kantle ho naha ea ODS, le litaba tse ling. Linaha tse tsoelang pele le tse tsoetseng pele li na le boikarabello bo lekanang empa bo fapane, empa habohlokoa le ho feta, lihlopha ka bobeli tsa linaha li na le boitlamo bo tlamang, bo shebaneng le nako le bo ka lekanngoang.

Lintho tse laoloang tlas'a Protocol ea Montreal

Annexes A (li-CFC, li-halon)
Li-Annexes B (li-CFC tse ling tse nang le halogenated ka botlalo, carbon tetrachloride, methyl chloroform)
Annexes C (Li-HCFC)
Li-Annexes E (methyl bromide)
Lihlomathiso F (Li-HFC)

Protokhole ea Montreal e Tšehetsoa ke Mongoli oa Ozone oa Lenaneo la Tikoloho la Machaba a Kopaneng

Tumellano ena e fetoha ha nako e ntse e ea ka leseli la nts'etsopele e ncha ea saense, ea tekheniki le ea moruo, 'me e ntse e tsoela pele ho fetoloa le ho fetoloa. Seboka sa Mekha ke mokhatlo oa puso bakeng sa tumellano ena, ka tšehetso ea tekheniki e fanoang ke Sehlopha sa Mosebetsi se Bulehileng, seo ka bobeli se kopanang selemo le selemo. Mekha e thusoa ke Mongoli oa Ozone, o thehiloeng ntlo-kholo ea Lenaneo la Tikoloho la Machaba a Kopaneng Nairobi, Kenya.